Right Turn: William Bradford Reynolds, the Reagan Administration, and Black Civil RightsTransaction Publishers, 1996. gada 1. janv. - 499 lappuses In the spirit of the time, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 called for nondiscrimination for American citizens, seeking equality without regard for race, color, or creed. After the mid-1960s, to make amends for wrongs of the past, some people called for benign discrimination to give blacks a special boost. In business and government this could be accomplished through racial preferences or quotas; in public education, by considering race when assigning students to schools. By 1980 this course reached a crossroads. Raymond Wolters maintains that Ronald Reagan and William Bradford Reynolds made the "right turn" when they questioned and limited the use of racial considerations in drawing electoral boundaries. He also documents the Reagan administration's considerable success in reinforcing within the country, and reviving within the judiciary, the conviction that every person black or white should be considered an individual with unique talents and inalienable rights. This book begins with a biographical chapter on William Bradford Reynolds, the Assistant Attorney General who was the principal architect of Reagan's civil rights policies. It then analyzes three main civil rights issues: voting rights, affirmative action, and school desegregation. Wolters describes specific cases: at-large elections and minority vote dilutions; congressional districting in New Orleans; legislative districting in North Carolina; the debates over the Civil Rights Act of 1964; social science critiques of affirmative action; the question of quotas; and school desegregation and forced busing. Because Ronald Reagan and William Bradford Reynolds were men of the right, and because most journalists and historians are on the left, Wolters feels the "people of words" have dealt harshly with the Reagan administration. In writing this book, he hopes to correct the record on a subject that has been badly represented. Wolters points out that, beginning in the 1980s and continuing in the 1990s, the Supreme Court endorsed the legal arguments that Reagan's lawyers developed in the fields of voting rights, affirmative action, and school desegregation. In "Right Turn," Wolters responds to those who claimed that Reagan and Reynolds were racists who wanted to turn back the clock on civil rights, and he describes civil rights cases and controversies in a way that is comprehensible to general readers as well as to lawyers and historians. |
No grāmatas satura
1.5. rezultāts no 42.
. lappuse
... Preclearance 2. At - Large Elections , Minority Vote Dilution , and the Results Test 3. The Debate Over the Revised Section 2 4 . Six Cases 5. Congressional Districting in New Orleans 6. Legislative Districting in North Carolina 7 ...
... Preclearance 2. At - Large Elections , Minority Vote Dilution , and the Results Test 3. The Debate Over the Revised Section 2 4 . Six Cases 5. Congressional Districting in New Orleans 6. Legislative Districting in North Carolina 7 ...
24. lappuse
... Carolina Press , 1990 ) , 138-39 . 3. For examples , see the articles by Matthew Cooper and Abigail M. Thernstrom , cited below in chapter 7 , notes 3 and 4 . 1 Preclearance The Voting Rights Act of 1965 gave the 24 Right Turn.
... Carolina Press , 1990 ) , 138-39 . 3. For examples , see the articles by Matthew Cooper and Abigail M. Thernstrom , cited below in chapter 7 , notes 3 and 4 . 1 Preclearance The Voting Rights Act of 1965 gave the 24 Right Turn.
25. lappuse
... Preclearance The Voting Rights Act of 1965 gave the federal government powerful weap- ons for fighting racial discrimination in nine southern states . In theory , these states had been singled out for special treatment because they met ...
... Preclearance The Voting Rights Act of 1965 gave the federal government powerful weap- ons for fighting racial discrimination in nine southern states . In theory , these states had been singled out for special treatment because they met ...
26. lappuse
... Preclearance did not just happen , " explained Herbert O. Reid , a lawyer for the NAACP . " It resulted from the ' hard knocks ' of experience . " In 1965 Ronald Reagan saw things differently . He stressed that Article I of the ...
... Preclearance did not just happen , " explained Herbert O. Reid , a lawyer for the NAACP . " It resulted from the ' hard knocks ' of experience . " In 1965 Ronald Reagan saw things differently . He stressed that Article I of the ...
27. lappuse
... preclearance , while no such sanction was applied to the District of Columbia , New Jersey , and most of New York . Because of preclearance , every time a southern jurisdiction made an electoral change every time it moved a polling ...
... preclearance , while no such sanction was applied to the District of Columbia , New Jersey , and most of New York . Because of preclearance , every time a southern jurisdiction made an electoral change every time it moved a polling ...
Saturs
25 | |
39 | |
53 | |
69 | |
Congressional Districting in New Orleans | 95 |
Legislative Districting in North Carolina | 113 |
Conclusion to Part I | 133 |
Affirmative Action | 141 |
Endgame | 269 |
Conclusion to Part II | 289 |
School Desegregation | 303 |
Introduction to Part III | 305 |
From Brown to Busing | 307 |
Coercion or Choice The Forked Road to School Desegregation | 335 |
Breaking Away | 363 |
Shaping a New Policy | 381 |
Introduction to Part II | 143 |
The Civil Rights Act 1964 | 145 |
The Social Science Critique of Affirmative Action | 169 |
Charting a New Course The Case of the New Orleans Police Department | 205 |
False Dawn | 229 |
The Nadir | 245 |
Gold Plated Desegregation | 405 |
Light at the End of the Tunnel? | 431 |
Conclusion to Part III | 459 |
The Bob Jones Case | 465 |
Index | 487 |
Citi izdevumi - Skatīt visu
Right Turn: William Bradford Reynolds, the Reagan Administration, and Black ... Raymond Wolters Ierobežota priekšskatīšana - 2018 |
Right Turn: William Bradford Reynolds, the Reagan Administration, and Black ... Herbert Marcuse,Raymond Wolters Priekšskatījums nav pieejams - 2018 |
Right Turn: William Bradford Reynolds, the Reagan Administration, and Black ... Raymond Wolters Priekšskatījums nav pieejams - 1996 |
Bieži izmantoti vārdi un frāzes
1985 Senate Hearings achieve affirmative action argument at-large elections attorney Board of Education Bob Jones Bob Jones University Brief Brown Charles Fried Chicago Circuit Court Civil Rights Act civil rights activists Civil Rights Division Congress congressional consent decree Constitution decision desegregation discriminatory disparate impact district court EEOC employers equal F.Supp federal forced busing Fried Gingles Greene County Griggs groups hiring Ibid insisted integration integrationists January June Justice Law Review lawyers legislation magnet schools majority minority NAACP National neighborhood schools number of blacks opinion Orleans percent plaintiffs political preclearance predominantly programs promotion proportion public schools quotas race racial balance racial discrimination racial preferences racist Reagan administration remedy Republican Reynolds's Ronald Reagan school board school desegregation school districts scores segregation Stotts Supreme Court Library thought tion Treen voters Voting Rights Act Washington Post WBR Papers white flight William Bradford Reynolds workers York
Populāri fragmenti
351. lappuse - States and the well-being of its people, the educational foundations of our society are presently being eroded by a rising tide of mediocrity that threatens our very future as a Nation and a people.
245. lappuse - This amendment supplies that defect, and allows Congress to correct the unjust legislation of the States, so far that the law which operates upon one man shall operate equally upon all. Whatever law punishes a white man for a crime shall punish the black man precisely in the same way and to the same degree. Whatever law protects the white man shall afford equal protection to the black man.
139. lappuse - Racial classifications of any sort pose the risk of lasting harm to our society. They reinforce the belief, held by too many for too much of our history, that individuals should be judged by the color of their skin.
137. lappuse - It reinforces the perception that members of the same racial group regardless of their age, education, economic status, or the community in which they live think alike, share the same political interests, and will prefer the same candidates at the polls.
315. lappuse - Green that school authorities are "clearly charged with the affirmative duty to take whatever steps might be necessary to convert to a unitary system in which racial discrimination would be eliminated root and branch.
215. lappuse - It should be noted, to begin with, that all legal restrictions which curtail the civil rights of a single racial group are immediately suspect. That is not to say that all such restrictions are unconstitutional. It is to say that courts must subject them to the most rigid scrutiny.
148. lappuse - Its effect is prospective and not retrospective. Thus, for example, if a business has been discriminating in the past and as a result has an all-white working force, when the title comes into effect the employer's obligation would be simply to fill future vacancies on a nondiscriminatory basis. He would not be obliged or indeed, permitted to fire whites in order to hire Negroes, or to prefer Negroes for future vacancies or once Negroes are hired, to give them special seniority rights at the...
215. lappuse - The guarantee of equal protection cannot mean one thing when applied to one individual and something else when applied to a person of another color. If both are not accorded the same protection, then it is not equal.
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