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port-Political quacks disturb the States
-Washington urges the States to form an
indissoluble union-The Articles not ade-
quate for their purpose-The drift toward
anarchy - -Movement for a Constitu-
tional Convention-Delegates appointed-
A notable company of statesmen and pa-
triots-Washington made president of
convention-Pen-pictures of the delegates
-The roll-call-Intense political interest
-Proceedings behind locked doors-But
Madison reports for history-Randolph
submits a groundwork plan-Why Rhode
Island alone was not represented-How
the delegates worked-Sentiment for
strong Federal government—Washing-
ton's immortal speech.

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Dr. Franklin suggests prayers-The Sen-
ate-Equal representation-The Vice-
President-Impeachments-Congress reg-
ulates election of its members-Each
House is judge of qualification of its mem-
bers-Pay
Pay of Congressmen - Salary
"grabs"—Separating the legislative from
the executive departments.

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CHAPTER V

THE BUILDERS TOIL ON...

The House originates revenue bills-A
concession to the large States-How the
President may approve or veto legislation
-The most important grant to Congress—
Taxing for "protection" and taxing for
revenue-Direct taxes seldom laid-The
income tax-Once collected, later declared
unconstitutional-The borrowing power-
Paper bills unintentionally made legal ten-
der-A natural power of government not
prohibited is permitted-Commerce regu-
lation, foreign and interstate-A brief
clause with tremendous consequences-Re-
sult of another Compromise-To regulate
commerce-New England agrees to slavery
-Authority for naturalizing foreigners, to
coin money, to conduct postal affairs—

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Great economic value of the patent system
-Congress controls the army pay-Pro-
viding for the seat of government—Im-
plied powers of Congress-Their vast
scope, aided by the "general welfare"
clause-How the Constitution has devel-
oped.

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CHAPTER VI

-

THE STRUCTURE ASSUMES SHAPE.
Limiting the powers of Congress—Impor-
tation of slaves-Period of permission
limited-The habeas corpus - Derived
from Magna Charta-Bills of attainder,
and ex post facto Taws prohibited—What
they are-Direct taxes shall be in propor-
tion to population—Export duties prohib-
ited-Preference for domestic ships-Con-
gress holds the purse-strings-Fear in
1787 of titles of nobility-Limiting the
rights of the States-Nearly all sovereign
powers denied to them-The nation to be
not only a federation-Also to be a consoli-
dation-Some rights expressly granted,
some implied-Convention working with
greater facility-The Chief Executive-
Varied ideas concerning the Presidency—
Thirteen different lengths of term suggest-
ed-The puzzle how to elect-Electoral

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