in long overlap type Josephson junctions made out of Niobium Nitride and Niobium. Noise and fluctuations measurements were performed in the voltage state of the junctions biased in a magnetic field. Telegraph noise due to fluxon fluctuations between two energy states determined by the geometry of the junction and the external magnetic field bias were observed. The studies covered life-times of these states, metastability, thermal and quantum mechanical tunneling, and effects of dissipation. At certain bias points of the junction, chaotic behavior which was found was preceded by period doubling bifurcation. Also negative resistance regions were observed; they can be used for amplification. These observations were supported by computer modeling using a perturbed sine-Gordon equation. Fluxon motion in long Josephson junctions provides an excellent system for studies of non-linear phenomena and it has a variety of applications to superconducting electronics. GRA N89-29250# Wisconsin Univ., Madison. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering. VORTICES IN LONG JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS Final Report, 15 Nov. 1985-14 Nov. 1988 James E. Nordman and James B. Beyer 5 Feb. 1989 13 p (Grant AF-AFOSR-0025-86; AF Proj. 2305) (AD-A207936; AFOSR-89-0422TR) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 20/12 The properties of long Josephson junction structures are studied along with the electronic device possibilities suggested by these structures. A large part of the work involved fabrication and modeling. A particular effort was made to build and to understand the basic operating mechanisms of a type of superconducting transistor, the vortex flow transistor. The thin film fabrication techniques were developed using niobium and lead superconductors. GRA N89-29251 Technische Univ., Hanover (Germany, F.R.). Peter Marienhoff 1988 86 p In GERMAN Sponsored by the European Research Office, U.S. (ETN-89-94437) Avail: Universitaet Hannover, Welfengarten 1, D-3000 Hannover 1, Federal Republic of Germany The roughness of interfaces of industrially produced thermal SiO2 on silicon, was experimentally and theoretically investigated. The roughness was analyzed on the basis of the diffraction of slow electrons on single crystal surface using LEED (low energy electron diffraction) reflection and the kinematic diffraction theory. Several models for terrace lateral distributions on linear lattice chains of scatterers are presented; the Markov chains proved to be especially useful. The measured data on two-dimensional surfaces allow an extrapolation to linear chains of atoms. The method was applied to the interface Si/SiO2 of several industrially produced samples with oxide layer thicknesses between 10 and 50 nm. The results show average step distances between 3 and 19 nm and roughness depths between 0.15 and 0.2 nm. Annealing leads to substantially larger step distances. The measured roughnesses are comparable with mobility and transmission electron microscope results. ESA N89-29252# Technische Univ., Munich (Germany, F.R.). Fakultaet fuer Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik. MICROWAVE DETECTION USING JOSEPHSON ELEMENTS Martin Rieger 1988 150 p In GERMAN Models and design methods for microwave detectors with Josephson elements were elaborated. The equivalent electric circuit of the Josephson element is presented. These methods for solving the differential equation system for of circuit containing a Josephson element are outlined: numerical integration, Fokker-Planck method and analog simulation. Microwave detectors with Josephson elements for 40 GHz are optimized for maximum voltage sensitivity and minimum noise equivalent power using the Fokker-Planck method. The experimental results are in agreement with the detector characteristics calculated in the design. The validity of the modeling of Josephson element and detector circuit is confirmed. It is shown that sensitive detection at 485 GHz is also possible. ESA N89-29253# Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales, Paris (France). WEAK BEAM ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF DISLOCATION SPLITTING IN TIAI: RELATIONSHIP WITH PLASTICITY Ph.D. Thesis - Paris-Sud Univ. Gilles Hug 1988 158 p In FRENCH; ENGLISH summary (ONERA-NT-1988-3; ISSN-0078-3781; ETN-89-94815) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 A weak beam dark field transmission electron study was carried out in order to characterize the dislocation together with their fine structure as a function of the deformation temperature. The nature of the Burgers vectors encountered in TiAl depend upon the temperature of the deformation test. As far as the Burgers of superdislocations is concerned four domains are found around room temperature, 600 C, 800 C, and 1000 C. A glissile-sessile core transition explains the flow stress anomaly that appear as the consequence of the loss of mobility of the superdislocations. 77 THERMODYNAMICS AND STATISTICAL PHYSICS ESA Includes quantum mechanics; theoretical physics; and Bose and Fermi statistics. For related information see also 25 Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and 34 Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer. N89-29254# Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Brazil). Inst. de Matematica, Estatistica e Ciencia da Computacao. FIFTH FORCE, SIXTH FORCE AND ALL THAT: A THEORETICAL (CLASSICAL) COMMENT Erasmo Recami and Vilson Tonin-Zanchin 1988 10 p (DE89-611971; UNICAMP-IMECC-RT-22/88) Avail: NTIS (US Sales Only) HC A02/MF A01 In the recent literature, a few claims appeared about possible deviations from the ordinary gravitational laws (both at the terrestrial and at galactic level). The experimental evidence does not seem to be conclusive; nor it is clear if new forces are showing up, or if actual deviations must be accepted from Newton or Einstein gravitation (in the latter case, the validity of the very Equivalence Principle might be on the stage). The problem within the classical realm, by exploring whether the possible new effects can be accounted for through minimal modifications of the standard formulation of General Relativity, in particular, through exploitation and extension of the role of the cosmological constant, is approached. DOE This work has been going on for several years and has encompassed many aspects of the field, including algorithms, machines, theoretical studies and large scale simulations. This last year we made progress in the following areas: studies of QCD including the effects of dynamical fermions, large scale simulations (in particular the calculation of matrix elements for hadronic weak interactions), and in new algorithms. We describe these in this paper. DOE EXC 1 N89-29256# State Univ. of New York, Buffalo. Dept. of Chemistry. ELECTRON ENERGY LEVELS IN A QUANTUM WELL WITHIN AN IN-PLANE MAGNETIC FIELD H. R. Lee, H. G. Oh, Thomas F. George, and C. I. Um Jun. 1989 23 p Submitted for publication (Contract N00014-86-K-0043) (AD-A209351; UBUFFALO/DC/89/TR-101) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 20/5 The exact eigenenergy spectrum of an electron is calculated in a quantum well within an in-plane magnetic field. The numerical solutions for the excited energy states as well as the ground state energy are found for various quantum-well widths and barrier heights. The cyclotron orbits are considerably affected by the quantum well. The energy levels higher than the potential height of the quantum well and the energy levels lower than the potential height of the quantum well show quite different behaviors. These are explained with the properties of the combined potential and the wave function inherent to the system. GRA N89-29257# Universitaet der Bundeswehr, Neubiberg (Germany, F.R.). Fachbereich Maschinenbau. EVAPORATION THERMODYNAMICS OF MONOTELLURIDES OF SELECTED RARE EARTH AND ALKALINE EARTH ELEMENTS, AND AN ATTEMPT TO SYSTEMATIC CORRELATION BETWEEN THE STANDARD ENTHALPIES OF VERDAMPFUNGSTHERMODYNAMIK VON MONOTELLURIDEN A contribution was made to improve the knowledge of the thermochemical characteristics of monotellurides (especially the binary lanthanoide monotelluride) by the determination of the enthalpies of formation, as well as to improve the production and analysis method of these compounds. The fundamentals for the thermodynamical quantities determination of rare earth and alkaline earth elements are reviewed. The determination of the evaporation thermodynamical quantities and the enthalpy of formation of CaTe, SrTe, BaTe, SmTe, YbTe and TmTe 1,30 is outlined. The measurement and thermodynamical interpretation of the dissociation pressure as well as the determination of standard enthalpy of formation using the Knudsen effusion method are presented. The experimentally obtained enthalpies of formation are compared with thermodynamical data calculated from refined, prediction methods. ESA 80 SOCIAL SCIENCES (GENERAL) Includes educational matters. No abstracts in this category. 81 ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT Includes management planning and research. N89-29258# Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge. Lab. for EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONALITY IN DISTRIBUTED Francois Rene Henri Valraud May 1989 155 p Revised (AD-A209167; LIDS-R-1868) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 25/5 A new quantitative methodology is presented for identifying and evaluating the shortfalls and the overlaps between the desired functionality of a distributed decision making system, as characterized by the design requirements, and the functionality of a proposed or implemented distributed system. First, compatible Petri Net models of both the requirements and the system are presented. Second, a correspondence is established between structural properties of the Petri Net representation of the system and the functions it performs. On the performance side, a functionality is defined as a set of coordinated functions that a system must be able to carry out in order to accomplish a task. On the structural side, simple and complete information flow paths, i.e., sub-nets of a Petri Net, are defined. Thus a particular functionality is identified as a sub-net of the Petri Net representation of the system. Algorithms are presented to determine the various simple and complete information flow paths in the nets representing both the system and the requirements. This is accomplished through extensive use of the invariant theory of Petri Nets. The next step is the comparison of the two sets of flow paths to determine shortfall and overlaps. GRA N89-29259# Universal Energy Systems, Inc., Dayton, OH. (AD-A209727; AFOSR-89-0830TR-Vol-2) Avail: NTIS HC A25/MF A01 CSCL 05/1 The U.S. Air Force Research Initiaion Program has sponsored studies in many different areas. This volume is the 2nd of 4 volumes. Titles of reports in this volume include: The Omnidirectional Torquer Experimental Prototype Model 1; Calculation of Nonlinear Optical Properties; Modelling and Prediction in a Nonlocal Turbulence Model; CO2 (001) Vibrational Temperatures and Limb-View Infrared Radiance Under Terminator Conditions in the 60 to 100 Altitude Range; Comparison of SSM/I Rainrates and Surface Winds with the Corresponding Conventional Data in the North West Pacific Typhoons; Development of a System for the Measurement of Electron Excitation Cross Sections of Atoms and Molecules in the Near Infrared; Superconductor Testing; A Form and Function Knowledge Representation for Reasoning about Classes and Instances of Objects; Development and Evaluation of a Bayesian Test for System Testability; Crystalline Silicon Electro-Optic Waveguides; Measurements of a Slot Antenna Fed by Coplanar Waveguide and Solution of an Infinite Phased Array of Slots Fed by Coplanar Waveguide Over a Dielectric Half-Space; A New Measure of Maintainability/Reliability and Its Estimation; Signed-Digit Number System for Optical Adaptive Processing; Implementation of Iterative Algorithms for an Optical Signal Processor; Experimental Evaluation of Imaging Correlography; Interaction of Lasers with Superconductors; and Three Dimensional Thermal Conduction Effects in High Power CW Laser Target Plates. GRA N89-29260# Institute for Defense Analyses, Alexandria, VA. COMPUTER-AIDED GROUP PROBLEM SOLVING FOR UNIFIED LIFE CYCLE ENGINEERING (ULCE) Final Report, Apr.- Sep. 1988 David A. Dierolf and Karen J. Richter Feb. 1989 80 p (Contract MDA903-84-C-0031) (AD-A209446; AD-E501121; IDA-P-2149; IDA/HQ-88-33815) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 05/1 Unified Life Cycle Engineering (ULCE) is a design engineering environment in which the quality of a product is improved by integrating the consideration of the design attributes of producibility and supportability with the design attributes of performance, cost, and schedule. The ULCE program has traditionally focused on developing tools and techniques for a single designer to use to accomplish this integration. The goals of the ULCE program, however, are congruent with the goals of the current simultaneous engineering programs in industry, and industry uses multi-functional design teams to accomplish these goals. It is asserted that the application of computer aided group problem solving technology N89-29261# Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and CALENDAR OF SELECTED AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE Jun. 1989 152 p In FRENCH and ENGLISH Three kinds of events are covered by this calendar: technical meetings, conferences, and symposia; exhibitions and technical displays; and educational courses. For each meeting, exhibition, or course, the following information is given: reference number, data, location, title and sponsor, keywords indicating main topics covered, and contact code for inquiries. A subject index in the form of keywords is given, each keyword being followed by reference numbers of all the meetings relevant to that particular keyword. 82 DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE Author Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. Environmental N89-29263# R. A. McCord and R. J. Olson 1988 10 p Presented at the 8th ESRI Annual User Conference, Palm Springs, CA, 21 Mar. 1988 (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) (DE89-012339; CONF-880385-2) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 Environmental research and assessment activities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) include the analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of ecosystem response at a landscape scale. Analysis through use of Geographic Information System (GIS) involves an interaction between the user and thematic data sets frequently expressed as maps. A portion of GIS analysis has a mathematical or statistical aspect, especially for the analysis of temporal patterns. ARC/INFO is an excellent tool for manipulating GIS data and producing the appropriate map graphics. INFO also has some limited ability to produce statistical tabulation. ORNL's capabilities were extended by graphically interfacing ARC/INFO and SAS/GRAPH to provide a combined mapping and statistical graphics environment. With the data management, statistical, and graphics capabilities of SAS added to ARC/INFO, the analytical and graphical dimensions of the GIS environment were extended. Pie or bar charts, frequency curves, hydrographs, or scatter plots as produced by SAS can be added to maps from attribute data associated with ARC/INFO coverages. Numerous, small, simplified graphs can also become a source of complex map symbols. These additions extend the dimensions of GIS graphics to include time, details of the thematic composition, distribution, and interrelationships. DOE N89-29264* National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC. PATENT ABSTRACTS BIBLIOGRAPHY: A CONTINUING BIBLIOGRAPHY. SECTION 2: INDEXES (SUPPLEMENT 35) Jan. 1989 512 P (NASA-SP-7039(35)-Sect-2; NAS 1.21:7039(35)-Sect-2) Avail: NTIS HC A22; NTIS standing order as PB89-911100, $29.00 domestic, $58.00 foreign CSCL 05B A subject index is provided for over 4600 patents and patent applications for the period May 1969 through June 1989. Additional indexes list personal authors, corporate authors, contract numbers, NASA case numbers, U.S. patent class numbers, U.S. patent Author numbers, and NASA accession numbers. N89-29265# Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA. Distributed database management systems provide for more flexible and efficient processing. Research in object oriented database management systems is revealing an abundance of additional benefits that cannot be provided by more traditional database management systems. The Naval Military Personnel Command (NMPC) is used as a case study to evaluate the requirements of transitioning from a centralized to a distributed database management system. Features and characteristics of both distributed and object oriented database management systems are used to determine the appropriate configuration for different application environments. The distributed and object oriented concepts are evaluated in detail in order to allow an organization to appropriately select the type of system to meet their needs. Transition requirements for NMPC, in particular, are identified and a suggested plan of action is presented. N89-29266# Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA. CONVERSION OF HARD-COPY DOCUMENTS TO DIGITAL FORMAT UTILIZING OPTICAL SCANNERS AND OPTICAL STORAGE MEDIA M.S. Thesis Robert R. Taylor Mar. 1989 120 p (AD-A209473) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 14/3 GRA Storage of hard copy archival paper documents requires vast amount of storage space and time to search and retrieve. Technology exists today to convert hard copy texts using optical scanners and storing in a digital formal on optical disks. An indepth current technology research is conducted of optical scanners, optical storage mediums, and optical information systems. Utilizing the thesis documents presently stored in the library aboard Naval Postgraduate School, as a statistical base, the requirements to convert the thesis documents to digital format is analyzed. It is concluded that an image optical information system is a viable alternate to storing hard copy documents and recommends follow-on research to build an in-house optical information system. N89-29267# Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA. GRA The Information Systems laboratory of the Department of Administrative Sciences has installed a UNIX-based workstation for student use. The UNIX operating system is an attempt to The Navy, through a series of projects and programs, is identifying a considerable number of uses for optical technology. Key commands and Navy projects using optical technology are identified and reviewed. Currently, the Navy has no production capability for this medium nor does an optical production facility exist for classified data. The issue is whether the Navy should develop an optical technology production facility to avoid the use of outside contractors. Current costs for producing compact disk-read only memory and what cost savings might be incurred through the in-house use of this technology is examined. And if the technology were developed internally, questions such as who should manage this program and how should it be managed need to be addressed. The impact and benefits and barriers to developing an optical technology in-house capability in the Navy are summarized. GRA (NAL Proj. CC-9-000) (PD-CC-8903) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 GS-1000 on Autotrol AD/380 provides a 2 1/2D data base whereas MicroCADDS on IE-32C offers a true 3D data base. These two databases have different data structures necessitating the development of software for transfer of drawings between them. These have the following advantages: (1) a MicroCADDS drawing can be plotted on AD/380 Flatbed plotter; (2) autotrol drawing can be shaded and 3D analysis can be performed after transfer to IE-32C; and (3) plotting operations can be switched to the working plotter in case of breakdown of any plotter. Author N89-29271# National Aerospace Lab., Amsterdam (Netherlands). Informatics Div. METHOD BASES: A NEW TOOL FOR APPLIED INFORMATION SYSTEM DESIGN J. J. P. vanHulzen and J. J. Schuurman 1988 (NLR-MP-88002-U; ETN-89-95414) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The method base system (MEBAS), for applications on information processing needed in the industry, is described. This version of MEBAS supports the definition and mantainance of the information describing the methods and the composition of new methods out of existing methods. The use of MEBAS in projects implemeting flow calculation algorithms based on the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations is considered. An evaluation of the facilities currently available in MEBAS shows the soundness of the approach and stresses the identified need to further hide the implementation aspects of software components from the user. ESA N89-29272# Universiteit Twente, Enschede (Netherlands). Dept. of Computer Science. GENERALIZED GRID FILES: DESCRIPTION AND Henk Blanken and Bert vandenAkker Dec. 1988 32 p The generalized grid file (GGF), offering fast single attribute access, is described. The GGF is compared with implementations of the multi-attribute access grid file (GF). The internal and external memory occupation of the GGF directory is shown to be confined and modest for non-uniform data distributions. Assessment of the application of the GGF is given, including the conclusion that the problem of exploding directories, observed for grid files, does not ESA occur. 83 ECONOMICS AND COST ANALYSIS Includes cost effectiveness studies. No abstracts in this category. 84 LAW, POLITICAL SCIENCE AND SPACE POLICY Includes NASA appropriation hearings; aviation law; space law and policy; international law; international cooperation; and patent policy. N89-29273# Committee on Appropriations (U.S. House). DEPARTMENTS OF VETERANS AFFAIRS AND HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND INDEPENDENT AGENCIES APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1990. PART 6: NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION 1989 169 p Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, 101st Congress, 1st Session, 25 Apr. 1989 (GPO-99-598) Avail: Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. 20510 HC free; SOD HC $31.00 Hearings before a subcommittee of the House Committee on Appropriations are presented along with budget estimates for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for the fiscal year 1990. All written testimony and submittals for the record are also included. The budget estimates provide a detailed outline of budgetary information and justifications for research and development, construction of facilities, space flight and communications, and research and program management. B.G. 85 URBAN TECHNOLOGY AND TRANSPORTATION Includes applications of space technology to urban problems; technology transfer; technology assessment; and surface and mass transportation. For related information see also 03 Air Transportation and Safety, 16 Space Transportation, and 44 Energy Production and Conversion. N89-29274# Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA. Marvin D. Redd, Sr. 12 Feb. 1989 28 p CSCL 05/1 In its broadest sense, technology transfer encompasses the collection, documentation and dissemination of scientific and technical information, including data on the performance and costs of using the technology; the transformation of research and technology into processes, products, and services that can be applied to public or private needs; and the secondary application of research or technology developed for a particular mission that fills a need in another environment. The above perspective of technology transfer is a benign one; one which takes place among and between amicable and cooperating sociopolitical, cultural and/or national friends. The following paper examines the more notorious side of the technology transfer issue, with especial emphasis on its practice by the Soviet Union, who through copying, espionage, and blatant thievery, sooner or later acquire western technology for themselves and Warsaw Pact nations. Forms of technology transfer are scrutinized through the use of several case studies and finally the efforts used by the U.S. at deterring this leaching away of one of the bulwarks of western-nation national security are surveyed. GRA N89-29275# Technische Univ., Eindhoven (Netherlands). 1989 319 p In DUTCH (ISBN-90-71617-11-4; ETN-89-94873) Avail: NTIS HC A14/MF A01 The historical evolutions of entrepreneurship and evolution in the Dutch sugar beet industry, in the period 1858 to 1919, are studied. The growth of this entirely new branch of industry in the Netherlands was of an unprecedented rapidity and its newness and technological complexity was no serious obstacle to potential investors. An analysis of the social backgrounds supports the idea that a stimulating enthusiasm of a few appealed to family and group solidarity. Several strategies were used to optimize production. By 1909 the country's largest refinery started to buy sugar factories in order to be partly self supporting in its raw material. The role of technical innovations in the development of the raw sugar industry cannot be separated from non technical elements. Technology transfer from abroad and experiened workers were necessary. The chemical knowledge about the production process was of great help in judging the value of new inventions. 88 SPACE SCIENCES (GENERAL) N89-29276# ESA Technische Univ., Berlin (Germany, F.R.). Inst. fuer Astronomie und Astrophysik. [ACTIVITIES REPORT OF THE INSTITUTE OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS] Annual Report, 1987 [INSTITUT FUER ASTRONOMIE UND ASTROPHYSIK: JAHRESBEREICH FUER DAS JAHR 1987] E. Sedlmayr 1988 8 p In GERMAN (Mitt-9; ETN-89-94419) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 In the research field of stars and interstellar matter, mutual coverages of the planet Pluto and its moon Charon were observed; striation effects in B-stars (poor as well as rich in He) were studied; cataclysmic variables and X-ray double stars were investigated; and the chemistry of interstellar dust formation, dust shells and dust-driven winds were studied. In the field of stellar, dynamic models for elliptical galaxies, synchrotron radiation from galaxies, galactic clusters, and X-ray sources detected by EXOSAT were ESA investigated. illustrations Original contains color (MPE-212; ETN-89-94606) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 The interstellar matter in external galaxies, galactic clusters as astronomical X-ray sources, and the observation of gamma ray bursts of non-natural origin, are reviewed. Plasma physics experiments were conducted in the near-earth cosmic space. Energetic ions and electrons in the magnetosphere and the interplanetary space were investigated, and several theoretical subjects were studied. In the fields of IR- and submillimeter as well as X-ray astronomy, observations were made, theoretical activities were conducted, and instruments were developed. In the field of gamma ray astronomy, flow and burst phenomena were measured, low- and high-energy astronomical measurements were made, and the acceleration of particles in shear flow as well as bremsstahlung in a relativistic plasma were theoretically studied. 89 ASTRONOMY ESA This grant was awarded to develop the necessary hardware to carry out a deep sky survey at the near-infrared wavelength of 2 microns. The grant was also to cover an initial operating period after which funding would be sought from other sources to finish the survey. The survey strategy consists of placing a near-infrared array with a silicon charged coupled readout (CCD) at the focus of a transit telescope on Kitt Peak, Arizona. DOE N89-29279# Astronomische Rechen-Inst., Heidelberg (Germany, F.R.). [ACTIVITIES REPORT OF THE HEIDELBURG ASTRONOMICAL R. Wielen 1987 16 p In GERMAN In the field of astrometry, research activities were conducted for the European astrometry satellite HIPPARCOS, for the completion of a new fundamental catalog for the FK5-stars, and the structure, kinematics, dynamics and development of stellar systems, near-sun star, star clusters, milky ways and galaxies, and galactic clusters were investigated. In the field of celestial |