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than 2 blemished units per 1 pound of net contents may be present.

(g) SStd and (SStd-SP) classification. Canned pears or canned "solid-pack" pears which fail to meet the requirements of paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 20 points and shall not be graded above the following stated grades, as applicable, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule):

(1) Halves, quarters, whole canned pears shall not be graded above Substandard and may also be "Below Standard in Quality" for the applicable reasons:

Not well peeled.

Partly crushed or broken.
Unevenly trimmed.
Blemished.

(2) Unpeeled halves, unpeeled whole canned pears shall not be graded above Substandard and may also be "Below Standard in Quality" for the applicable reasons:

Partly crushed or broken.
Unevenly trimmed.
Blemished.

(3) Sliced, diced, mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes canned pears shall not be graded above Substandard and may also be "Below Standard in Quality" for the applicable reasons:

Not well peeled. Blemished.

(4) Canned "solid-pack" pears shall not be graded above Substandard Solidpack.

§ 52.1625 Character-(a) General. The factor of character refers to the degree of ripeness, the texture, and tenderness of the product.

(b) (A) classification. Halves, unpeeled halves, quarters, slices, diced, whole, or unpeeled whole canned pears that possess a good character may be given a score of 27 to 30 points. "Good character" has the following meanings with respect to the various styles of canned pears:

(1) Halves, unpeeled halves, quarters canned pears. The units possess a texture typical of properly and uniformly ripened pears that are properly processed; the texture is fleshy and free from noticeable graininess or toughness; the units are tender; the units are uniformly intact and pliable but firm enough to possess well-defined edges

with no visible breaking down of the flesh; and not more than 10 percent by count of the units may possess a reasonably good character. One unit in a container is permitted to have a reasonably good character if one unit exceeds the allowance of 10 percent by count: Provided, That in all containers comprising the sample, the units with reasonably good character do not exceed an average of 10 percent by count of the total number of units.

(2) Whole, unpeeled whole canned pears. The units possess a texture typical of properly and uniformly ripened pears that are properly processed; the texture is fleshy and free from noticeable graininess or toughness; the units are uniformly intact and firm with no visible breaking down of the flesh; and not more than 10 percent by count of the units may possess a reasonably good character. One unit in a container is permitted to have a reasonably good character if one unit exceeds the allowance of 10 percent by count: Provided, That in all containers comprising the sample the units with reasonably good character do not exceed an average of 10 percent by count of the total number of units.

The

(3) Slices; diced canned pears. product generally possesses a texture typical of properly and uniformly ripened pears that are properly prepared and processed and not more than 10 percent by weight of the drained pears may be disintegrated or mushy.

(c) (B) classification. Halves, unpeeled halves, quarters, slices, diced, whole, or unpeeled whole canned pears that possess a reasonably good character and mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes of canned pears that possess at least a reasonably good character may be given a score of 24 to 26 points. Canned pears that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade B or U. S. Choice, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably good character" has the following meanings with respect to the following styles of canned pears:

(1) Halves, unpeeled halves, quarters, mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes of canned pears. The units possess a texture typical of properly ripened pears that are properly processed; the units may possess a texture of moderate graininess; the units are reasonably

tender or the tenderness may be variable within the unit; the units may be slightly firm or slightly ragged with slightly frayed edges or slightly soft but are not mushy; and not more than 10 percent by count of the units may possess a fairly good character. One unit in a container is permitted to have a fairly good character if one unit exceeds the allowance of 10 percent by count: Provided, That in all containers comprising the sample the units with fairly good character do not exceed an average of 10 percent by count of the total number of units.

(2) Whole, unpeeled whole canned pears. The units possess a texture typical of properly ripened pears that are properly processed; the units may possess a texture of moderate graininess; the units are reasonably tender or the tenderness may be variable within the unit; the units may be slightly firm or slightly ragged or slightly soft but are not mushy; and not more than 10 percent by count of the units may possess a fairly good character. One unit in a container is permitted to have a fairly good character if one unit exceeds the allowance of 10 percent by count: Provided, That in all containers comprising the sample the units with fairly good character do not exceed an average of 10 percent by count of the total number of units.

(3) Slices, diced canned pears. The product generally possesses a texture typical of properly ripened pears that are properly prepared and processed and not more than 15 percent by weight of the drained pears may be disintegrated or mushy.

(d) B-SP classification. Halves, unpeeled halves, or mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes of canned "solid-pack" pears that possess at least a reasonably good character for canned "solid-pack" pears may be given a score of 24 to 26 points. Canned "solid-pack" pears that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade B Solid-pack or U. S. Choice Solid-pack, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably good character for canned 'solidpack' pears" has the following meaning with respect to the styles of canned "solid-pack" pears:

(1) Halves; unpeeled halves; mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes of canned "solid-pack" pears. The product generally possesses a texture of

properly ripened pears that are properly processed as "solid-pack" pears; the texture may be of moderate graininess or variable in tenderness or may be soft; not less than 80 percent by weight of the drained pears are in reasonably intact units and the balance may be mushy or consist of units with hardcalyx ends.

(e) (C) classification. Halves, unpeeled halves, quarters, slices, diced, whole, unpeeled whole, or mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes of canned pears that possess a fairly good character may be given a score of 21 to 23 points. Canned pears that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade C or U. S. Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly good character" has the following meanings with respect to the following styles of canned pears:

(1) Halves, unpeeled halves, quarters, mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes of canned pears. The units possess a texture of properly processed pears which may be variable; the units may possess a texture of marked graininess; the units may be lacking uniformity of tenderness; the units may be markedly firm or markedly ragged with frayed edges or may be soft; and not more than 10 percent by weight of the drained pears may be mushy or consist of units with hard-calyx ends or units that are not tender.

(2) Whole, unpeeled whole canned pears. The units possess a texture of properly processed pears which may be variable; the units may possess a texture of marked graininess; the units may be lacking uniformity of tenderness; the units may be markedly firm or markedly ragged or soft; and not more than 10 percent by count of the units may be mushy or consist of units with hard-calyx ends or units that are not tender. One unit in a container is permitted to be mushy or possess hardcalyx ends or not tender: Provided, That in all containers comprising the sample all of such units do not exceed an average of 10 percent by count of the total number of units.

(3) Slices; diced canned pears. The product generally possesses a texture typical of properly prepared and processed pears and not more than 20 percent by weight of the drained pears may be disintegrated or mushy.

(f) (C-SP) classification. Halves, unpeeled halves, or mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes of canned "solid-pack" pears that possess a fairly good character may be given a score of 21 to 23 points. Canned "solid-pack" pears that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade C Solid-pack or U. S. Standard solid-pack regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly good character for canned 'solid-pack' pears" has the following meaning with respect to the styles of canned "solid-pack" pears:

(1) Halves; unpeeled halves; mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes of canned "solid-pack" pears. The product generally possesses a texture of properly processed pears which may be variable; the texture may be of marked graininess or variable in tenderness or may be soft; not less than 60 percent by weight of the drained pears are in reasonably intact units and the balance may be mushy or consist of units with hard-calyx ends.

(g) (SStd) classification. Halves, unpeeled halves, quarters, slices, diced, whole, unpeeled whole, and mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes of canned pears that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section or that are "not tender" may be given a score of 0 to 20 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). Halves, unpeeled halves, quarters, slices, diced, whole, unpeeled whole, or mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes of canned pears that are "not tender" are also "Below Standard in Quality-Not Tender."

(h) (SStd-SP) classification. Halves, unpeeled halves, and mixed pieces of irregular sizes and shapes of canned "solid-pack" pears that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 20 points and shall not be graded above Substandard Solid-pack, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

LOT INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION

§ 52.1626 Ascertaining the grade of a lot. The grade of a lot of the processed product covered by these standards is determined by the procedures set forth in the regulations governing inspection and certification of processed fruits and

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§ 52.1641 Identity. (a) "Canned field peas" means canned field peas as defined in the definitions and standards of identity for canned vegetables (21 CFR 51.990), issued pursuant to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

(b) "Canned black-eye peas" means canned black-eye peas as defined in the definitions and standards of identity for canned vegetables (21 CFR 51.990), issued pursuant to the Federal Food, Drug. and Cosmetic Act.

(c) "Canned peas" means canned field peas or canned black-eye peas.

(d) "Snap" or "snaps” means a piece or pieces of immature unshelled pods.

(e) "Canned peas without snaps" means canned peas which do not contain immature unshelled pods or pieces thereof.

(f) "Canned peas with snaps" means canned peas which contain pieces of immature unshelled pods.

(g) “Unit" means an individual field pea or black-eye pea or a piece of immature unshelled pod of either.

§ 52.1642 Grades of canned peas. (a) "U. S. Grade A" or "U. S. Fancy" is the quality of canned peas that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a normal flavor and odor; that are fairly young; that are practically free from defects; that possess at least a fairly good color; and that score not less than 85 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(b) "U. S. Grade C" or "U. S. Standard" is the quality of canned peas that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a normal flavor and odor; that possess a fairly good color; that are nearly mature; that are fairly free from defects; and that score not less than 70 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(c) "U. S. Grade D" or "Substandard" is the quality of canned peas that fail to meet the requirements of U. S. Grade C or U. S. Standard.

FILL OF CONTAINER AND DRAINED WEIGHTS 52.1643 Recommended fill of container. The recommended fill of container is not incorporated in the grades of the finished product since fill of container, as such, is not a factor of quality for the purpose of these grades. It is recommended that each container of canned peas be filled with field peas or black-eye peas as full as practicable without impairment of quality and that the product and packing medium occupy not less than 90 percent of the total capacity of the container.

§ 52.1644 Recommended drained weight. The drained weight recommendations in Table No. I of this section are not incorporated in the grades of the finished product since drained weight, as such, is not a factor of quality for the purpose of these grades. The drained weight of canned peas is determined by

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(c) "Normal flavor and odor" means that the canned peas are free from objectionable flavors and objectionable odors of any kind.

§ 52.1646 Ascertaining the rating of each factor. The essential variations within each factor are so described that the value may be ascertained for each factor and expressed numerically. The numerical range within each factor is inclusive (for example, "15 to 20 points" means 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 points).

§ 52.1647 Color-(a) (A) classification. Canned peas that possess a good color may be given a score of 15 to 20 points. "Good color" means that the canned peas possess a fairly uniform color and are typical of fairly young field peas or black-eye peas of similar varietal characteristics.

(b) (C) classification. Canned peas that possess a fairly good color may be

"Fairly

given a score of 10 to 14 points. good color" means that the canned peas possess a color that may be variable and typical of nearly mature field peas or black-eye peas of similar varietal characteristics.

(c) (SStd) classification. Canned peas that are definitely off color for any reason or fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 9 points and shall not be graded above U. S. Grade D or Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

§ 52.1648 Absence of defects-(a) General. The factor of absence of defects refers to the degree of freedom from extraneous vegetable matter, from loose skins and pieces of skins, loose cotyledons and pieces of cotyledons, mashed or broken units, and units blemished by pathological injury, insect injury, or other means.

(1) "Extraneous vegetable matter" means hulls or pieces of hulls, unshelled pods or pieces of unshelled pods (except in peas canned with snaps), leaves, stems, and other similar vegetable matter.

(2) "Mashed or broken" means seriously crushed so that the unit has lost its original conformation or is broken to the extent that a cotyledon or portion thereof has become separated from the unit.

(3) "Blemished" means discolored or spotted by pathological injury, insect injury, or other means to such an extent that the appearance or eating quality of the unit is materially affected.

(b) (A) classification. Canned peas that are practically free from defects may be given a score of 35 to 40 points. "Practically free from defects" means that for each 12 ounces drained weight of units there may be present not more than 2 pieces of extraneous vegetable matter, and the combined weight of all loose skins and pieces of skins, loose cotyledons and pieces of cotyledons, and mashed or broken units does not exceed 5 percent, and the weight of blemished units does not exceed 2 percent of the drained weight of the canned peas.

(c) (C) classification. If the canned peas are fairly free from defects, a score of 30 to 34 points may be given. Canned peas that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade

C or U. S. Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly free from defects" means that for each 12 ounces drained weight of units there may be present not more than 4 pieces of extraneous vegetable matter, and the combined weight of all loose skins and pieces of skins, loose cotyledons and pieces of cotyledons, and mashed or broken units does not exceed 10 percent, and the weight of blemished units does not exceed 6 percent of the drained weight of the canned peas.

(d) (SStd) classification. Canned peas that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 29 points and shall not be graded above U. S. Grade D or Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

§ 52.1649

Character-(a) General. This factor refers to the tenderness and maturity of the canned peas.

(b) (A) classification. Canned peas that are fairly young may be given a score of 35 to 40 points. "Fairly young" means that the units are tender and in a fairly early stage of maturity.

(c) (C) classification. If the field peas or black-eye peas are nearly mature, a score of 30 to 34 points may be given. Canned peas that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade C or U. S. Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Nearly mature" means that the units are fairly tender and may be mealy but not hard.

(d) (SStd) classification. Canned peas that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 29 points, and shall not be graded above U. S. Grade D or Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

LOT INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION § 52.1650 Ascertaining the grade of a lot. The grade of a lot of the processed product covered by these standards is determined by the procedures set forth in the regulations governing inspection and certification of processed fruits and vegetables, processed products thereof, and certain other processed food products (§§ 52.1 to 52.87).

[22 F. R. 3547, May 22, 1957]

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