son Richardson and His Works' from which the following is quoted: 'I think that it is hardly necessary to explain that it has never been part of an architect's duty to try to be original in the absolute meaning of the term, or that in these late days of art he could not be so even if he tried his best. A process of intelligent adaptation is that which he must employ, and he has a clear title to be called original whenever he perfectly fits old features to new needs and schemes, or so remoulds an old conception that a new conception is the result not an effective piece of patch-work, but a fresh and vital entity. This last, when we compare the two towers, proved to be what Richardson did when making his so-called copy of Salamanca.'

In regard to the Cathedral at Albany, which was one of his latest designs, his drawings were not accepted because they did not follow the conditions which were laid down for him, but he got interested in the design and went on elaborating it according to his own ideas and for his own amusement. They were a wonderful set of drawings, much finer and more elaborate than had ever been made by an American architect up to that time.

The railroad station at North Easton, Massachusetts, was the first of Mr. Richardson's station buildings, and was copied all over the United States. After this he designed many of the small suburban stations for the Boston and Albany and other railroads.

One thing must be apparent to any person who has studied Richardson's work in comparison with the work of the architects who came after him. Richardson himself, being an artist, gave a personal touch to each one of his buildings which it was impossible for anybody else to copy. This in a way was very unfortunate, as East and West were flooded with buildings which were thought to be Romanesque and Richardsonian simply because they had the round arches in them-whereas every one of them lacked the artistic feeling which Richardson had in his work and which belonged to him alone.

In some of his latest designs he showed a tendency to refine his exteriors, using a smaller scale and refinement of ornament, as shown in the Warder house in Washington. He died at the age of forty-eight, and it would have been most interesting to see if he

had lived what his ultimate work would have been. Other men have lived longer and have built more buildings, but no man had as much influence on the architecture of his time as Richardson. Nos morituri te salutamus!

CHARLES A. COOLIDGE

WILLIAM ENDICOTT, JR.'

1826-1914

ACCORDING to Robert S. Rantoul, his friend, William Endicott, Jr., 'constant for thirty years in his attendance at the monthly dinners of the Saturday Club,' valued highly his association with it. 'For such a club,' wrote Mr. Rantoul, 'to invite one who had no claim to authorship, or statesmanship, or comradeship, but was a simple, unassuming business man, only qualified by keen native wit, a close touch with such careers while in the making as Whittier's, and Lowell's, and Judge Rockwood Hoar's, and Judge John Lowell's, by a very broad intelligence of what was passing in the world at large and a friendly hand for everybody - for such a club to invite him was the compliment of a lifetime.'

William Endicott, Jr., was born at Beverly, Massachusetts, on January 4, 1826, the son of William Endicott, who succeeded Robert Rantoul, Senior, in the store established by the latter at Beverly in 1796. The family was from Dorsetshire; one William Endecotte was a 'full fellow' on the rolls of Exeter College, Oxford, in 1580. The elder William Endicott was of the nearest generation of descendants living in his day from the Colonial Governor, and died at Beverly in 1899. He married Joanna Lovett Rantoul in 1824, and William Endicott, Jr. was their son.

This boy attended Beverly Academy until he was fourteen years of age. Medical advisers questioned whether he could bear the strain at Harvard of preparation for professional life, to which he had been destined, and he accordingly joined his father in business. Charles Fox Hovey, who had just established the well-known Boston firm that has preserved his name, was then building a summer house near Gloucester; and as there was then no railroad to Gloucester, Hovey often stopped and did business with the Endicotts, who were his customers. He soon discovered young Endicott's rare faculty of grasping business problems, and before

This paper is, in large measure, an abridgment of the 'Memoir' by Robert S. Rantoul, in the Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society for January, 1915.

long took him into partnership. No sooner had Endicott found himself in possession of an income than the public spirit which conspicuously marked his whole career began to show itself in his interest in his native town, its concerts, its public library, and its historic Lyceum.

Though disinclined to public life, and steadily refusing to become a candidate for Congress, for which he distrusted his capacity—he was an indifferent speaker, and his voice and presence were not commanding - he took part from time to time in political conventions. For years he was a valued and influential member of the group who from private stations largely governed Massachusetts - John M. Forbes, Henry Lee, Henry L. Pierce, E. R. Hoar, Samuel Bowles, and others besides himself. Among his contemporaries there was no one who could make so telling an appeal to his fellow citizens. When money was needed for any good cause his contemporaries trusted him completely and knew that what he asked for they ought to give.

In 1856, the year before his marriage to Annie Thorndike, widow of John Frederick Nourse of Boston, he was present at the nomination of Frémont in Philadelphia, and again at that of Horace Greeley in 1872 at Cincinnati; and when Butler was seeking the Republican nomination as Governor of Massachusetts, 'Endicott did much,' Robert S. Rantoul says, 'to defeat the struggles of a political ambition which was at last rewarded only by recourse to the support of another party.' Like C. F. Hovey, he was in sympathy with the rising anti-slavery agitation. Before the Civil War he had joined the new Republican Party, and had taken part in the extra-political efforts to save Kansas to freedom; but his sympathies were mainly with the advocates of such steps as Lincoln, Chase, Whittier, Sumner, Judge Hoar, and Governor Andrew proposed rather than with the extremists. It is characteristic of him that his contribution to the statue of Garrison in Commonwealth Avenue was made because of his admiration for a man who could unselfishly support his honest convictions at the risk of his life. His contributions to political campaigns were mostly literary or financial; and his financial papers in the Butler and the McKinleyBryan campaigns, reprinted throughout the country and even in