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English-the Swedish, with all the males and 98.2 per cent of the females showing the highest proportion.

All of those born in the United States whose fathers are of each specified race, except Poles, Slovaks, and Swedes, speak English.

The following table makes possible a comparison of the relative proportion of the younger and older immigrants of non-Englishspeaking races able to speak English. The table shows, by age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual, the percentage of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over, in the households studied, who speak English.

TABLE 211.-Per cent of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by age at time of coming to the United States and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all non-English-speaking races.]

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The following table shows that of 1,992 foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over, 91.8 per cent of those who were under 14 years of age at time of coming to the United States and 63.4 per cent of those who were 14 years of age or over at the time of coming to this country can speak English.

The Germans and the Swedes who were under 14 years of age at the time of coming to this country show 100 per cent, the Slovaks, the Ruthenians, the Lithuanians, and South Italians show over 90 per cent, and the Poles 75 per cent who were under 14 years of age at the time of coming, who can speak English. Of the foreign-born persons who were 14 years of age or over, at the time of coming to this country, and who can speak English, the Swedes show by far the highest per cent followed by the Slovaks, the Germans, the Lithuanians, the South Italians, the Poles, the Ruthenians, and the Russians, in the order named, in considerably smaller proportions. Only 34.6 per cent of the Russians are able to speak English.

The progress made by persons of non-English-speaking races in acquiring ability to speak English after stated periods of residence in this country is exhibited by the following table, which shows, by years in the United States and by race of individual, the per cent of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over, in the households studied, who speak English.

TABLE 212.-Per cent of foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over who speak English, by years in the United States and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only non-English-speaking races with 40 or more persons reporting. The total, however, is for all nonEnglish-speaking races.]

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The preceding table shows that of 1,992 foreign-born persons 6 years of age or over, 36 per cent of those who have been in the United States under five years, 74.4 per cent of those who have been in this country from five to nine years, and 92.6 per cent of those with a residence of ten years or over can speak English. Of the foreignborn persons who have been in the United States under five years, the Slovaks show the highest and the Germans the lowest percentage who can speak English. Of the persons who have been in this country from five to nine years, the Swedes show 100 per cent as contrasted with only 50 per cent of the Russians who can speak English. Of the persons who have been in the United States ten years or over, the Germans show the highest and the Russians the lowest percentage who speak English.

At least 14 of the immigrant races have made some entrance into the business world. The following table shows the distribution of businesses among the races.

TABLE 213.-Immigrants and their children in business, by race and kind of business (street trades not included).

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TABLE 213.-Immigrants and their children in business, by race and kind of business (street trades not included)-Continued.

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IMMIGRANTS IN THE PROFESSIONS.

With the exception of the Irish and the Germans, the entrance of immigrants and their children into the professions has been slight. Excluding the English and Scotch, races of comparatively early arrival and now exceedingly difficult to differentiate from the American, only 8 races of immigrant peoples are to be found in the professions and the total number of immigrants and their children represented in the list is only 64. In this total, teachers other than those of music are not included.

TABLE 214.-Immigrants and their children in the professions, by race.

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REPRESENTATIVE COMMUNITY D.

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