1

the horse, was an empty seat for two persons.

Through the deep and dark gothic archway, that opened on the drawbridge, were seen on horseback the High Sherif and his attendants, whom the etiquette betwixt the civil and military powers 3 did not permit to come farther. "This is well got up for a closing scene," "5 said Fergus, smiling disdainfully as he gazed around upon the apparatus of terror. Evan Dhu exclaimed with some eagerness, after looking at the dragoons, "These are the very chields that galloped off at Gladsmuir, before we could kill a dozen of them. They look bold enough now, however."7 The priest entreated him to be silent.

6

The sledge now approached, and Fergus, turning round, embraced Waverley, kissed him on each side of the face, and stepped nimbly into his place.8 Evan sat down by 9 his side. The priest was to follow in a carriage belonging to his patron, the catholic gentleman at whose house 10 Flora resided. As Fergus waved his hand 11 to Edward, the ranks closed around 12 the sledge, and the whole procession began to move forward. 13 There was a momentary stop at the gateway, while the governor of the castle and the High Sheriff went through 15 a short ceremony, the military officer there delivering over the persons of the criminals to 16 the civil power. "God save 17 King

14

1 sur le devant.

2 A travers le sombre arceau gothique qui s'ouvrait sous le pontlevis, on apercevait.

3 qui sépare le pouvoir civil et l'autorité militaire.

whom... permit; permettre governs the dative, in French as well as in Latin.

5 Voilà qui est bien disposé (or, bien monté) pour une scène de dénoûment.

6 'to gaze round upon;' simply, regarder.-'the ;' cet, here.

7 Voilà ces braves dragons, 'écria vivement E- D-, qui galepaient si vite à G-, avant que Nous en eussions tué seulement une douzaine; ils ont l'air assez vailLant aujourd'hui.

8 F-, après avoir embrassé W— sur chaque joue, y monta d'un pas leste.

8.

6

10 gentleman;' see p. 46, note at whose house;' p. 78, n. 5 11 Au moment où (or, que) F— faisait un signe de la main.

12 les soldats entourèrent.-'faisait;' 'entourèrent,· -see again page 1, note, and page 55, note s. 13 et le cortege se mit en marche. 14 On fit halte quelques instants. 15 to go through,' in this sense, accomplir.

16 pour que l'officier militaire fit en cet endroit iu remise des con dumnés entre les mains de.

17 Vive-king,' &c., see page 4, note 1, page 18. note, &c.

George!" said the High Sheriff. When the formality concluded,1 Fergus stood erect in 2 the sledge, and, with a firm and steady voice, replied, " God save King James !" These were the last words which Waverley heard him speak.5

The procession resumed its march, and the sledge vanished from beneath the portal, under which it had stopped for an instant. The dead-march was then heard, and its melancholy sounds were mingled with those of a muffled peal, tolled from the neighbouring cathedral. The scand of the military music died away as the procession moved on; the sullen clang of the bells was soon heard to sound alone. 10-(WALTER SCOTT, Waverley.)

A FEW WORDS OF ADVICE TO YOUNG PEOPLE.

THE great 11 source of independence, the French express in a precept of three words,12 "Vivre de peu," which 13 I nave always admired. "To live upon little," is the great security 14 against slavery; and this precept extends to dress and other things besides food and drink. When Doctor 15 Johnson wrote his Dictionary, he put in the word pensioner thus ;16 ;16 "PENSIONER. A slave of state." After this

de crêpe.

& bruit.

9 s'éloigna à mesure que.

10 et bientôt on n'entendit plus que le son mélancolique des cloches. 11 principale.

12 se résume dans ces trois mots (p. 28, n. 3) du précepte français.

13 précepte que. The repetition of the word précepte is here necessary, according to the rule given page 10, note 3. See, besides, page 27, note 8.

14 garantie (or, sauvegarde-protection) par excellence. 15 See page 4, note 16 il y explique ainsi, .

1

&c.

he himself became1 a pensioner! And thus, agreeably to his own definition, he lived and died "a slave of state!" What must this man of great genius and of great industry too, have felt at receiving 2 this pension! Could he be so callous as 4 not to feel a pang upon seeing his own name placed before his own degrading definition? And, what could induce him to submit to this? His wants, his artificial wants, his habit of indulging in 5 the pleasures of the table; his disregard of the precept, " Vivre de peu.' This was the cause; and, be it observed, that indulgences of this sort, while they tend to make 9 men poor and expose them to commit mean acts, tend also to enfeeble the body, and, more especially, to cloud and to weaken the mind.

*

8

In your manners be neither boorish nor blunt, but even these 10 are preferable to simpering and crawling 11 I wish 12 every English youth could see those of the United States of America, always civil, never servile. Be obedient, where obedience is due ; for, it is no act of meanness, and no indication of want of spirit,13 to yield implicit and ready

3 so...

as,' when they thus come before a verb, are rendered into French by assez... pour. See page 1, note 15; yet, si... que is better after a verb conjugated with a negative, as Je ne suis pas si fou que de le croire, 'I am not so mad as to believe it.'

+ un saisissement en.

5 de s'abandonner (or, s'adonner -se livrer-se laisser aller) à. 6 Telle en;-'en,' 'of it.' 7 et faisons-le observer; leave out "that' in the translation.

l'habitude de suivre les (or, de

céder de ne pas résister-de se laisser entrainer, or aller,-&c., as above · aux) penchants de cette nature.

'to

9' they,' elle('l'habitude") the verb in the singular. make;' in this sense, see page 35, note 7 10 ces défauts.

11 à ceux de toujours avoir sur les lèvres un niais sourire de commande (or, de sourire avec afféterie à tout bout de champ-à chaque bout de champ; familiar-or, à tout propos) et d'être toujours à ramper; or, simply, à l'afféterie (or, better, aux minauderies) et aux courbettes. The latter word is familiar.

12 Je voudrais (conditional) que; followed by the imperfect subjunctive (of pouvoir, here): same rule as, though different case from, note 9 of page 22.

13 cœur caractère-fierté; in this sense.

6

obedience to those who have a right to demand it at your hands. 3 In this respect England has been, and, I hope, always will be, an example to the whole world.5 To this habit of willing and prompt obedience in apprentices, in servants, in all inferiors in station, she owes, in a great measure, her multitudes of matchless merchants, tradesmen, and workmen of every description, and also the achievements 9 of her armies and navies. It is 10 no disgrace, but the contrary,11 to obey, cheerfully, lawful and just commands.12 None are so saucy and disobedient as slaves; and, when you come 14 to read history, you will

13

find that in proportion as nations have been free has been their reverence for the laws.15 But there is a wide difference between lawful and cheerful obedience, and that servility which represents people 16 as laying petitions "at the king's feet," which makes us imagine that we behold 17 the supplicants actually crawling upon their bellies.18 There is something so abject in this expression; there is 1 de (or que de~~'que,' together See p. 25, n. 17. 10 Il n'y a. with 'de,' in such a case as this, is more forcible and graceful than 'de' only, which is grammatical enough) montrer une soumission implicite et prompte envers.

2 le droit; or, merely, droit: 'right' being used here in a definite sense, we cannot use, in French, the indefinite, but must use the definite, article-if we use any at all; see for a similar case, page 31, note 8.

Simply, de l'exiger de vous. 4been will be' 'an;' servi.... servira. de. 5 monde entier ;-tout le monde is more commonly used in the sense of every body.'

6 spontanée. Construct, in French, as if the English were, 'It is to this habit. . . &c., that she owes,' &c.

7 tous les inférieurs envers leurs supérieurs. 34, note 7.

en grande partie. See page

In this sense, exploits hauts faits faits (or, beaux faits) d'armes.

11 but,' &c.; bien (or, tout) au contraire.

13 The verb obéir governs the dative (prep. à here).

18 Les esclaves sont, de tous les hommes, les plus . . . &c., et les plus &c.

...

14 See page 52, note 2; and use à before the next verb, here.

15

que le respect des lois chez les peuples a été grand à proportion qu'ils ont été libres; or, que plus les nations ont été libres, plus leur respect pour les lois a été grand (see page 90, note 3); or, more quaintly, and not so common, plus libres ont été

&c.. plus grand a été... &c. We might also say, que le respect des lois chez les peuples a été en proportion de la liberté de ceux-ci.

16 les gens-peuple only means 'people' in the sense of a 'nation' (populus, in Latin).

17 A full stop, after 'king's feet.' On s'imagine voir.

18

positivement se traîner sur le ventre; or, simply, positivement à plat ventre (or, ventre à terre).

such horrible self-abasement in it,1 that I do hope,2 that every youth, who shall read this, will hold in detestations the reptiles who make use of it. In all other countries, the lowest individual can put a petition into the hands of the chief magistrate, be he king or emperor : let us hope, that the time will yet come when Englishmen will be able to do the same. In the meantime I beg you to despise these worse than pagan parasites.

9

*

5

Perseverance is a prime quality in every pursuit. Yours is, too, the time of life to acquire 10 this inestimable habit. Men fail much oftener from want 11 of perseverance than from want of talent and of good disposition: as 12 the race was not to the hare but to the tortoise; so the meed of success in study is not to 13 him 14 who is in haste,15 but to him who proceeds with a steady and even 16 step. It is

1 'self-abasement,' ubaissement (or, humiliation) volontaire. Change the construction here.

2 j'espère bien;-see page 40, note . We have more ways than one, however, according to the case, of rendering the emphasis of 'do,' thus used in English; with an imperative we should use donc, or je vous prie (or, en prie): ex., goûtez donc de ce pâté (do taste this pie); &c. See page 77, note 13.

3 n'auront que de l'exécration pour détestation is hardly used in French, except as a religious

term.

4 remettre.

5 qu'il soit.

6 espérons donc qu'un temps viendra néanmoins, où (or, quesee p. 18, n. 13). 7 en faire autant.

En attendant; or, Jusque-là. de faire moins de cas encore de ces êtres-là (être is often so used, in French, as a term of contempt, and, sometimes also, as an expression of anger). We might also translate by, de mettre ces êtres-là au-dessous de; leaving out 'than.'

page 3, note 3. Aussi bien, thus used, without que, serves to account in several ways for a preceding proposition. It corresponds, according to the case, to 'as,' 'for indeed,' the more so as,' 'after all,' 'besides,' 'too,' as used here in the text, &c. It here accounts, though somewhat indirectly, for 'perseverance' being thus particularly recommended to young people. It may also be observed that this expression often takes elegantly after it the interrogative form, as well as those mentioned page 32, note.

11 Simply, faute (or, par manque) 12 as, de même que; 'so,' de même, or, ainsi.—the race was not to,' le prix de la course fut remporté, non par.

13 revient, non d.

14 him,' here, celui. When the personal pronouns 'he,' 'she,' &c., are the antecedents of a relative pronoun, they are expressed, not by il, elle, &c., but by celui, celle, &c. 15 se presse.

10 lussi bien est-ce à votre âge que 16 ferme (or, sûr) et égal (or, uni. acquiert. See page 8, note 5, and forme--régulier).