ABSTRACT The historical trends, methods, and observations of the courts, legislature and Copyright Office concerning the copyright law in relation to the development and introduction of technological processes and products during the twentieth century are analyzed. The rationale and underlying trends in the adaptation of copyright statutes to new technologies is shown by discussion of key cases. Several suggested mechanisms are reviewed for providing technological expertise to the courts to enable them to respond to the complex technological issues that may arise in copyright litigation. The impact of copyright law upon computerized Scientific and Technological Information Systems (STI) is discussed in the context of data bases and document storage and retrieval. The characteristics and conditions of the use of copyrighted material in computerized STI systems is presented. Blanket licensing, clearinghouses and compulsory licensing mechanisms that might be adapted for the use of copyrighted material in computer systems are reviewed. KEY WORDS: Copyright Scientific and Technological Information Systems Compulsory Licenses Clearinghouse for Copyright Licensing Copyrightable Works Data Bases Full Text Storage of Documents Computer Systems New Technologies Relating to Copyright Uses of Copyrighted Works TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION A.1.3.1 Technological Innovation A.1.3.2 Major Historical Issues A.1.3.8.1 Copyright Protection for Computer Programs A.1.3.8.2 Copyright Protection for Data Bases. A.2.2.1 Copyrightability of Motion Pictures A.2.2.1.1 White Smith v. Apollo, A.2.2.2 Motion Picture Version of Copyrighted Novel. A.2.2.3 Performance Rights in Motion Pictures. PAGE A.2.2.5 Use of Music in Sound Tracks A.2.2.6 Motion Pictures Under the New Act of 1976. A.2.3.1 Right to Record Copyrighted Works. A.2.3.1.2 Copyright Act of 1976. . A.2.3.2 Sound Recordings as Copyrightable Works. A.2.4 RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTS A.2.4.2 Reception of Broadcasts as Performance A.2.4.4 Copyright Act of 1976 A.4.2.1 Computer Programs. A.4.2.2 Data Bases . A.4.2.3 Supplying Copyrighted Documents A.4.3 COPYRIGHT PROTECTION FOR COMPUTER PROGRAMS A.4.4 DATA BASE SYSTEMS. . A.4.4.1 Copyright Protection for Data Bases A.4.4.1.1 Copyrightability A.4.4.1.2 Copyright Notice on Data Bases A-66 . A-66 A-66 A-68 A-69 A.4.4.1.3 Deposit of Copies for Registration A.4.4.2 Compiling Data Bases . A.4.4.2.1 Bibliographic Indexes A.4.4.2.2 Abstracts in Data Bases A.4.4.3 Putting Copyrighted Data Bases into Computer Systems . . A.4.4.3.1 Where Publishers Offer to Supply Machine A.4.4.3.2 Where Publishers Do Not Offer Machine- PAGE A.4.4.3.3 Where Third Persons Offer to Supply A.4.4.3.4 Input of Data Base as Use Subject to A.4.4.4 Output from Data Base. A.4.4.4.2 Extraction of Bulk of Data Base by User A.4.4.5 Exclusive and Compulsory Licenses for the A.4.5 FULL TEXT STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL OF DOCUMENTS A.4.5.2 Input and Output of Documents as Infringement . . A.4.5.3 Input or Output as Occasion for Obtaining License A.4.6 BLANKET LICENSING AND COMPULSORY LICENSING FOR A.4.6.1 Need for Blanket Licensing Mechanism A.4.6.3.1 The Compulsory License for Jukeboxes A.4.6.4 Concluding Comments |