scheme is excellent, if it does not become uninteresting.

The printed bedspread is today a force to be reckoned with in the bedroom, and some very charming designs and colorings are to be found in the modern examples.

To my mind the ideal bedroom decoration is a scheme where the ceiling and walls are treated simply in plain colors, with perhaps a small amount of applied ornament in the frieze; and where all the additional details such as furniture, carpet, hangings and covers-provide the necessary ornamentation. This, I know is sometimes difficult to achieve, and not often desirable from a monetary point of view, as one is not always prepared to sacrifice old friends, in both pictures and carpets, to the realization of an ideal such as this.

The living and reception rooms of our houses permit of a more versatile treatment, and successful schemes may easily be evolved out of homogeneous collections of furniture and fixtures met with in the generality of houses.

The Drawing-Room, which is generally the average man's "chamber of torture," is essentially an entertaining room, and for that reason permits of a light and gay scheme of decoration, and this is generally adopted.

Most drawing-rooms are receptacles for all the pretty (or otherwise) bric-a-brac possessed by the household, and these are invariably found displayed on every shelf and table in the room. Woe betide any careless member of the male gender who thinks he can walk or sit about with the same ease as he is wont to do in the dining or smoke rooms! He will generally find the chairs not quite large enough and rather "wobbly," and the freedom with which he is accustomed to stretch his legs or his arms in the smoke-room may result in nothing short of disaster if indulged in amongst the numberless trinkets and more or less artistic rubbish which cover every conceivable projection!

The modern drawing-room is an abomination generally devoid of good taste and common sense. If it has to be a room specially reserved for the reception of the best and most beautiful objects in painting and applied art, laid out for the delectation of our friends and acquaintances, then let it be managed tastefully and as simply as possible; or let it be the actual museum, and pack everything into cases and ticket them, so that people can walk about with some comfort. The drawing-room treatment, if more dainty and chic than any

SANITAS

THE WASHABLE

WALL COVERING

You can sell SANITAS where you cannot sell wall paper, for SANITAS will stand what wall paper cannot.

SANITAS is made on a strong muslin foundation with oil and paints and dull or glazed surface. Many new patterns this spring.

It is waterproof-all dirt and dust can be wiped from its surface with a damp cloth It will not fade. Can neither crack nor tear

You can sell SANITAS for every roomlin the house, but we call special attention to its value in bathrooms, kitchens, laundries, etc., where wall paper is barred.

There is good profit in SANITAS.
Write for samples and terms.

Standard Oil Cloth Co.

320 Broadway, New York City

other room, can also be reasonable and liable.

The walls in this room, perhaps, more than any other, lend themselves to panelling in wood, fabric or paper. Being more of a "showroom" than any other, it is reasonable to expect that things in the way of pictures, furniture and fitments will be chosen more carefully and with a greater sense of fitness than in the room of more everyday use.

If panelling is adopted it should not be such that all the wall ornaments are subordinated to the design or whim of the decorator; nor should the panelling be arranged solely with a view of its fitting in with the furniture and wall ornaments of the room; but a judicious blending of both, coupled with a careful consideration of the room, its proportions and lighting, will ensure a successful decorative scheme.

In this room the decorator has perhaps more opportunity of showing his skill in applying ornament than any other part of the house. The nature of the room permits of a more elaborate treatment, and hand-painted work or stencilling on ceiling, frieze and panels of woodwork may add very much to its interest and richness.

(To be continued.)

as

preliminary statement of the general results of the Thirteenth Census of establishments engaged in the manufacture of paint and varnish has been given out by Director Durand, of the Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce and Labor. It does not include the pigments ground in establishments classified "Kaolin and ground earths," or the blacks made by establishments reporting bone, carbon, and lamp black, as chief products, or the lead and zinc oxides made by lead and zinc smelters. The report contains summaries which give the general figures for 1904 and 1909, and compare the principal products by kind and quality.

Rates of Increase.

The general summary shows increases in all the items at the census of 1909, as compared with that for 1904.

The number of establishments increased 24 per cent.; capital invested, 38 per cent.; the gross value of products, 37 per cent.; cost of materials, 32 per cent.; value added by manufacture, 48 per cent.; average number of wage earners employed during the year, 22 per cent.; amount paid for wages. 32 per cent.; number of salaried officials and clerks, 63 per cent.; amount paid in salaries, 83 per cent.; miscellaneous expenses, 40 per cent.; primary horsepower, 36 per cent.

There were 791 establishments engaged in the industry in 1909 and 639 in 1904, an increase of 24 per cent.

The capital invested as reported in 1909 was $103,995,000, a gain of $28,509,000, or 38 per cent., over $75,468,000 in 1904. The average capital per establishment was approximately $131,000 in 1909 and $118,000 in 1904.

Value of Products.

The value of products was $124,889,000 in 1909 and 90,840,000 in 1904, an increase of $34,049,000, or 37 per cent. The average per establishment was approximately $158,000 in 1909 and ,142,000 in 1904.

The cost of materials used was $79,016,000 in 1909, as against $59,827,000 in 1904. in increase of $19,189,000, or 32 per cent.

The value added by manufacture was $45,873,000 in 1909 and $31,013,000 in 1904, an increase of $14,860,000, or 48 per cent. This item formed 37 per cent. of the total

value of products in 1909 and 34 per cent. in 1904. The value added by manufacture represents the difference between the cost of materials used and the value of products after the manufacturing processes have been expended upon them. It is the best measure of the relative importance of industries.

The miscellaneous expenses amounted to $13,538,000 in 1909 and $9,651,000 in 1904, an increase of $3,887,000, or 40 per cent. Salaries and Wages.

The salaries and wages amounted to $18,649,000 in 1909 and $11,941,000 in 1904, an increase of $6,708,000, or 56 per cent.

The number of salaried officials and clerks was 7,200 in 1909 and 4,408 in 1904, an increase of 63 per cent.; their salaries increased from $5,677,000 in 1904 to $10,378,000 in 1909, or 83 per cent.

The average number of wage earners employed during the year was 14,240 in 1909 and 11,633 in 1904, an increase of 22 per cent.; their wages increased from $6,264,000 in 1904 to $8,271,000 in 1909, or 32 per cent.

(This does not mean that each workman's wages increased 32 per cent., but merely that the total amount paid in wages increased to that extent. This in turn was caused by the greater number of men employed. In 1904 the average earnings of each workman were $540 for the year; in 1909 the average earnings were $580-that is an increase of $40 a year, or about 8 per cent. During the period covered the cost of living increased 20 per cent., so that the wages in 1909 bought less food, clothing and other necessaries than the wages of 1904.

To put it another way, the workers are worse off now than they were in 1905, be cause for every eight cents they have gained in wages they have to pay out 20 cents for the things they must buy.) Large Increase in Pigments and Varnishes.

The total number of pounds of pigments produced in 1909 was 814,566,379, compared with 562,786,177 in 1904, a gain of 45 per cent.

Of this total, 144,472,173 pounds in 1909 and 161,539,201 in 1904 were reported by establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of other products; and 167,

228,514 pounds in 1909 and 189,354,000 in 1904 were consumed by establishments making it in further processes. The figures given in the following text include, except where indicated, the total product both of establishments engaged primarily in making such products and those manufacturing them as by-products. The table of principal products relates only to establishments of the first class, but the items for those of the second class are given in footnotes.

No total figures can be given for paints in oil, as units of measure differ, and there are establishments making such paints as by-products the operations of which would be disclosed. The total quantity can not be shown for white lead in oil as the operations of individual establishments making it as a by-product would be disclosed. There were reported by establishments making it as a chief product, 246,567,570 pounds in 1909 and $216,496,450 in 1904, an increase of 14 per cent. The total quantity of paste in oil reported was 165,038,353 pounds in 1909 and 134,042,000 in 1904, an increase of 23 per cent. Of paint already mixed for use a total of 34,280,417 gallons was reported in 1909 and 22,755,018 in 1904, an increase of 51 per cent.

The total quality of varnishes made in 1909 was 34,009,083 gallons and 19,943,526 in 1904, an increase of 71 per cent. The quantity of this total consumed by establishments where manufactured was 4,407,312 gallons in 1909 and 613,684 in 1904.

Liquid fillers reported as a chief product amounted to 1,159,599 gallons in 1909 and 1,051,148 in 1904, an increase of 10 per cent. No comparison is possible for establishments making fillers as by-products.

The total paste and dry fillers and putty reported in 1909 was 239,898,443 pounds, compared with 69,429,550 in 1904, an increase of 245 pe. cent.

Of water paints and kalsomine, dry or in paste, 27,932,447 pounds were reported for 1904 and 47,465,265 in 1909, an increase of 70 per cent. These are the figures for establishments reporting them as a chief product; no comparison can be made for the product of other establishments.

THE USE OF WATERPROOF FLAT FINISHES FOR COMPOSITION WALL BOARDS.

By FRANK P. FOSTER, JR.

In view of the fact that composition wall boards are gaining a vogue among builders, it is of importance that decorators and painters should become acquainted with the best means for finishing such materials. The Glidden Varnish Company of Cleveland, Ohio, has devoted attention to the development of special materials; among the products evolved as a result of their laboratory research and exhaustive practical tests are a series of waterproof flat finishes adapted to the protection and decoration of composition surfaces such as wall boards. The finishes in question are made in light pink, light blue, pearl gray, cream, medium buff, golden yellow, light green, medium green, green toner, yellow toner, red toner, brown toner and also in white which may be tinted in any shade desired. Besides being of special value for use upon wall boards and other composition surfaces they are also used on old or new plastered surfaces, whether rough, smooth or sand finished, and for metallic ceilings and wainscotings. They produce a soft flat finish and onc that is perfectly sanitary, as it may be washed repeatedly without injury.

A sand-finished surface treated to one coat of Flat Finish over a coat of Glidden's Alkali Proof Wall Size has been found to produce very good results. On the highest class work it is advisable to use two or three coats and to allow from two to three days

between coats, according to weather and temperature conditions. These waterproof flat finishes have excellent brushing properties and covering capacity and flow out with a full, even surface, free from brush marks. Under ordinary conditions their covering capacity is approximately five hundred square feet to the gallon.

In applying these waterproof flat finishes they should be brushed well out over the surface so as to obtain uniform covering properties and it is essential that the surfaces over which they are applied should be dry, clean and well seasoned. Where an inexpensive yet satisfactory job is desired, use for the first coat a mix of half alkali proof wall size and half waterproof flat finish in the desired color, followed by a second coat of straight flat finish. When the flat finishes are applied upon rough or sand finished plaster the material should be worked well into the pores of the surface. Upon smooth white plaster finish a priming coat composed of three parts of alkali proof wall size and one part of the color of flat finish to be used, gives good results. Where two or more coats are desired, use the flat finish just as it comes from the package, allowing plenty of time between coats for thorough drying.

A large, soft black stock brush should be used for applying the wall finishes and the material should be well incorporated by thorough stirring before application. When applying these finishes to wood and metallic surfaces no priming coat is required. All that is necessary is to use the material as it comes from the package, after having taken proper precautions to insure the surface upon which it is to be applied being dry, clean and free from rust, grease and other foreign matter. Before applying the wall fininshes to woodwork all knots or sappy places should be given a coat of pure white shellac. Pure turpentine is used for reducing purposes.

COURT SUSTAINS PATENT.

The Hon. Van Vechten Veeder, Judge of the United States District Court, Eastern District of New York, on February 8, 1912, fully sustained United States Patent No. 714,880, covering modern paint and varnish removers, owned by the Chadeloid Chemical Company. This decision was rendered in the suit of the Chadeloid Chemical Company against the Daxe Varnish Company. The case was a contested one and arguments are re-arguments were heard and exhaustive briefs were submitted.

This is the sixteenth time that the United

States Courts have passed upon the validity of the above patent and the presumption necessarily is that the patent is valid and entitled to the respect of the paint trade. In no case has a Court held against the validity of the patent.

The above case was filed in the United States Circuit Court, Eastern District of New York. The Circuit Court was abolished by statute which went into effect January 1st, 1912, and the above case was transferred to the District Court and decision was rendered by Judge Veeder sitting as a Judge of that Court. This is the first decision sustaining the above patent rendered by the reorganized United States District Court.

BOOK OF WOOD PANELS.

S. C. Johnson & Son, of Racine, Wisconsin, have gotten out a novel and attractive method of showing their products on the actual wood. The panels are pasted in a three-fold cloth binder, which when folded is 11"x53⁄43⁄4".

The binders are so constructed that they are very attractive, and at the same time neat and durable and convenient for the artisan to carry around with him.

S. C. Johnson & Son, have kindly consented to furnish those of our subscribers who wish it, with one of these useful books of wood panels. If you haven't as yet procured yours, drop them a card and they will send it to you promptly, free and post-paid.

FOR PAINTING INSIDE.

See that all woodwork is smooth and without defects, Prime with a primer, consisting of white lead, two-thirds of turpentine and one-third of raw linseed oil and sufficient drier. Leave stand for a sufficient time for priming to get hard; sandpaper and putty all nail holes and imperfections with white lead putty. After putty has hardened, re-sandpaper and coat with white lead, turpentine and add less raw oil than in the priming coat. For the third coat, if the work is to be white, use threefourths of white lead and one-fourth French zinc and turpentine. Instead of oil a white varnish must be used. The fourth coat one-half of white lead and one-half zinc must be used and turpentine and varnish as in the previous coat. The fifth coat must consist of three-fourths of zinc and one-fourth of white lead, including turpentine and varnish. For the sixth coat use pure zinc, turpentine and a little white varnish. Sandpaper smooth between coats.

of