dia Railroad Company took in 3,036,782 guilders in 1887, with expenses amounting to 1,381,214 guilders, and the state railroads exhibited receipts amounting to 4,397,636 guilders with 2,382,690 guilders of expenses. The length of the state telegraph lines in 1887 was 6,556 kilometres, of which 3,868 kilometres were in Java and 2,629 in Sumatra. The total length of wires was 8,704 kilometres. In connection with the revolutionary conspiracy among the natives of Bantam that was discovered in 1888, there were 204 persons tried, of whom 94 were acquitted, 107 condemned to death, and 3 sentenced to hard labor. Europeans, as well as natives, protested against the execution of the wholesale death sentences, and the Government commuted the punishment. The military authorities have made no progress in the subjugation of Atcheen. The berri-berri and other diseases render operations often impossible. Prof. Pekelharing's diagnosis and preventive and curative treatment have had no favorable results, and a cominission to study the disease that met in Holland disagreed at the beginning of the inquiry. A new treatment by a military surgeon, Dr. Fiebig, is being tested under the auspices of the Government. Entire battalions were rendered useless, not only in Atcheen, but in Soerabaya and other garrison towns. The cholera has become endemic in Soerabaya and other places on the coast. The rebels in Atcheen attacked outposts and patrols, and destroyed bridges, railroads, and telegraphs. The Atcheenese were abundantly supplied with firearms by English traders in Singapore, in spite of the blockade of the coast. In December a cruiser captured a vessel off the coast laden with breechloading rifles, revolvers, cartridges, and kegs of powder. In May, 1889, the garrison at Edi, on the coast, was attacked by a hostile force, and it was only when the Governor had sent considerable re-enforcements that the Atcheenese were driven off after two severe engagements in which the Dutch lost 28 men killed and wounded and of the enemy 160 were killed. On July 25, 1889, the Dutch sustained a severe reverse. A body of Atcheenese attacked the Kottapohama fort with artillery and compelled the garrison to make a sortie on the following day. A stockade was taken, but the troops lost 21 officers and men killed, and 81 wounded. The Government has been desirous of evacuating the country, retaining only one or two posts on the coast, and the young sultan and his party would conclude peace on such terms. The protectorate declared by the British Government over the territory of the British North Borneo Company and the native states of Sarawak and Brunei includes a strip of country on the east coast that is claimed as a part of its possessions in Borneo by the Government of the Netherlands, which also has pretensions to a suzerainty over the Sultan of Brunei and the Sultan of Sulu. The British Government has been invited to terminate the existing uncertainty by a discussion and adjustment of the differences. The colony of Surinam or, Dutch Guiana, has an extent of 119,321 square kilometres, with a sedentary population of 57,141, of whom 23.646 are Moravian brothers, 8,938 Catholics. 6,608 Dutch Reformed, 3,007 Lutherans, 213 of other Christian sects, 1,409 Israelites, 1,629 Mohammedans, 4,731 Hindus, and 114 Buddhists. The capital is Paramaribo, with 27,553 inhabitants. The number of births in 1887 was 1,909; of deaths, 1,503. The receipts of the colonial treasury in 1889 were estimated at 1,426,913 guilders, and the expenditures at 1,628,541 guilders. The Dutch Antilles, or colony of Curaçao, comprising islands of Curaçao, Bonaire, Aruba, a part of St. Martin, St. Eustace, and Saba, have an aggregate area of 1,130 square kilometres and a population of 45,954 individuals. The births in 1887 numbered 1,822 and the deaths 804. The revenue for 1889 is set down as 702,095 guilders. During almost the entire year 1888 and the first half of that of 1889 a continued drought in Curaçao caused a loss of crops and of live stock and a partial famine among the people. NEVADA, a Pacific Coast State, admitted to the Union in 1864; area, 110,700 square miles; population, according to the last decennial census (1880), 62,266; capital, Carson City. Government.-The following were the State officers during the year: Governor, Christopher C. Stevenson, Republican; Lieutenant-Governor, Henry C. Davis, who died on Aug. 22 and was succeeded early in September by S. W. Chubbuck, by appointment of the Governor. Lieutenant-Governor Chubbuck resigned late in November, and the Governor appointed Frank Bell as his successor. Secretary of State, John M. Dormer: Treasurer, George Tufly; Comptroller, J. F. Hallock: Attorney-General, John F. Alexander; Superintendent of Public Instruction, W. C. Dovey; Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Thomas P. Hawley; Associate Justices, Charles H. Belknap and M. A. Murphy. Finances.-The report of the Treasurer for 1888 shows the following figures: Balance on Jan. 1 in all funds, $478,382.09; receipts during the year, $496,519.54; expenditures, $323,741.69; balance on Jan. 1, 1889, $651,159.94. In the general fund alone there was a balance on Jan. 1, 1888, of $146,180.92; the receipts for the year were $221,622.09; the payments were $145,133.98; leaving a balance on Jan. 1, 1889, of $212,669.03. The receipts of this fund included $196,732.61 from the counties for State taxes, and $19,681.92 from the United States Government in payment of Indian war claims. The latter sum is much less than the original claim preferred by the State. The State debt at the beginning of 1889 consisted of an irredeemable 5-per-cent. bond for $380,000 held by the State School fund, of 4-percent. bonds amounting to $119,000 held by the same fund, and of 4-per-cent. bonds to the value of $15,000 held by the State University funds, a total of $514,000. The Legislature at its session this year authorized additional loans from the School and University funds, which will increase the debt by $138,000, if the entire amount authorized is taken. The assessed valuation of the State, exclusive of mining property, was about $30,000.000 for the year. The tax rate was 90 cents on $100. Legislative Session.-The fourteenth legislative session began on Jan. 7, and ended on March 7. Two important acts were passed regulating irrigation. Heretofore, mining has been the absorbing industry, and agriculture has been almost neglected; but of late it has become evident that the prosperity of the State will depend largely upon the success of its farms. In the greater part of the State farming is only possible by means of irrigation. (See IRRIGATION.) This has already been attempted, to a limited extent, but the lack of a general law regulating water rights, providing for the settlement of disputes regarding such rights, and permitting organization in order to secure irrigation for large tracts, has hindered the development of the system. The acts of this year are designed to remedy such defects. One of these divides the State into seven irrigation districts, and provides for the appointment of a water commissioner for each district, who shall divide and apportion the water of the lakes and streams among the ditches leading from them according to the legal rights of each, and who shall see that no water is wasted. Disputes regarding priority of rights shall be settled by the district courts, from which an appeal may be taken to the Supreme Court. The water in all natural streams and lakes, not heretofore appropriated, is declared to be the property of the public and its use a public use. Persons may construct and maintain storage reservoirs for water under the direction of the commissioner. The other act creates a State Board of Reclamation Commissioners, which shall have charge of the development of the public lands of the State and which is specially authorized to expend not over $100,000, in constructing a large ditch or canal from any one of the rivers of the State, with a view of developing the adjacent arid lands. The rate at which the State will let the right to take water from such ditch is fixed. The board is also authorized to divide the State into districts, and to appoint a superintendent for each, who shall have charge of building and maintaining irrigation works therein. The State board may, on petition, submit to any district the question whether bonds of the district shall be issued for reclamation purposes, and in case of a favorable decision, it shall issue and dispose of such bonds, shall have control of the proceeds, and shall direct the manner of its expenditure in the district upon ditches, canals or other works of irrigation. In order to raise the $100,000, the State is empowered to borrow that sum from its School fund, replacing it by 4-per-cent. State bonds to that amount. An annual tax of two cents on each $100, shall be levied to pay the interest and the principal of these bonds. To provide funds for the support of the State University, a loan of $38,000 from the University fund, (90,000-acre grant) was authorized to be replaced by a four-per-cent. bond for that amount payable within ten years. Other acts of the session were as follow: Appropriating $15,000 and $4,687.15 to meet the expenses of the special constitutional election. To prohibit the deposit of sawdust in the lakes and streams of the State, or in any place where it may be carried into them. Defining the term "reasonable doubt," and requiring that no other definition of that term shall be given to jurors by the courts of the State. Repealing the bounty law of 1887. Assenting to the act of Congress establishing agricultural experiment stations. Requiring insurance companies to render annual reports to the State Comptroller. doing business in the State to keep agents in the Requiring foreign corporations owning property or State on whom legal process may be served. Prohibiting the diversion and waste of waters in the State during the irrigating season. Defining actual residence, within the meaning of the Constitution. Closing saloons and gaming houses between 12 o'clock at night and 6 o'clock the next morning. Prohibiting the shearing of sheep within one-half mile of any residence in any city or town. Providing that there shall be no more than 400 voters in any election precinct. To punish the owners or agents of water ditches, flumes, or artificial water courses for allowing the water to run upon any public road. Raising the age of consent to fourteen years. To prevent giving false pedigrees of horses kept for breeding. To prevent trespass by live stock on real estate. Education. At the beginning of this year, the State School fund contained $749,000 in State and national bonds and a balance of $303,760.12 in cash. The University fund (90,000acre grant) contained $43,000 in bonds and $44,513.64 in cash, and the State University fund $22,000 in bonds and $11,259.26 in cash. The income of these funds is available for educational purposes. The amount expended by the State for public schools in 1888 was $61,596.85. Charities.-The report of the State Insane Asylum for 1888 shows that there were 161 inmates at the beginning of the year; 57 were received and 51 discharged during the year, leaving 167 remaining on Jan. 1, 1889. The amount paid by the State for indigent insane during 1888 was $34,306.76. The State Orphans' Home cares for a large number of orphan and dependent children. The cost of its support in 1888 was $11,677.89. Constitutional Amendments.-By reason of the decision of the State Supreme Court, rendered in December, 1888, it became necessary to submit again to the people the eleven constitutional amendments voted upon in the November previous, that election having been of no effect. Under the act of 1887 these amendments could not again reach the people till the November election in 1890; but the Legislature early in its session this year, in order to avoid such delay, passed an act providing that all constitutional amendments then ready for submission to the people should be voted upon at a special election to be held on Feb. 11. Before the passage of this act the Legislature had adopted for the second time three of the four amendments proposed for the first time by the Legislature of 1887, namely, the amendments authorizing the establishment of lotteries, permitting the consolidation of county officers, and making women eligible for school offices. There were therefore fourteen amendments ready for submission to the people at the February election. The greatest public interest centered in the decision upon the lottery amendment, which was defeated by a vote of 3,671 to 4,523. The other amendments defeated were those abolishing the office of Lieu Repealing the act of 1887 for the preservation of tenant-Governor, providing for the care of infirm fish in Humboldt river. and indigent citizens by the State instead of by the counties, and shortening the time required to amend the Constitution. The amendments adopted, with the vote thereon, are as follow: Postponing the meeting of the Legislature to the third Monday of January-yeas, 4,709; nays, 3,229. Prohibiting special laws in certain cases -yeas, 4,215; nays, 3,593. Authorizing the consolidation of county offices-yeas, 4,800; nays, 3,114. Giving women the right to hold school offices-yeas, 4,441; nays, 3,478. Providing for the investment of school funds-yeas, 5,627; nays, 2,575. Permitting an increase of the school tax to two mills-yeas, 4,691; nays, 3,359. It is believed that the election was conducted with entire legality, and that the amendments adopted have become beyond dispute a part of the State Constitution. The Legislature also passed an act this year submitting to the people in November, 1890, the question whether a convention shall be called to revise the entire State Constitution. A similar proposition was defeated at the last November election. The Western Boundary.-A movement was begun by the Legislature this year for securing from California the small portion of the latter State lying between the summit of the Sierra Nevada mountains and the present Nevada boundary. The territory includes the counties of Inyo, Mono, and Alpine, and small portions of several others, and contains not over 1,500 voters. The people of this locality are favorable to the change, being naturally linked to Nevada by situation and by trade. A committee appointed by the Legislature visited Sacramento and laid the matter before the California Legislature, but were unsuccessful in securing any action from that body. On the contrary, it passed a bill directing the Surveyor-General to resurvey the boundary between the States, the result of which was to establish the fact that the former boundary had been incorrectly fixed, and that California was entitled to a strip over 200 miles long and about three fourths of a mile wide, crossing Lake Tahoe, and extending south to Colorado river. Steps were taken by California to submit the matter to Congress and to secure a readjustment of the line according to the new survey. NEW BRUNSWICK. The only change in the government during the year was the resignation of the Hon. Robert J. Ritchie, SolicitorGeneral, and the appointment of the Hon. William Pugsley in his stead. Legislation. The most important general act passed by the Provincial Legislature was the Franchise act, which makes several important changes in the law. By it the property qualification of candidates for the local legislature is abolished, the sole requisite being that the candidate shall be a male, twenty-one years of age, and a British subject. Ministers of the gospel, priests, ecclesiastics, Senators of the Dominion, and members of the Privy Council of Canada, being members of the House of Commons, are ineligible for election to the local legislature; and if a member-elect becomes a candidate for the House of Commons, or sits or votes in the House of Commons, his seat in the local house thereby becomes vacant. Officials under the Government are disqualified from becoming candidates for the local legislatures. The fran chise established by the statute is practically resident manhood suffrage, residence of twelve months in a district being necessary to qualify. A man possessing real estate in a district to the value of $100, or real and personal estate together, or personal estate alone, of the value of $400, or being a professor in a college, or a teacher in a school, or a minister or priest in charge of a congregation, may be registered as a voter. Prisoners convicted of crime, lunatics in the public asylum, and paupers, are disqualified. Judges of the Supreme Court may not vote, nor may sheriffs, except in case of a tie. Only male persons, twenty-one years of age and being British subjects, may vote. A strong attempt was made to incorporate the principle of woman suffrage in the act, but it was opposed by the Government and defeated. The voters' lists are prepared by revisers appointed by the several municipalities throughout the province. At a general election, all the polls must be open on the same day. The first proceeding is the nomination of candidates, who must be publicly nominated at a court held by the sheriff: if more than the requisite number of candidates are nominated, an election is held seven days thereafter. The elections are by ballot. An act was passed in 1889 providing for the formation of limited partnerships, under which two or more persons, after giving the specified notice, may engage in any business as limited partners, each being liable only for his share of the capital, provided the provisions of the act are strictly adhered to, otherwise they are liable as full partners. The published notice must specify the amount of capital subscribed by each partner, and the time for which the partnership is to continue. Acts were passed in amendment of the JointStock Companies act, the Public Health act, the Highways act, and the act relating to minors and apprentices. The most important piece of local legislation was the act to unite St. John and Portland. These cities are at the mouth of St. John river and are geographically one, although for the past hundred years they have had separate gov ernments. St. John was incorporated by royal charter in 1785; Portland became a city only within recent years. After an agitation extending over a long period, a commission was appointed to frame terms of union, and the scheme was submitted to a popular vote and carried by a large majority, whereupon the two cities were united by legislation under the name of St. John. George A. Barker was chosen first mayor of the new city, which by the union became the fifth in point of population in Canada; but he died soon after entering upon his official duties. His successor was W. A. Lockart. Considerable political excitement was caused by the appointment of Solicitor-General Ritchie to the office of police magistrate, and Messrs. A. A. Stockton and Silas Alward, representatives, the former of the city and county of St. John, and the latter of the city of St. John, in the Legislature, resigned their seats by way of protest. The Legislature was dissolved on Dec. 31. Exhibitions. A very successful electrical exhibition was held in St. John in the summer of 1889; also an exhibition of agriculture, live |