Trademarks," Washington, D.C. 20231. When appropriate, a letter should also be marked for the attention of a particular officer or individual.

(b) Letters and other communications relating to international applications during the international stage and prior to the assignment of a national serial number should be additionally marked "Box PCT."

(c) Requests for reexamination should be additionally marked "Box Reexam."

NOTE. §§ 1.1 to 1.26 are applicable to trademark cases as well as to national and international patent cases except for provisions specifically directed to patent cases. See § 1.9 for definitions of “national application" and "international application."

(Pub. L. 94-131, 89 Stat. 685)

[46 FR 29181, May 29, 1981]

§ 1.2 Business to be transacted in writing. All business with the Patent and Trademark Office should be transacted in writing. The personal attendance of applicants or their attorneys or agents at the Patent and Trademark Office is unnecessary. The action of the Patent and Trademark Office will be based exclusively on the written record in the Office. No attention will be paid to any alleged oral promise, stipulation, or understanding in relation to which there is disagreement or doubt.

§ 1.3 Business to be conducted with decorum and courtesy.

Applicants and their attorneys or agents are required to conduct their business with the Patent and Trademark Office with decorum and courtesy. Papers presented in violation of this requirement will be submitted to the Commissioner and will be returned by his direct order. Complaints against examiners and other employees must be made in communications separate from other papers.

§ 1.4 Nature of correspondence.

(a) Correspondence with the Patent and Trademark Office comprises: (1) correspondence relating to services and facilities of the Office, such as general inquiries, requests for publications supplied by the Office, orders for

printed copies of patents or trademark registrations, orders for copies of records, transmission of assignments for recording, and the like, and (2) correspondence in and relating to a particular application or other proceeding in the Office. See particularly the rules relating to the filing, processing, or other proceedings of national applications in Subpart B, §§ 1.31 to 1.352; of international applications in Subpart C, §§ 1.401 to 1.482; and of Trademark applications §§ 2.11 to 2.189.

file

(b) Since each application should be complete in itself, a separate copy of every paper to be filed in an application should be furnished for each application to which the paper pertains, even though the contents of the papers filed in two or more applications may be identical.

(c) Since different matters may be considered by different branches or sections of the Patent and Trademark Office, each distinct subject, inquiry or order should be contained in a separate letter to avoid confusion and delay in answering letters dealing with different subjects.

(Pub. L. 94-131, 89 Stat. 685)

[24 FR 10332, Dec. 22, 1959, as amended at 43 FR 20461, May 11, 1978]

(d) A letter relating to a reexamination proceeding should identify it as such by the number of the patent undergoing reexamination, the reexamination request control number assigned to such proceeding and, if known, the group art unit and name of the examiner to which it has been assigned.

(Pub. L. 94-131, 89 Stat. 685; 35 U.S.C. 6) [24 FR 10332, Dec. 22, 1959, as amended at 34 FR 18857, Nov. 26, 1969; 43 FR 20461, May 11, 1978; 46 FR 29181, May 29, 1981]

§ 1.6 Receipt of letters and papers.

(a) Letters and other papers received in the Patent and Trademark Office are stamped with the date of receipt. No papers are received in the Patent and Trademark Office on Saturdays, Sundays or holidays within the District of Columbia.

(b) Mail placed in the Patent and Trademark Office pouch up to midnight on weekdays, excepting Saturdays and holidays, by the post office at Washington, D.C., serving the Patent and Trademark Office, is considered as having been received in the Patent and Trademark Office on the day it was so placed in the pouch.

(c) In addition to being mailed or delivered by hand during office hours, letters and other papers may be deposited up to midnight in a box provided at the guard's desk at the lobby of building 3 of the Patent and Trademark Office at Crystal Plaza, Arlington, Virginia and at the main entrance of the Department of Commerce Building, Washington, D.C., on weekdays except Saturdays and holidays, and all papers deposited therein are considered as received in the Patent and Trademark Office on the day of deposit.

[24 FR 10332, Dec. 22, 1959, as amended at 34 FR 18857, Nov. 26, 1969]

§ 1.7 Times for taking action: Expiration on Saturday, Sunday or holiday. Whenever periods of time are specified in this part in days, calendar days are intended. When the day, or the last day fixed by statute or by or under this part for taking any action or paying any fee in the Patent and

Trademark Office falls on Saturday, Sunday, or on a holiday within the District of Columbia, the action may be taken, or the fee paid, on the next succeeding day which is not a Saturday, Sunday, or a holiday. See § 1.304 for time for appeal or for commencing civil action.

§ 1.8 Certificate of mailing.

(a) Except in the cases enumerated below, papers and fees required to be filed in the Patent and Trademark Office within a set period of time will be considered as being timely filed if: (1) they are addressed to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks, Washington, D.C. 20231, and deposited with the U.S. Postal Service with sufficient postage as first class mail prior to expiration of the set period, and (2) they are accompanied by a certificate stating the date of deposit (see forms, §§ 3.55 and 4.23). The person signing the certificate should have reasonable basis to expect that the correspondence would be mailed on or before the date indicated, the actual date of receipt of the paper or fee will be used for all other purposes. This procedure does not apply to the following:

(i) The filing of national applications for patent;

(ii) The filing of trademark applications;

(iii) The filing of agreements between parties to an interference under 35 U.S.C. 135(c);

(iv) The filing of an affidavit showing that a mark is still in use or containing an excuse for nonuse under section 8 (a) or (b) or section 12(c) of the Trademark Act, 15 U.S.C. 1058(a), 1058(b), 1062(c);

(v) The filing of an application for renewal of a mark registration under section 9 of the Trademark Act, 15 U.S.C. 1059;

(vi) The filing of a petition to cancel a registration of a mark under section 14 (a) or (b) of the Trademark Act, 15 U.S.C. 1064(a), 1064(b);

(vii) The filing of an affidavit under section 15, subsection (3) of the Trademark Act, 15 U.S.C. 1065;

(viii) The filing of a notice of election to proceed by civil action in an inter partes proceeding under 35 U.S.C. 141 or section 21(a)(1) of the

Trademark Act, 15 U.S.C. 1071(a)(1), in response to another party's appeal to the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals;

(ix) The filing of a notice and reasons of appeal under 35 U.S.C. 142 or a notice of appeal under section 21(a)(2) of the Trademark Act, 15 U.S.C. 1071(a)(2);

(x) The filing of a statement under 42 U.S.C. 2182 or 42 U.S.C. 2457(c); and

(xi) The filing of international applications for patent and papers relating thereto.

(b) In the event that correspondence or fees are timely filed in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, but not received in the Patent and Trademark Office, and the application is held to be abandoned or the proceeding dismissed, terminated, or decided with prejudice, the correspondence or fee will be considered timely if the party who forwarded such correspondence or fee (1) informs the Office of the previous mailing of the correspondence or fee promptly after becoming aware of the Office action, (2) supplies an additional copy of the previously mailed correspondence or fee and certificate, and (3) includes a declaration under § 1.68 or § 2.20 which attests on a personal knowledge basis or to the satisfaction of the Commissioner to the previous timely mailing.

(Pub. L. 94-131, 89 Stat. 685)

[41 FR 43721, Oct. 4, 1976, as amended at 43 FR 20461, May 11, 1978]

(a) A national application as used in this chapter means a U.S. national application for patent which was either filed in the Office under 35 U.S.C. 111 or which resulted from an international application after compliance with 35 U.S.C. 371.

(b) An international application as used in this chapter means an international application for patent filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty prior to entering national processing at the Designated Office stage.

(Pub. L. 94-131, 89 Stat. 685) [43 FR 20461, May 11, 1978]

RECORDS AND FILES OF THE PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE

§ 1.11 Files open to the public.

(a) After a patent has been issued, the specification, drawings, and all papers relating to the case in the file of the patent are open to inspection by the general public, and copies may be obtained upon paying the fee therefor. After an award of priority by the Board of Patent Interferences as to all parties, or after termination if no such award is made, the file of any interference which involved a patent, or an application on which a patent has issued, is similarly open to public inspection and procurement of copies. See § 2.27 for trademark files.

(b) All reissue applications and all applications in which the Office has accepted a request filed under § 1.139, and related papers in the application file, are open to inspection by the general public, and copies may be furnished upon paying the fee therefor. The filing of reissue applications will be announced in the Official Gazette. The announcement shall include at least the filing date, reissue application and original patent numbers, title, class and subclass, name of the inventor, name of the owner of record, name of the attorney or agent of record, and examining group to which the reissue application is assigned.

(c) All requests for reexamination for which the fee under § 1.21 (x) has been paid, will be announced in the Official Gazette. Any reexaminations at the initiative of the Commissioner pursuant to § 1.520 will also be announced in the Official Gazette. The announcement shall include at least the date of the request, if any, the reexamination request control number or the Commissioner initiated order control number, patent number, title, class and subclass, name of the inventor, name of the patent owner of record, and the examining group to which the reexamination is assigned.

(d) All papers or copies thereof relating to a reexamination proceeding which have been entered of record in the patent or reexamination file are open to inspection by the general public, and copies may be furnished upon paying the fee, therefor.

[42 FR 5593, Jan. 28, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 28477, June 30, 1978; 46 FR 29181, May 29, 1981]

§ 1.12 Assignment records open to public inspection.

The assignment records, relating to original or reissue patents, including digests and indexes, are open to public inspection and copies of any instrument recorded may be obtained upon payment of the fee therefor. Assignment records, digests, and indexes, relating to any pending or abandoned application are not available to the public. Copies of any such assignment records and information with respect thereto shall be obtainable only upon written authority of the applicant or his assignee or attorney or agent or upon a showing that the person seeking such information is a bona fide prospective or actual purchaser, mortgagee, or licensee of such application, unless it shall be necessary to the proper conduct of business before the Office or as provided by these rules. An order for a copy of an assignment should give the identification of the record. If identified only by the name of the patentee and number of the patent, or in the case of a trademark registration by the name of the registrant and number of the registration, or by name of the applicant and serial number or international application number of the application, an extra charge will be made for the time consumed in making a search for such assignment.

(Pub. L. 94-131, 89 Stat. 685) [43 FR 20461, May 11, 1978]

§ 1.13 Copies and certified copies.

(a) Copies of patents and trademark registrations and of any records, books, papers, or drawings belonging to the Patent and Trademark Office and open to the public, will be furnished by the Patent and Trademark Office to any person, and copies of other records or papers will be furnished to persons entitled thereto, upon payment of the fee therefor.

(b) Such copies will be authenticated by the seal of the Patent and Trademark Office and certified by the Commissioner, or in his name attested by

an officer of the Patent and Trademark Office authorized by the Commissioner, upon payment of the fee for the authentication certificate in addition to the fee for the copies.

(35 U.S.C. 10)

§ 1.14 Patent applications preserved in secrecy.

(a) Except as provided in § 1.11(b) pending patent applications are preserved in secrecy. No information will be given by the Office respecting the filing by any particular person of an application for a patent, the pendency of any particular case before it, or the subject matter of any particular application, nor will access be given to or copies furnished of any pending application or papers relating thereto, without written authority in that particular application from the applicant or his assignee or attorney or agent of record, unless the application has been identified by serial number in a published patent document or the United States of America has been indicated as a Designated State in a published international application, in which case status information such as whether it is pending, abandoned or patented may be supplied, or unless it shall be necessary to the proper conduct of business before the Office or as provided by this part. Where an application has been patented, the patent number and issue date may also be supplied.

(b) Except as provided in § 1.11(b) abandoned applications are likewise not open to public inspection, except that if an application referred to in a U.S. patent, or in an application which is open to inspection pursuant to § 1.139, is abandoned and is available, it may be inspected or copies obtained by any person on written request, without notice to the applicant. Abandoned applications may be destroyed after 20 years from their filing date, except those to which particular attention has been called and which have been marked for preservation. Abandoned applications will not be returned.

(c) Applications for patents which disclose, or which appear to disclose, or which purport to disclose, inventions or discoveries relating to atomic

energy are reported to the Department of Energy, which Department will be given access to such applications, but such reporting does not constitute a determination that the subject matter of each application so reported is in fact useful or an invention or discovery or that such application in fact discloses subject matter in categories specified by sections 151(c) and 151(d) of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, 68 Stat. 919; 42 U.S.C. 2181 (c) and (d).

(d) Any decision of the Board of Appeals or the Board of Patent Interferences, or any decision of the Commissioner on petition, not otherwise open to public inspection shall be published or made available for public inspection if: (1) The Commissioner believes the decision involves an interpretation of patent laws or regulations that would be of important precedent value; and (2) the applicant, or any party involved in the interference, does not within two months after being notified of the intention to make the decision public, object in writing on the ground that the decision discloses a trade secret or other confidential information. If a decision discloses such information, the applicant or party shall identify the deletions in the text of the decision considered necessary to protect the information. If it is considered the entire decision must be withheld from the public to protect such information, the applicant or party must explain why. Applicants or parties will be given time, not less than twenty days, to request reconsideration and seek court review before any portions of decisions are made public over their objection. See § 2.27 for trademark applications.

(Pub. L. 94-131, 89 Stat. 685)

[24 FR 10332, Dec. 22, 1959, as amended at 42 FR 5593, Jan. 28, 1977; 43 FR 20462, May 11, 1978]

§ 1.15 Requests for identifiable records.

(a) Requests for records not disclosed to the public as part of the regular informational activity of the Patent and Trademark Office and which are not otherwise dealt with in the rules in this part may be made by completing Form CD-244, "Applica