Had not been made fit organs. These can lie,
Flatter, and swear, forswear, deprave,1 inform,
Smile, and betray; make guilty men; then beg
The forfeit lives, to get their livings; cut

Men's throats with whisperings; sell to gaping suitors The empty smoke, that flies about the palace;

Laugh when their patron laughs; sweat when he sweats;

Be hot and cold with him; change every mood,
Habit, and garb, as often as he varies;

Observe him, as his watch observes his clock;2
And, true, as turquoise in the dear lord's ring,3
Look well or ill with him :* ready to praise
His lordship, if he spit, or but

P― fair,

add a feature of some import, even to a desert; whereas, sterile leaves it just as it found it, and is (without a pun) the idlest epithet which could be applied.—Mr. Pope, too, had an ear for rhythm; and as his reading has some touch of Shakspeare, which the other has not, and is besides better poetry, I should hope that it will one day resume its proper place in the text. Idle, in the line above quoted, signifies, not "barren, unprofitable," but trifling, insignificant. It would be a sin of a very paltry nature indeed, which had not engaged their attention, and been deemed worthy of their practice. In other words, no vice has escaped them.

2 Observe him as his watch observes his clock.] Steevens, who is supported by Whalley, maintains that this line refers to the figure of a watchman, which was placed on the dial-plate of our ancient clocks, with a lantern and pole to point out the hour. I have many doubts whether such a personage was ever so employed; but none as to the fallacy of the explanation. The speaker alludes to the pocket-watch, which, in Jonson's days, was not so independent of correction as at present, but was constantly regulated by the motion of the clock, at that time the more accurate machine of the two.

3 And true, as turquoise in the dear lord's ring,

Look well or ill with him:] Alluding to the fable of the turquoise, which is said to change its colour, as the wearer is in good or bad health. To this supposed quality of the stone, our old writers have

Have an indifferent stool, or break wind well;
Nothing can 'scape their catch.

Sab. Alas! these things

Deserve no note, conferr'd with other vile
And filthier flatteries,' that corrupt the times ;
When, not alone our gentries chief are fain
To make their safety from such sordid acts;
But all our consuls, and no little part

m

Of such as have been prætors, yea, the most
Of senators," that else not use their voices,1
Start up in public senate, and there strive
Who shall propound most abject things, and base.
So much, as oft Tiberius hath been heard,
Leaving the court, to cry, O race of men,
Prepared for servitude !—which shew'd that he,
Who least the public liberty could like,
As lothly brook'd their flat servility.

Sil. Well, all is worthy of us, were it more,
Who with our riots, pride, and civil hate,
Have so provok'd the justice of the gods

We, that, within these fourscore years, were born

innumerable allusions: "Turcois is a compassionate stone-if the wearer of it be not well it changeth colour and looketh pale and dim; but increaseth to his perfectnesse as the wearer recovereth to his health." Swan's Speculum mundi.

Again,

"Or faithful turquoises, which heaven sent
For a discovery not a punishment;

To shew the ill, not make it, and to tell,
By their pale looks, the bearer was not well.”

Cartwright.

4 Senators, that else not use their voices.] The poet has here added the word Pedarii. It is the classical expression for those who never spoke in the senate, but only went over to the side for which they voted: hence they were said pedibus ire in sententiam. WHAL.

1 Vid. Tacit. Ann. Lib. i. p. 3. n Pedarii.

m Tacit. Ann. Lib. iii. p. 69. • Tacit. Ann. Lib. iii. p. 69.

Free, equal lords of the triumphed world,5
And knew no masters, but affections;
To which betraying first our liberties,

We since became the slaves to one man's lusts;
And now to many :P every minist'ring spy
That will accuse and swear, is lord of you,

Of me, of all our fortunes and our lives.

q

Our looks are call'd to question, and our words,
How innocent soever, are made crimes;

We shall not shortly dare to tell our dreams,
Or think, but 'twill be treason.

Sab. Tyrants arts

Are to give flatterers grace; accusers, power;
That those may seem to kill whom they devour.

Enter CORDUS and ARRUNTIUS.

Now, good Cremutius Cordus."

Cor. [salutes SABINUS.] Hail to your lordship! Nat. [whispers LATIARIS.]

your cousin ?

Lat. 'Tis one Cordus,

Who's that salutes

A gentleman of Rome: one that has writ
Annals of late, they say, and very well.

Nat. Annals! of what times?

5 Equal lords of the triumphed world,] i. e. the Roman empire. The expression is fine, and gives us an admirable idea of what every private citizen of Rome esteemed himself, in the times of the republic. WHAL.

P Lege Tacit. Ann. Lib. i. p. 24, de Romano, Hispano, et cæteris, ibid. et Lib. iii. Ann. p. 61 et 62. Juv. Sat. x. v. 87. Suet. Tib. cap. 61.

9 Vid. Tacit. Ann. i. p. 4, et Lib. iii. p. 62. Senec. de Benef. Lib. iii. cap. 26.

Suet. Tib. cap. 61.

De Crem. Cordo, vid. Tacit. Ann. Lib. iv. pp. 83, 84. Senec. Cons. ad Marciam. Dio. Lib. lvii. p. 710. Suet. Aug. c. 35.

Tib.

c. 61.

Cal. c. 16.

Lat. I think of Pompey's,"

And Caius Cæsar's; and so down to these.

Nat. How stands he affected to the present state? Is he or Drusian, or Germanican,

Or ours, or neutral ?

Lat. I know him not so far.

Nat. Those times are somewhat queasy to be touch'd."

Have you or seen, or heard part of his work?

Lat. Not I; he means they shall be public shortly.

Nat. O, Cordus do you call him?

Lat. Ay.

[Exeunt NATTA and SATRIUS.

Sab. But these our times

Are not the same, Arruntius."

Arr. Times! the men,

The men are not the same: 'tis we are base,
Poor, and degenerate from the exalted strain
Of our great fathers. Where is now the soul
Of god-like Cato? he, that durst be good,
When Cæsar durst be evil; and had power,
As not to live his slave, to die his master ?
Or where's the constant Brutus, that being proof
Against all charm of benefits, did strike

So brave a blow into the monster's heart
That sought unkindly' to captive his country?

Queasy to be touch'd.] Nice, tender, delicate.
Thus Shakspeare:

66

"And I have one thing of a queasy question." King Lear, A. ii. S. i. "Unkindly to captive his country ?] i. e. unnaturally; for the word kind signifying nature, with its compounds and derivatives, was thus used by the writers of that age. WHAL.

66

"Let any candid judge," says one of the commentators, com

Suet. Aug. cap. 35.

t Vid. de faction. Tacit. Ann. Lib. ii. p. 39 et Lib. iv. p. 79. " De Lu. Arrun. isto vid. Tacit. Ann. Lib. i. p. 6, et Lib. iii. p. 60, et Dion. Rom. Hist. Lib. 58.

O, they are fled the light! Those mighty spirits
Lie raked up with their ashes in their urns,
And not a spark of their eternal fire

Glows in a present bosom. All's but blaze,
Flashes and smoke, wherewith we labour so,
There's nothing Roman in us; nothing good,
Gallant, or great: 'tis true that Cordus says,
"Brave Cassius was the last of all that race.'

[DRUSUS passes over the stage, attended by HATERIUS, &c.

Sab. Stand by! lord Drusus.

Hat. The emperor's son! give place.
Sil. I like the prince well.
Arr. A riotous youth: '

There's little hope of him.

Sab. That fault his age

Will, as it grows, correct.

Methinks he bears

Himself each day, more nobly than other;
And wins no less on men's affections,

Than doth his father lose.

Believe me, I love him; And chiefly for opposing to Sejanus.”

b

Sil. And I, for gracing his young kinsmen so.*
The sons of prince Germanicus: it shews
A gallant clearness in him, a straight mind,
That envies not, in them, their father's name.

pare Sejanus with the third-rate tragedies of Shakspeare, and he will find it far inferior to the worst of them." The critic had probably just got up from this speech of Arruntius, when he exhibited so notable a specimen of his own candour and judgment.

* Lege de Druso Tacit. Ann. Lib. i. p. 9. Suet. Tib. c. 52. Dio. Rom. Hist. Lib. lvii. p. 699.

Tacit. Ann. Lib. iii. p. 62.

* Ann. Lib. iv. pp. 75, 76.

z Vid. Tacit. Ann. Lib. iv. p. 74.

b Nero, Drusus, Caius, qui in castris genitus, et Caligula nominatus. Tacit. Ann. Lib. i.

De Germanico cons. Tacit. Ann. Lib. i. p. 14, et Dion. Rom. Hist. Lib. lvii. p. 694.