Theory and Design of Reinforced Concrete Arches: A Treatise for Engineers and Technical StudentsM.C. Clark Publishing Company, 1908 - 126 lappuses |
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a₁ angle assumed b₂ bending bending moment bridges cement center line center of gravity column compression constant Construction contractor Cost crown d₁ d₂ dead load deformation draw elastic limit Engineer equal equation equilibrium polygon extrados fiber of concrete Fiber Stress girder H₁ Hence intrados curve k₂ length lever arm line k k live load load line located m₁ mb.y mid-point modulus of elasticity moment of inertia n₁ neutral axis obtain Ordinates of Type P₁₂ P₂ parallel to ray perpendicular pole-distance Portland cement pounds per square pressure curve R₁ R₂ ray diagram reinforced concrete resultant sand shear span spandrel springing line square foot Table tangent tangential component temperature stresses Tension trados trados Trial T₁ true closing line True T₁ u₁ unit stress vertical Δα
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122. lappuse - The modulus of elasticity of the concrete remains constant within the limits of the working stresses fixed in these Regulations.
113. lappuse - The tensile strength, limit of elasticity, and ductility shall be determined from a standard test piece cut from the finished material. The standard shape of the...
113. lappuse - ... bend cold 180° to a diameter equal to the thickness of the piece tested without fracture on outside of bend.
123. lappuse - If a concrete column is hooped with steel near its outer surface either in the shape of circular hoops or of a helical cylinder, and if the minimum distance apart of the hoops or the pitch of the helix does not exceed one-tenth...
120. lappuse - If loading tests are considered necessary by the Commissioner of Public Buildings, they shall be made in accordance with his instructions, but the stresses induced in all parts of a structural member by its test load shall be the same as if the member were subjected to twice the dead load plus twice the assumed load.
111. lappuse - The mixing must be done as rapidly as possible and the batch deposited in the work without delay. If the mixing is done by hand, the cement and sand shall first be thoroughly mixed dry in the proportions specified. The stone previously drenched with water shall then be deposited on this mixture. Clean water shall be added and the mass be thoroughly mixed and turned over until each stone is covered with mortar, and the batch shall be deposited without delay, and be thoroughly rammed until all voids...
119. lappuse - Finished material shall be free from injurious seams, flaws, cracks, defective edges or other defects, and have a smooth, uniform and workmanlike finish.
109. lappuse - ... the piles shall be driven after the excavations are made. The spaces between the piles shall be filled with concrete, and in case it is found necessary to lay the concrete under water proper appliances must be used to insure its being deposited with as little injury as possible. The piles shall be oak, yellow pine or other wood that will stand the blow of the hammer, straight, sound and cut from live timber, trimmed close, cut off square at the butt. and have all bark taken off. The piles shall...
113. lappuse - The area of cross-section shall not be less than 4 sq. in. The elongation shall be measured after breaking on an original length of 8 ins. Each melt shall be tested for tension and bending. Test pieces from finished material prepared as above described shall have an ultimate strength of from 60,000 to 68,000 Ibs. per sq. in. ; an elastic limit of not less than one-half of the ultimate, shall elongate not less than 20 per cent, in 8 ins., and show a reduction of area at point of fracture of not less...
116. lappuse - INSPECTION. — All material furnished by the contractor shall be subject to the inspection and approval of the Engineer, and the Engineer shall have power to condemn all work which in his opinion is not done in accordance with this contract and specifications.