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ucts of the selling producer exclusively as lessening competition.

April 11.-The New York Thirty-seventh Congressional District elects Lewis Henry (Rep.), of Elmira, to succeed Hon. Alanson B. Houghton; the high Republican majority of 1920 is cut from 29,750 to 3,000.

Former Assistant Prohibition Director of New York, Herbert G. Catrow, is indicted for conspiracy to defraud the Government.

In the Illinois primaries, two "dry" Congressmen who voted for the Soldier Bonus bill are defeated for renomination by "wet" candidates.

April 12.-The New York State soldier bonus law is signed, providing $1,000,000 for immediate relief of disabled service men out of employment. April 13.-The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court holds women now eligible to any State office.

FOREIGN POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT

March 15.-The disorders resulting from the South African gold miners' strike are declared definitely suppressed.

March 16.-Sultan Ahmed Fuad Pasha is proclaimed King of Egypt.

The Prince of Wales concludes his tour of India, leaving for Japan on the warship Renown.

At Athens, Demetrios Gounaris forms a new cabinet; he was defeated a week previous; George P. Baltazzis is Foreign Minister.

March 18.-Mohandas K. Gandhi is sentenced to six years' imprisonment in India as a result of his non-coöperative sedition movement against the British Government. Viscount Peel is named as successor to E. S. Montagu as Secretary for India.

March 20.-On the Irish Free State-Ulster border there is extensive guerrilla fighting between Ulster "specials" (police) and Republican insurgents, the latter raiding the north.

March 23.-A new Chilean Cabinet is formed to succeed the one resigned February 3; Foreign Minister Ernesto Barros Jarpa holds over.

March 27.-The Irish Free State agreement bill passes the House of Lords.

March 28. Before the German Reichstag, Chancellor Wirth denounces the Reparations Commission for demanding a tax levy of 60,000, 000,000 marks by May 31 as impossible and presumptuous.

George Michalski, Polish Minister of Finance, announces that on December 31, 1921, the national debt was 534,000,000,000 Polish marks.

March 29.-At Dublin, the Freeman's Journal office and presses are wrecked, supposedly by Republicans; two Ulster special police are killed in ambush at Culloville; 200 Free State troops are put out of Benmore Barracks at Galway by Republican rebels.

In England, 850,000 men are ordered locked out by the Engineering Employers Federation; there is a big strike in the shipyards at Teeside, Middlebrough, Borrow on the Tyne, Jarrow, and Sunderland.

March 30.-At London, representatives of Ulster, the Irish Free State, and the British Government sign an agreement for equal numbers of Catholics and Protestants on Belfast

AHMED FUAD PASHA, PROCLAIMED KING OF EGYPT (With the withdrawal of British suzerainty, the former Sultan or Khedive was last month proclaimed King of Egypt)

police, uniforming and numbering of special police, cessation of Republican army activity, and other provisions for securing peaceful conditions.

The Wirth Government in Germany is supported by a vote of 248 to 81 on its reparation policy.

March 31.-King George assents to the Irish Free State treaty, and the British authorities turn over all powers to Messrs. Griffith and Collins; the House of Lords acquiesces in withdrawing its amendments.

April 2.-At Dublin, 3000 rebel troops of the Irish Republican army parade in defiance of the Free State and renounce the Dail Eireann.

April 3.-Lloyd George, making a notable defense of his Genoa policy, criticizing Labor, and twitting the "die hards," wins a 372 to 94 vote of confidence in his premiership.

Premier Poincaré obtains a vote of confidence, 484 to 78, from the French Chamber of Deputies for his Genoa program.

April 4.-The German Reichstag passes Chancellor Wirth's tax program of January 26, compelling a 1,000,000,000 gold marks loan with interest only after three years, repeal of postwar profits tax, passage of a 2 per cent. business tax, a 40 per cent. duty on coal, and fifty marks duty per 100 kilograms of sugar.

April 11.-The Irish Labor party issues a manifesto protesting against the "rule of gun and bomb" by irresponsible individuals.

Hayti elects Luis Borno as President, to succeed President D'Artiguenave.

April 12.-Chow Tzu-chi, former Minister of

Finance, is appointed Acting Premier of China in the absence of Premier Liang Shih-yi.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

March 19.-The British flag, it is announced, has been raised by a party sent out by Vilhjalmur Stefansson on Wrangel Island, northwest of Alaska.

March 20.-President Harding orders home the American troops remaining on the Rhine.

Washington officials call attention to the discovery and claim of Wrangel Island by Americans, who took possession in August, 1881.

March 21. The United States buys a palace in Forestal Park, Santiago, for the American Embassy in Chile at a cost of $146,000, the first American embassy to be purchased in South America.

March 22.-The Reparations Commission demands of Germany 720,000,000 gold marks cash and 1,450,000,000 gold marks in goods this year, with an ultimatum until May 31 to comply with certain economy and tax provisions, as laid out at the Cannes Conference.

Secretary Hughes demands of the Allies priority of payment for the cost of America's Rhine army, on a parity with them.

March 26.-Allied Foreign Ministers sign an agreement for revision of the treaty of Sevres demilitarizing the Dardanelles; Constantinople and Eastern Thrace are to be held by Turkey; Greece gets Adrianople and the Gallipoli Peninsula; Smyrna is under special régime, but all the rest of Asia Minor is to be Turkish.

March 28.-The Swiss Government sends a 150-page report on the Colombia-Venezuela boundary dispute to the respective parties; the decision in general favors Colombia; a commission is to settle specific frontier questions on the ground before December 31, 1924.

March 30.-Austria, ratifying the statutes of the International Court of the League of Nations, is the sixteenth nation to sign the obligatory jurisdiction clause.

April 1.-The Panama Government assigns a $500,000 site to the Gorgas Memorial Institute.

April 3.-Japanese forces report an attack by Chita troops near Spasskoye, after a demand by the Japanese that the Far Eastern Republic troops disarm.

April 4.-Great Britain notifies France that upon demand by the United States for interest on British war debts, Britain will require France to pay interest to her on French war debts.

April 6.-General Gregory Semenoff, the former Siberian anti-Bolshevik leader, is arrested in a civil debt action on his arrival at New York City.

April 7.-Britain concedes the right of the American Standard Oil Company to explore in Palestine mandate territory for oil.

April 8.-Turkey accepts the Allied armistice proposals and will begin negotiations in three weeks to end fighting with Greece, asking that the evacuated Greek army be not transferred to Thrace; the French and British governments require the Turkish Nationalists at Angora to accept in principle before asking Greece to evacuate Smyrna.

At Rome, the conference of the Succession States ends successfully, with forty treaties on national debts, pensions, and so forth, between former constituent parts of the old AustroHungarian Empire.

April 9.-Shantung evacuation is begun by Japan, with the departure of 500 troops from Tsingtao.

April 10.-An economic conference is opened at Genoa, with delegates from Germany and

THE MONUMENT TO ADMIRAL PEARY IN THE ARLINGTON NATIONAL CEMETERY, UNVEILED ON APRIL 6, THE THIRTEENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DISCOVERY OF THE NORTH POLE

Russia as well as from the Allied nations; the Italian premier, Facta, presides; Lloyd George says: "Europe needs quiet; we can get peace if we act together, but not if we act in a spirit of greedy vigilance over selfish interests." . . . M. Barthou of France refuses to consider M. Tchitcherin's Bolshevist suggestions for general reduction of armies.

Germany, replying to the Reparations Commission's demands, refuses to create new taxes of 60,000,000 marks or submit to financial control by the Allies, but offers to furnish any information desired.

April 11.-At Genoa, M. Tchitcherin objects to Japanese and Rumanian participation, but is overruled by Lloyd George. . . . The report of Allied experts who met at London outlining plans for restoring Russia and Europe financially is handed to Tchitcherin; it provides for recognition of financial engagements of all Russian governments and authorities, fundamental changes of laws, and protection of foreigners.

Great Britain lines up with France

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and Belgium in disclaiming in separate notes any desire to question the United States' claim for reimbursement of the Rhine army costs on a parity with the Allies.

April 12.-The Prince of Wales arrives at Tokio.

OTHER OCCURRENCES OF THE MONTH March 15.-Anthracite coal miners and operators confer at New York City on a wage agreement to replace that expiring March 31.

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March 16.-At Buffalo, N. Y., thirty railroad detectives, saloonkeepers, and merchants accused of freight thefts amounting to $6,000,000 in the past three years; arrests are made.

March 21.-John L. Lewis, president of the United Mine Workers of America, issues official orders to 600,000 men to stop work in the coal mines of the United States and Canada.

March 23.-The British submarine H-12 is rammed by the destroyer Versatile and sunk with all hands.

March 24.-The Ford automobile plant announces a permanent policy of a forty-hour, fiveday week.

March 25.-A bottle is picked up off Cape Lookout Lighthouse containing a note which states that the U. S. collier Cyclops was sunk by a German submarine in 1918.

March 29. The last consignment of soldier dead arrives at New York; 45,000 bodies have been brought back from Europe.

Railroad engineers and firemen fail to agree on wages with the managements, and the Railroad Labor Board sets a hearing after April 15. The Census Bureau announces that foreignborn residents who do not speak English compose 11 per cent. of the United States population.

March 30.-Two Portuguese aviators, Captains Sacadura and Contino, fly from Lisbon to Las Palmas, Canary Islands, on the way to Brazil.

March 31.-Coal miners numbering 600,000 go on strike thoughout the United States, leaving engineers and pumpmen at the mines to protect property; 6000 mines are closed.

April 5.-The two Portuguese aviators fly from the Canary Islands to the Cape Verde Islands, on their way to Brazil.

April 7.-Two airplanes in the Paris-London air passenger service collide and crash to earth at Grandvilliers; seven are killed.

April 8.-In Texas, tornadoes and rainstorms cause over a hundred casulaties with seventeen deaths; Oklahoma and Arkansas also suffer.

April 10.-While the thermometer at New York reaches 82° and at Boston touches 85°, Leadville, Colo., reports 8° above zero, and an eightinch snowfall is reported from Lander, Wyo.

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March 28.-N. Naboukoff, former Russian Secretary of State under Prince Lvoff. . . . Edwin Upton Curtis, Boston Police Commissioner, Henry P. Nawn, Boston subway

61.

builder, 66. March 29.-José Rufina Bezerra, Brazilian sugar king, Governor of Pernambuco.

March 30.-Pedersen Myskov, Speaker of the Danish Folketing since 1913.

April 1.-Charles I, the deposed Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary, 35. Jean Note, famous Belgian baritone, 63. . . Gertrude Page, English novelist.

April 3.-Cyrus Northrop, president emeritus of the University of Minnesota, 88. Rev. Archibald Giekie Brown, widely known Baptist clergyman of London, 77.

April 5. Frederic Villiers, noted war correspondent and artist, 70. Baron Woeste, Minister of State for Belgium. William Sampson, comedian and character actor, 63. . . . John H. Murphy, publisher of the Afro-American, of Baltimore, 81.

April 7.-Charles L. Seabury, marine architect, 61. Brig.-Gen. John Milton Thompson, U. S. A., retired, 79. James C. Jenkins, former Philippine jurist, 69. Alfred Venn Dicey, noted Oxford professor, 87. April 8.-Matteo Bensman, Russian composer, 45. Dr. Henry Lowndes Lynah, noted throat specialist, 43. Mrs. Elizabeth Campbell Winter, actress and author. . . William Warner, Pittsfield (Mass.), naturalist, 82.

April 9.-General Erich von Falkenhayn, former German Minister of War and Chief of Staff, 62. . . . Sir Patrick Manson, noted English parasitologist, 78.

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April 10.-Irving Webster Drew, of Lancaster, N. H., former United States Senator, 77.. Charles Montgomery Benton, well-known financial publisher, 62. Mrs. Marion Howe Hall, of High Bridge, N. J., author and suffragist, 77. April 11.-Michael H. Walsh, of Woods Hole, Mass., originator of rambler roses, 74. April 12.-Henry Merwin Shrady, noted American sculptor, 51 (see page 470). William Newton Best, inventor, 62.

April 13.-Sir Ross Smith, noted English aviator, who flew from England to Australia for the first time. . . . Representative Samuel Mitchell Brinson, of the Third Congressional District of North Carolina, 50. . . . Thomas Burt, British labor leader, 84.

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In the French cartoon above, the reader will recognize the gagged figures of Poincaré and Lloyd George playing cards, while on the opposite side of the table are persons representing nations more or less outside the inner circle in European affairs-including the United States, Germany, Russia, and Turkey. The placards read: "Silence on disarmament!"; "No mention of the Versailles Treaty!"; "Attention to the question of Debts!"; "Be careful of the Orient!"; "Do not speak slightingly of the Soviets!"

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A NEW POWER IN EUROPE-THE "LITTLE ENTENTE"

[With Premier Benes (or Benesch) of Czechoslovakia as spokesman; the other countries being Jugoslavia, Rumania, and Poland]

From Kikeriki (Vienna, Austria)

COLLECTING EUROPE'S DEBT TO AMERICA UNCLE SAM: "I divide the European debt into twenty-five parts, and collect one each year." WILSON: "And at the end of twenty-five years?" UNCLE SAM: "I have a clean table."

From Mucha (Warsaw, Poland)

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