EXTENSION SERVICE

The new agricultural extension service, conducted in cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture, has received its full quota of Federal-aid funds, and in every way the University of Hawaii is regarded by Federal authorities as on a parity with mainland universities.

Several interesting research projects have been in progress on the university farm, including the utilization of local feeds for dairy cattle, hogs, and poultry. The pigeon pea continues to increase in importance as a cattle feed, and more breeding work on this plant has been in progress. How to reduce disease and mortality among baby chicks has been pretty well worked out by the poultry division, so that the cost of producing chickens and eggs may be materially reduced.

PUBLIC LIBRARIES

The adult circulation of the library of Hawaii increased over that of the year before by 23,224. The books borrowed from the main library, including adult and juvenile, numbered 385,086. The number circulated through the stations was 326,719, making a total of 711,805 books borrowed from the main library and its agencies. There are now 1,649 more borrowers than on June 30, 1928. The adult readers number 13,576 and the children 7,455, making a total of 21,031.

The boys' and girls' department has gained more than 300 borrowers in the past year, in all a total of 7,455 children making use of the books in this room. The children's librarian has been called upon to talk on the subject of children's books to various groups and she had also prepared many reading lists for parents and teachers.

Ten new stations, including the Queen's Hospital library, were added during the year, five for adults and five for children. Four of the adult stations added are for the Army, Navy, or Marine Corps and all were placed in response to urgent appeals for books.

There were 13,112 new books cataloged and 6,037 had to be recorded lost and paid for, missing at inventory, or discarded. The total number of books in the library on June 30, 1929, was 94,383. During the year 2,912 books were rebound and 15,506 were repaired at the library.

The Hilo Library has 36,181 books, 6,080 card holders, and a circulation of 100,979 books from the main desk. From the branches 32,217 books were circulated and from the school department 87,846 books were circulated. During the year a new addition was completed, also a branch building located at Kohala.

The high light of the Maui County Free Library for the past year was the opening of a new building for which the 1927 legislature appropriated $75,000. This library has on hand 26,538 books and 2,379 card holders. There were circulated through the schools 76,993 books; through the main library, 49,329; and through the branches, 22,860.

The Kauai Public Library Association (Ltd.) reports a circulation of 155,965 and 2,723 books on hand.

PUBLIC ARCHIVES

The board of commissioners of public archives was created by Act 24, Session Laws of 1905.

Archival history of the Hawaiian Islands contained in the Archives of Hawaii has been carried back to 1779 (the year in which Captain Cook, discoverer of the Hawaiian Islands, met his death at Kealakekua Bay) through the filing of a document bearing the autographed signature of the Earl of Sandwich, after whom the archipelago was named.

Additional and rare material has been added to fill in the history interval between the discovery of Hawaii and the inauguration of the monarchy in 1795, through the establishment in the archives of the "Captain Cook Memorial Collection."

During the past year presidential proclamations and Executive ordinances dated at Washington, all having reference to public and private lands in the Hawaiian Islands, have been compiled and indexed. These proclamations and ordinances are constantly being referred to and have now been properly examined and indexed.

Compilations prepared in this bureau and on file include:

Roster of legislatures from 1841 to 1918; valuable records which include the speeches of the royal rulers, the president of the Republic and governors at each legislative session; the list of legislators of each session; The History of the Introduction of Foreign Labor, Washington Place, and "Iolani Palace."

Scores of letters, documents, pamphlets, broadsides, photographs, royal commissions, old newspapers, and a vast amount of rare archival material were added to the files.

Translations from Hawaiian into English have been made from certain sets of documents, including the records of King Kalakaua "Hale Naua" society; minutes of the Hawaii National Committee of 1890; and a collection of ancient Hawaiian meles and chants.

BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS

The Girls' Industrial School has been moved from the old Moiliili plant in Honolulu to a new modern plant at Maunawili, Oahu. This new "home" is a credit to any community and surely an asset to the Territory at large. The most modern ideas in institutional equipment have been incorporated in it.

The Boys' School is caring for 217 boys, the largest number ever accommodated in the history of the institution.

The 124 commitments to the Boys' School were classified racially as follows:

Nineteen came from the island of Hawaii, 10 from Maui, 82 from

Oahu, and 13 from Kauai.

Filipino-Portuguese..

The boys were committed for offenses as follows: Sodomy, 1; delinquency, 10; waywardness, 18; disobedience, 1; stealing, 26; incorrigible, 17; burglary, 8; malicious conversion, 8; sexual intercourse, 2; petit larceny, 21; gambling, 3; lewd-lascivious manner, 1; robbery, 3; assault, 1; truancy, 2; indecent action, 2; total, 124. There were 99 boys paroled during the year and 18 released due to terms expiring.

The girls were committed for offenses as follows: Immorality, 17; incorrigible, 14; irresponsible, 1; delinquent, 9; dependent, 11; wayward, 1; stealing, 2; forgery, 1; larceny, 2; burglary, 1; assault, 1; and dependent and delinquent, 1; total, 61.

There were 119 girls in the school on June 30, 1929, 61 having been received during the year, racially classified as follows: Hawaiian, 16; part Hawaiian, 12; Portuguese, 5; Porto Rican, 5; Japanese, 3; Chinese, 4; Filipino, 9; Korean, 1; Negro-Porto Rican, 1; NegroPortuguese, 1; Korean-Porto Rican, 1; all others, 3.

The religion of those received is: Catholic, 34; Protestant, 19; no religion, 8.

HAWAII NATIONAL GUARD

The present numerical National Guard allotment to the Territory of Hawaii, as authorized by the Militia Bureau, is 1,727 (110 officers, 2 warrant officers, and 1,615 enlisted men).

The strength of the active Hawaii National Guard on June 30, 1929, was 101 officers, 1 warrant officer, and 1,537 men, a total of 1,639. This is a net loss of 44 officers and men over 1928. This is the first year since reorganization of the guard in 1919 that the forces have not shown an increase over previous years. The unassigned National Guard Reserve consists of 328 officers and men.

Eighty-six officers of the active National Guard hold reserve commissions in grade and branch, which expedites their transition from Territorial to Federal service, should the need arise.

There are 50 racial compositions in the National Guard, the principal ones being: Hawaiians, 431; Japanese, 191; Filipinos, 185; Chinese, 170; Porto Ricans, 157; Portuguese, 148; Americans, 121; Chinese-Hawaiians, 56; American-Hawaiians, 53; Koreans, 28; Portuguese-Hawaiians, 16; and Spanish, 11.

The annual turnover of enlisted personnel for the Hawaii National Guard has been very large, 51.6 per cent, for the past year. This is above the average of the entire National Guard of the United States, which is estimated at 44 per cent. One of the redeeming features of the large turnover is the number of enlisted men who serve their full enlistment contract. Another encouraging mark is the percentage of reenlistments, which reached the total of 50.4 per cent for the past

year.

The morale of the Hawaii National Guard is very satisfactory at the present time. More consideration of the enlisted men by those in authority and the increased state of efficiency and training are conducive to the present state of morale within the guard.

The Hawaii National Guard has three commissioned officers and four noncommissioned officers from the Regular Army on duty as instructors. These officers and noncommissioned officers are so distributed and assigned throughout the Territory that the armory

drill instruction of all units of the guard is under the direct supervision of an able representative of the Regular Army at all times.

During the past year Federal appropriations limited the number of armory drills of all units to 48 each. As the fundamental principles of military training are taught our citizen soldiery during this period, 48 drills are considered totally inadequate to accomplish the degree of efficiency and reach the standard at which it is believed this important component of our national-defense system should be maintained. The number of armory drills held by all units for the past year was 1,680, which is an average of 48 drills per unit.

Schools are conducted for officers, noncommissioned officers, and specialists throughout the armory training year. Federal appropriations permit the attendance of a very limited number of officers and enlisted men at Regular Army Service schools on the mainland. The experience and training gained at these schools are valuable assets to the average National Guardsman. The following number attended mainland schools during the past year: One officer attended the advanced officers' course, for field officers, Infantry School, Fort Benning, Ga., six weeks' duration, and two officers attended the company officers' course (rifle), Infantry School, Fort Benning, Ga., three months' duration.

On September 20, 1928, a provisional battalion of the Two hundred and ninety-eighth Infantry, and on September 22, 1928, the Two hundred and ninety-eighth Infantry (less Company D) responded to the call of the governor for one and two days', respectively, active duty in the service of the Territory for the purpose of aiding the civil authorities in preserving law and order in an emergency in the city of Honolulu.

The following field training encampments were held during the past year: Schofield Barracks, Oahu, August 18, 1928, to September 1, 1928, 641 officers and men present; Paukukalo, Wailuku, Maui, September 15, 1928, to September 29, 1928, 674 officers and men present; and Punchbowl Target Range, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 16, 1928, to October 29, 1928, 61 officers and men being present.

National matches.-On August 15, 1928, the Hawaii National Guard national match team, consisting of Maj. Wilhelm A. Anderson, team captain; Maj. James A. Gibb, team coach; Capt. Farrant L. Turner, team quartermaster and range officer, and 12 shooting members, left Honolulu for Camp Perry, Ohio, to participate in the national matches. This team finished in twenty-sixth place out of 97 teams and twenty-first place out of 49 National Guard teams in the national rifle team match. The team arrived home on October 2, 1928.

Eleven armories are maintained by the military department of the Territory of Hawaii, all of which are equipped with concrete or iron strong rooms or vaults for the safe storage of arms and ammunition. Funds expended by the Territory for the support of the military department, July 1, 1928, to June 30, 1929, amounted to $45,935.61. Funds expended by the United States disbursing officer, H. N. G., for the Federal Government in the support of the National Guard during the fiscal year 1929 amounted to $67,260.10. Expenditures for the fiscal year 1929 from funds allotted the commanding general, Hawaiian Department, for the Hawaii National Guard were $130,818.39.

Following is a list of armament of the Hawaii National Guard as of June 30, 1929: Guns, field model 1902 3", 2; guns, 37 M/M, 5; guns, Browning machine, cal. .30, 28; mortars, 3" Stokes, 8; rifles, automatic Browning, cal. .30, 136; rifles, U. S., cal. .30, model 1903, 1,205; rifles, U. S., cal. .22, model 1922, 57; pistols, automatic, cal. .45, model 1911, 730.

Target ranges. The Hawaii National Guard has the following ranges and number of targets at each range for rifle, pistol, and machine gun located at Punchbowl, Honolulu (47) targets; Kuliouou, Honolulu (2) targets; Paukukalo, Maui (12) targets; Hilo, Hawaii (16) targets; Olaa, Hawaii (2) targets.

Ammunition. The approximate amount of ammunition expended by the Hawaii National Guard during the calendar year of 1928 is as follows: Cartridge, ball, cal. .30 (for rifle, machine gun, and automatic rifle), 439,680 rounds; shells, L. E. (for 37 M/M gun), 2,000 rounds; shells, 3 inches, S. T. M. (for 3" Stokes mortars), 1,600 rounds; and cartridges, ball, cal. .45 (for pistols automatic), 89,261 rounds.

BOARD OF HEALTH

The board of health in its varied activities expended $1,322,432.50, affecting 35 separate appropriations, an increase of $125,111.88 over 1928.

The birth rate was 32.55 per 1,000 population, as compared with 33.84 for 1928, total births being 11,498.

The death rate for 1929 was 16.52, as compared to 11.70 for 1928, the number of deaths being 4,481, an increase of 489, as compared to the previous year. The increase in deaths for the year was principally due to influenza, whooping cough, and meningococcus meningitis.

The infant mortality rate was 101.76, as compared to 83.69 for 1928. There were 1,170 deaths of infants under 1 year, the five main causes of deaths in the order named being diarrhea and enteritis, premature birth, broncho-pneumonia, beriberi, and whooping cough.

Maternal mortality. There were 82 deaths of mothers from puerperal causes for the year, with a rate of 6.91 per 1,000 births and stillbirths. There were 2,712 marriages for the year, with a rate of 7.68 per 1,000 population.

An increase of certain of the communicable diseases is to be noted for the year, 8,338 cases being reported as against 4,702 for 1928, an increase of 3,636 cases. The communicable diseases showing increases were pertussis, all forms of pneumonia, meningococcus meningitis, scarlet fever, measles, and leprosy. Decreases are to be noted for typhoid, trachoma, and tuberculosis.

Influenza.-Early in the fiscal year there were signs that influenza was becoming more prevalent, for there was a sudden increase of suspected cases from 54 in July to 245 in August. The number of cases reported monthly varied but took a sharp decline in May of 1929. For the year there were reported 1,340 cases with 22 deaths, as against 120 cases and 39 deaths for the fiscal year 1928.

Meningococcus meningitis.-This disease first showed an undue prevalence following the arrival of the President McKinley from the Orient on September 26, 1928, and reached the peak in March, 1929, during which month 68 cases were reported, of which 62 were from arriving vessels from the Orient and 2 from Army transports from