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this title, before departing from her loading port or place to provide a ship's record or log book and enter therein a statement of the position of the load line marked applicable to the voyage in question and the actual drafts forward and aft at the time of departing as nearly as the said drafts can be ascertained.

Detention of vessels loaded in violation of sections 88-88i

46 U.S.C. 88f

If any collector of customs or Coast Guard district commander has reason to believe on complaint or otherwise that a vessel subject to the provisions of sections 88-88i of this title is about to proceed on a voyage from a port in the United States or its possessions within his district without conforming to the provisions of section 88b of this title hereof, or when loaded in violation of section 88c of this title hereof, or that any vessel exempted pursuant to section 88d of this title hereof is about to proceed on a voyage from such port when loaded in violation of the laws and regulations of her country with respect to load line, he may serve on the master or officer in charge of such vessel a written order detaining the vessel for the purpose of being surveyed to determine whether or not the provisions of sections 88-881 of this title are complied with. Where the detention is on the ground that the vessel does not conform to the provisions of section 88b of this title, the collector or Coast Guard district commander shall cause an examination of the vessel to be made, and if from such examination it appears that the vessel is not marked with the load line established in conformity with the provisions of sections 88-88i of this title, the collector or Coast Guard district commander shall so notify the master or officer in charge of such vessel and shall detain her until a load line shall have been duly established in accordance with section 88b of this title, provided that in cases of exceptional hardship, subject to regulations issued by the Commandant of the Coast Guard, the collector or Coast Guard district commander may cause a proper load line to be provisionally established by one of the agencies or persons designated under section 88b of this title, which provisional load line shall constitute a compliance with the provisions of sections 88-881 of this title only until completion of the particular voyage in which the vessel is at the time engaged. After such establishment or provisional establishment of a load line the collector or Coast Guard district commander shall appoint three disinterested surveyors to examine the loading of the vessel and to report to him whether such vessel is so loaded as to submerge said provisional load line and if from such report it appears that the vessel is so loaded, the collector or Coast Guard district commander may by written order served on the master or officer in charge of said vessel detain the vessel until she has been reloaded in whole or in part so as not to submerge said provisional load line or lines. Where the detention is on the ground of a supposed violation of section 88c or section 88d of this title, the collector or Coast Guard district commander shall appoint three disinterested surveyors to examine the vessel and her loading and to report to him and if from such report it appears that the vessel is loaded in violation of the provisions of section 88c or 88d of this title, the collector or Coast Coast district commander shall so notify in writing the master or other officer in charge

of such vessel and detain the vessel until she has been reloaded in whole or in part so as to conform to the provisions of section 88c or section 88d of this title. If a vessel is ordered detained by a collector or Coast Guard district commander, acting under the provisions of this section, the master may within five days appeal to the Commandant of the Coast Guard, who, if he so desires, may order a further survey and may affirm, set aside, or modify the order of the collector or Coast Guard district commander. Clearance shall be refused to any vessel which shall have been ordered detained. The owner and agent of a vessel surveyed and found in violation of sections 88-88i of this title or regulations established thereunder shall bear the costs of the survey in addition to any penalty or fine imposed.

Penalties for violations of sections 88-88i; seizure of vessels 46 U.S.C. 88g

(a) The owner and/or master of any vessel subject to sections 88881 of this title and the regulations established thereunder shall be liable to the United States in a penalty not to exceed $1,000 whenever the vessel is found operating, navigating, or otherwise in use upon the navigable waters of the United States, in violation of the provisions of sections 88-881 of this title or the regulations established thereunder, or whenever the vessel, if a vessel of the United States, is found operating, navigating, or otherwise in use upon the high seas in violation of the provisions of sections 88-88i of this title or the regulations established thereunder. Each day a vessel is in violation of the provisions of sections 88-88i of this title shall constitute a separate offense. The Secretary of the Department in which the Coast Guard is operating may assess, collect, remit, and mitigate any penalty imposed under sections 88-88i of this title.

(b) If the master of any vessel subject to sections 88-88i of this title, or of any foreign vessel exempted pursuant to section 88d of this title, shall fail, before departing from any port or place designated in section 88 of this title, to enter in and make a part of the ship's record or log book the statement required by section 88c of this title, he shall for each offense be liable to the United States in a penalty of $500. The Commandant of the Coast Guard may, in his discretion, remit or mitigate any penalty imposed under this subsection.

(c) If any person shall knowingly permit or cause or attempt to cause any vessel subject to sections 88-881 of this title to depart or arrive, or if, being the owner, manager, agent, or master of such vessel, he shall fail to take reasonable care to prevent her from departing from or arriving at any port or place designated in section 88 of this title when loaded in violation of section 88c of this title, or if any person shall knowingly permit or cause or attempt to cause a foreign vessel exempted pursuant to section 88d of this title to depart or arrive, or if, being the owner, manager, agent, or master of such vessel he shall fail to take reasonable care to prevent her from departing from or arriving at any port or place designated in section 88 of this title when loaded more deeply than permitted by the laws and regulations of the country to which she belongs, he

shall, in respect of each offense, be liable to the United States, in a penalty of $1,000 plus a sum computed at the rate of $500 per inch of draft in excess of the vessel's applicable load line unless the vessel's departure or arrival was, under the circumstances, reasonable and justifiable.

(d) If the master of any vessel or any other person shall knowingly permit or cause or attempt to cause any vessel to depart from any port or place in the United States or its possessions in violation. of any order of detention made pursuant to section 88f of this title, he shall, in respect of each offense, be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine not to exceed $1,000 or by imprisonment not to exceed three months, or both such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court.

(e) If any person shall conceal, remove, alter, deface, or obliterate or shall suffer any person under his control to conceal, remove, alter, deface, or obliterate any mark or marks placed on a vessel pursuant to sections 88-88i of this title or to the regulations established thereunder, except in the event of lawful change of said marks, or to prevent capture by an enemy, he shall in respect of each offense be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine not to exceed $2,000, or by imprisonment not to exceed one year, or both such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court.

(f) Whenever the owner, manager, agent, or master of a vessel shall become subject to a fine or penalty by way of money payment pursuant to the provisions of sections 88-88i of this title, the vessel shall also be liable therefor and may be seized and proceeded against in the district court of the United States in any district in which such vessel may be found.

Chapter IV.-OFFICERS OF MERCHANT VESSELS 1 Licensing of officers

46 U.S.C. 224 (R.S. 4438)

The Coast Guard shall license and classify the masters, chief mates, and second and third mates, if in charge of a watch, engineers, and pilots of all steam vessels, and the masters of sail vessels of over seven hundred gross tons, and all other vessels of over one hundred gross tons carrying passengers for hire. It shall be unlawful to employ any person, or for any person to serve, as a master, chief mate, engineer, or pilot of any steamer or as master of any sail vessel of over seven hundred gross tons, or of any other vessel of over one hundred gross tons carrying passengers for hire, who is not licensed by the Coast Guard, and anyone violating this section shall be liable to a penalty of $100 for each offense.

Licenses to officers of vessels of the United States; exemption from draft; pay and pension

46 U.S.C. 225 (R.S. 4444)

All licenses issued to such officers shall be for a term of five years, but the holder of a license may have the same renewed for another five years in the manner prescribed in the rules and regulations of the Commandant of the Coast Guard: Provided, however, That any officer holding a license, and who is engaged in a service which necessitates his continuous absence from the United States, may make application in writing for renewal and transmit the same to the Coast Guard, with his certificate of citizenship, if naturalized, and a statement of the applicant, verified before a consul or other officer of the United States authorized to administer an oath, setting forth the reasons for not appearing in person; and upon receiving the same the Coast Guard official that originally issued such license shall renew the same and shall notify the applicant of such renewal: Provided further, That no license as master, mate, or pilot of any class of vessel shall be renewed without furnishing a satisfactory certificate of examination as to color blindness.

Renewal of licenses

46 U.S.C. 233 (R.S. 4447)

When any licensed officer is employed on a steamer in a district. distant from any Coast Guard official, such official may grant a renewal of his license, without such licensed officer being personally present, under such regulations as the Commandant of the Coast Guard shall prescribe.

1 This chapter contains only those provisions of the navigation laws applicable to officers of merchant vessels which apply directly or indirectly to marine inspection.

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