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Personality Disorders

301.5

301.4

Neuroses

300.13

300.2

300.3

Behavior Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence (any of the less severe behavior problems in an otherwise apparently healthy young person)

308.0

308.1

308.2

308.3

308.4

308.5

308.9

300.4

300.5 300.7

Category III Characteriological or Emotional Problems with less adequate adaptation in some areas

301.1

301.2

301.3

301.4

301.6

301.81

301.82

Hysterical

Obsessive Compulsive (less severe symptoms) NOTE: A good example where treatment can be difficult and long.

Sexual Deviation

302

Hyperkinetic reaction
Withdrawing reaction

Overanxious reaction

Runaway reaction

Unsocialized aggressive reaction
Group delinquent reaction
Other reaction

Personality Disorders

Hysterical, conversion type

Phobic

Obsessive compulsive (with more disabling

symptoms)

Depressive (with more interference with

functioning)

Neurasthenic
Hypochondriacal

L

Cyclothymic (moderate)

Schizoid

Explosive

Obsessive compulsive (more severe)

Asthenic (moderate)

Passive aggressive
Inadequate

Series as listed (less severe problem with
basically good ego strength)

Alcoholism

303.0

Drug Dependence

304

305

Psychophysiologic Disorders

Episodic excessive drinking (addiction not clearly established)

Special Symptoms

306

Psychoses

295

Series as listed (less severe and with good ego strength)

296

Behavior Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence 308

Neuroses

300.14

300.4

300.5

300.6

Series as listed (less severe with basically good ego strength)

Category IV Characteriological or Emotional with poor adaptation in some or involving many areas

Series as listed (less severe speech disturbances, tics, etc. with basically good ego strength)

Series as listed (more severe and in more troubled personality)

Schizophrenia series as listed, with some social functioning

Major affective disorders series as listed, with some social functioning

Hysterical, dissociative type

Depressive (severe but not psychotic)

Neurasthenic (severe and chronic)
Depersonalization

Personality Disorder

301.0

301.3

301.7

301.82

Sexual Deviation

302

Paranoid

Explosive (severe with poor control)
Anti-social (severe)

Inadequate or infantile (marked)

Series as listed (more severe problem with poor ego strength)

Alcoholism

303.1

303.2

Drug Dependence

304

Special Symptoms

306

Habitual excessive drinking
Alcohol addiction

300

Psychotic Reaction

Schizophrenia

Series as listed (if chronic, severe, and in a
troubled personality)

295

Series as listed (if chronic, severe, and
incapacitating; e.g., anorexia nervosa)

Category V Severe Emotional Disorder

Neuroses

Short-term break with reality in otherwise fairly well integrated personality

Series as listed, unable to function in a crucial area, but showing change in treatment

Series as listed, unable to function in one or more crucial areas, but showing response to treatment, and with history and onset suggesting some favorable possibilities

Major Affective Disorders

296

Series as listed (with some qualifications as
under 295 in this category)

Category VI Most Severe Emotional Disorder

Any chronic neurotic, characteriologic, or psychotic disorder so poorly adapted that constant supervision is necessary, and having shown no response to previous active, continued treatment, but will require symptomatic treatment or constant supervision.

Examples of coding as noted above, many factors may be determined by the reporting psychiatrist that cannot be foreseen in such a generalized plan. He will obviously use his judgement as to how a specific patient fits the general intent of the Code system. The use of DSM II is dictated by it being the one officially adopted by the APA, and does not represent any judgement on its general acceptability. Again, it is being used to give some suggestions how the Code system might be

applied. It might be well to repeat that, whatever basis for using a Code number for any specific patient is used, it should be recorded in the psychiatrist's own records, since some form of peer review will probably be instituted. Some examples follow:

1. A brief emotional crisis period might be resolved in one interview, or the severity of the symptoms might require a brief period of intervention for the patient to cope with the crisis and regain his equilibrium. It might be diagnosed "307.3 - Adjustment reaction of adult life." It could then be coded "I". If the same crisis really provoked an underlying neurosis, but with good reintegration, it could be coded "II."

2. A mild reactive depression which in DSM II is coded 300.4, Depressive Neurosis, could use code "II."

3. A patient whose depression was more severe, but not psychotic, could have the same DSM II diagnosis, but be coded "III."

4. Making a diagnosis of 301.81, Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder, with enough interference in functioning could be coded "III."

5. A patient diagnosed Schizophrenic could be coded "IV," "V," or "VI," depending on the severity and interference of the symptoms, the nature of the onset, the response to treatment, or the chronicity and failure of responding to treatment; so could a "paralytic”" conversion hysteric who had been neglected.

If, in special instances, the hazard to the patient of disclosure is exceptional, this should be made known to the Medical Director of the insurance carrier and the necessary information made known directly to him.

Appendix C: Position Statement on the Need for

Preserving Confidentiality of Medical Records in Any
National Health Care System

This statement was approved by the Board of Trustees of the American Psychiatric Association on October 1, 1971, upon recommendation of the Task Force on Confidentiality as It Relates to Third Parties.*

Many approaches to establishing a national health care system are now being considered. Whatever system may eventually be adopted will inevitably entail the collection of intimate and private

*The task force included Maurice Grossman, M.D., chairman; Jack D. Barchas, M.D.; Richard G. Johnson, M.D. and Joseph Satten, M.D.

medical, psychological, and social data concerning those who use it. How these data are utilized can have a tremendous impact on the privacy and lives of identifiable individuals and, collectively, on the entire body politic. Protecting the confidentiality of medical disclosures is especially imperative for those who need and obtain psychiatric treatment, as has already been recognized, e.g., by the laws of many states, in court decisions, and in the drafting of the code of evidence for the federal judiciary.

Two separate bodies of data will be collected.

The first will include identification of the individual in the process of establishing eligibility for treatment and in reporting the treatment process. In our view the confidentiality of these data can be safeguarded by limiting the information disclosed to the least amount necessary for establishing eligibility and by developing methods to control overusage of the system. Review of such identifiable data, if it is necessary at all, should be minimal, and the availability of the data should be confined to carefully selected personnel at the treatment site. Under no circumstances should the data be duplicated and recorded elsewhere or rendered available to groups that are not connected with the treatment situation. The data should be used only to facilitate the treatment process.

The second group of data will be needed for program review, for the evaluation of the efficacy and efficiency of the system, and for medical and administrative research. These data will be computerized.

In the case of program review and evaluation, it will be vital to protect the identity of the patient with reference to the data that are collected and stored. (There can be no objection to identifying providers, individual or group, for whatever review is needed.)

However, medical research will entail the collection of much intimate data on the individual; this will require careful planning concerning how the material is to be stored and who will control accessibility to the data and for what purposes. Specific legislation governing these matters must be carefully framed if the confidentiality of the records of the individual patient is to be fully protected. The framers of national health care proposals should be fully cognizant of the imperative need for safeguarding the confidentiality of medical records in the contexts described here.

Appendix D. Position Statement on

The Role Of Confidentiality In Volunteer Military

Drug Abuse Treatment Programs

The American Psychiatric Association was much encouraged and

57-282 O 76 pt. 1 38

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