NKRUMAH'S attacks against Ghana do not

originate exclusively from his Conakry base. The attack is many pronged. As Mr. Harlley has attested: "Another base from which Kwame Nkrumah is operating subversion against Ghana is London. A political party, the People's Progressive Front of Ghana, has been formed there... It has formed an alliance with a "Socialist Defence Committee." The latter named groups mission from Nkrumah is to publish forgeries discrediting the National Liberation Council.

To those familiar with Nkrumah's longstanding relationship with Douglas Rogers, managing editor of Africa and the World, it will come as no surprise that this organ has been chosen by Nkrumah and his Socialist Defence Committee to launch the forgeries and lead the attack against the N.L.C. As Mr. Harlley has stated: "Current issues of Africa and the World are full of defamatory material about members of the National Liberation Council. . ." In fact, Africa and the World in February published an inflammatory special supplement on Ghana which called upon its recipients to protest, in various ways, against the N.L.C.

It is ironic that Africa and the World suggests that protests be directed to the Organisation of African Unity inasmuch as not two months earlier, the same publication had dismissed the O.A.U. out of hand for recognising the new Ghana Government and stigmatised the move as

"a horrifying expression of the depths to which the Organisation has sunk." But, of course, as Nkrumah used the O.A.U. when he chose to or ignored it if that course better suited his purposes of the moment, so it is with Nkrumah hirelingsthey alternate their attacks against the O.A.U. with appeals to it without so much as a blush.

Mr. Rogers, however, is not a man to blush easily and certainly not one to blush about anything he does for Kwame Nkrumah. Mr. Rogers, after all, has been on Nkrumah's payroll as a propagandist in the service of the self-styled "Redeemer" since 1962. In those days, Mr. Rogers was editor of Pan Africa, a journal published in Kenya and ostensibly independent. In truth, however, Mr. Rogers regularly received funds from Nkrumah's Secret Contingency Vote as a subvention for supporting Nkrumah's Policies. In June 1962, Mr. Rogers received £2,394 7s. 9d. in recompense for services rendered to Nkrumah.*

Mr. Rogers' enthusiasm in the service of Nkrumah, in fact, was so unbriddled that eventually he came under fire in Kenya. As he himself reported in a letter written to Nkrumah dated January, 31st 1964:**

"Unfortunately, however, due to certain manoeuvres and political tactics, pressures and criticisms are being directed at me for my conduct of the paper in this way. In particular, I have been attacked for... (1)

•Appendix, Exhibit X. **Appendix, Exhibit Y.

272

failure to press the cause for East African Federation; (2) giving too much attention to you personally, to Ghana as a country and of 'taking the Ghana line'...

"I have, of course, answered all these criticisms logically but matters do not always end with logic and, unfortunately it has now been laid down as the policy of PanAfrican Press that East African Federation should be a pre-requisite of Pan-African Unity. As I do not agree with this definition ('pre-requisite' is a term chosen for my embarrassment) and cannot prostitute my journalistic profession it is going to cause me some difficulties . . .

Mr. Rogers, in anticipation of difficulties in Kenya occasioned by his pro-Nkrumah line, then goes on to outline two new journalistic schemes for Nkrumah's attention and support. The first was a pan-African news service and the second was a "new journal with a title such as AFRICAN AND THE WORLD". Mr. Rogers concludes his proposals to Nkrumah as follows:

"I ask you to give me the opportunity to carry out these projects which I have mentioned. I am glad of the work which I have done here in Kenya and think it has been useful, but I would like to have this wider

opportunity and am sure I would succeed in

it.

I am sure I could make the paper something of which you would be proud, and something which would give service to the spreading of your ideas."

Nkrumah replied enthusiastically* to the idea of a new journal to spread his ideas stating: "Your proposals for an entirely new journal such as 'Africa and the World' have my strong support, and I suggest that you make early arrangements to discuss these further with us on your way to the United Kingdom. Let us hear of your coming in advance."

It was not very long before Nkrumah's spiritual support of the idea of Africa and the World was translated into financial support and the first issue of the new journal appeared in the autumn of 1964. Full details of Nkrumah's financial backing for this journal have been given elsewhere. It should be noted here only that Nkrumah's initial contribution to establishing the journal was £24,000.

In these circumstances it is not surprising that Africa and the World lends itself to circulating inflammatory propaganda against the Ghana Government. For, without Nkrumah's money, this puerile publication would never have seen the light of day nor could it continue to exist.

Appendix Exhibit Z

The facts presented here are being published in order to place in proper perspective both Nkrumah's subversive machinations against Ghana and the subversive exhortations of Africa and the World. They are being published in the same spirit which has motivated publication of the facts about foreign support for Nkrumah's terrorist operations against the people of Ghana. No one in Ghana today is interested in engaging in cold war polemics. The energies of the people of Ghana are fully occupied with rebuilding the economy. But the people of Ghana do bitterly resent that foreign powers and foreign publications, in league with the discredited Nkrumah, should support and be permitted to support aggressive and subversive activities against Ghana.

The people of Ghana resent deeply that, at this time when their full attention should be focused on rebuilding an economy reduced to bankruptcy by Nkrumah's meretricious schemes for projecting himself throughout Africa, they should be required to devote even one unit of energy to protecting Ghana's frontiers against infiltration and attacks or to keep informed of the threatening machinations of Nkrumah and his foreign supporters.

Ghanaians are not worried about the final outcome of Nkrumah's subversive schemes.

The people of Ghana eloquently pronounced their verdict on Nkrumah's despotism when they removed him from power. During the past year, they have upheld their verdict again by exposing and frustrating the various subversive operations Nkrumah has launched against them from his exile. The people of Ghana are prepared to reaffirm their verdict against Nkrumah as long as is necessary to discourage foreign support to Nkrumah's adventurist schemes.

But the burden of deflecting Nkrumah from his insane course should not rest entirely with the people of Ghana. Nkrumah is a problem. for every country in Africa, for although his current subversive thrust is concentrated against Ghana, his historic target has been and continues to be the entire continent of Africa.

This document is intended simply to expose the full extent of Nkrumah's reliance on subversion as a method for achieving powerto document Nkrumah's intention to seize political power-through the use of armed force. While Nkrumah ruled Ghana, his target was other African states; when he lost his base in Ghana, his target became Ghana itself. Who is to say what his target will be tomorrow? If this publication does nothing more than cause fellow Africans to ponder this question, the people of Ghana will be content.