The schools are working along three lines. First, by attempting to send out, through the regular teaching staff, correct information regarding life on the plantations. (There is unfortunately much misinformation and prejudice abroad throughout the Territory.) Secondly, the schools are teaching the dignity of labor, and at least some familiarity with the "tools" of the various industrial pursuits, through prevocational classes in gardening, shop, and home economics. Finally, the department is organizing as rapidly as possible, real vocational classes in which children are enrolled who have a serious intention of entering the vocational studies. It is of interest to note that a large proportion of school children do work during the summer vacations, and that most of this employment is in manual labor. In the following tabulation, no child was listed unless regularly employed.

Vocational education in the public schools of Hawaii deals with three main groups of occupations-agriculture, trades and industries, and home making. From the standpoint of the number of people engaged, home making is the most important single occupation in the Territory, but from a business standpoint agriculture comes first. Two types of agricultural classes have been organized. One of these, known as type A, is organized on a part-time plan and the pupils in the class spend approximately half of their time in productive work under the direction of the agricultural teacher. In the second kind of agriculture class, known as type B, the agricultural work is given for 90 minutes per day and the pupil spends the remainder of his school time in other academic courses.

The Honolulu Vocational School was organized two years ago as a separate institution. The work done by students is all on commercial projects and the shops have no difficulty in securing orders.

Home making.-The home-making classes have been very popular and the number of classes and the enrollment have increased rapidly. Home nursing, child care, home decoration, renovation of old clothing,

and actual work in home duties are included in the course which is given.

School garden work has received much attention in the schools and it has aroused much interest in some schools. A definite course of study for garden work has been prepared and special attention will be given to the presentation of the teachable part of garden work.

Cafeteria service is now being offered in about 75 of the public schools. This service is maintained for the purpose of serving a cheap and nutritious lunch to the pupils.

Shopwork is one phase of the junior high school activity that has been much emphasized. The purpose is to give each boy some general shop experience with various tools and materials so that he will have some idea of typical trades.

The development of the Territorial normal school during the past year has been steadily consistent with the policy of the department of public instruction to raise as rapidly as possible the standard of the teaching profession of Hawaii. Approximately 1,000 volumes have been added to the library. Improvements to the physical plant, particularly in lavatory and rest-room facilities, have been effected. Greater care than ever in the selection of incoming students has been exercised as well as more drastic elimination of the least desirable of the students admitted.

For the first time in the history of education in Hawaii, there are at present more trained teachers than there are positions for them to fill. Without any attempt to analyze the causes for this situation, the fact that some 75 locally trained teachers will be unable to pursue their profession in Hawaii in the fall of this year necessitates earnest study in an attempt to bring about a better ratio between supply and demand.

Physical examinations and treatment for diseases are handled by the board of health. Excellent work is being accomplished with a very limited force.

The treatment of children's teeth is being handled in Honolulu by the Palama Settlement Dental Clinic, and in all other districts by public-school dentists. Treatments for other weaknesses, such as eyes, ears, etc., are handled only incidentally as the result of the very hurried annual physical examinations.

The important matter of health education is handled largely by the regular classroom teachers through instruction in hygiene, anatomy, biology, and other allied subjects. Physical education and athletics also play an important part in this instruction.

The elementary schools of Hawaii aim to advance the pupil in his ability to know and observe the laws of physical health and wellbeing through the nutrition program.

The following figures show in a general way the expansion of the work in the past four years:

The dental hygiene program shows an increase in the staff of dental hygienists from 9 in 1922, to 25 in 1929. During the year 36,723 treatments involving 251,472 cavities were made in 154 schools.

The work of the dental hygienists is followed by that of the school dentists, who, during the past year, treated 6,515 patients, making 9,870 fillings in permanent teeth and 869 in temporary teeth, making 2,454 permanent and 13,751 temporary extractions and 778 treat

ments.

Number of school teachers and pupils in the Territory, June 30, 1929

Public schools, teachers, and pupils, by islands and districts, June 30, 1929

Number of pupils in the public schools, by islands, according to course of study June 30, 1929

Ages of pupils in all the public schools of the Territory, June 30, 1929

Classification of public-school pupils, by birthplace, June 30, 1929

Comparative table of racial descent of pupils attending all public schools in the

Territory, June 30, 1929

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII

The year just ended has been one of progress for the University of Hawaii. Not only has there been a notable growth in the student enrollment and in the physical plant, but in other ways, also, there has been good development. A plan for the amalgamation of the Federal experiment station with the university has been worked out with the United States Department of Agriculture, to go into effect July 1, 1929. The agricultural extension service, conducted in cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture, has been thoroughly organized and is now functioning well.

The area of the campus and lands of the university were more than doubled by the addition of about 180 acres of foothill land adjoining the farm. This was Territorial land set aside for the university for experimentation in forestry and dry-land agriculture.

Buildings of the year include the biological sciences laboratory which constitutes the fourth unit of the main quadrangle; the gymnasium, which was completed in August, 1928; the student union building, which was built from funds paid by the students and will afford offices and rooms for student activities and interests.

During the year the university expended a total of approximately $581,489.15. Of this amount, $130,789.15 was for buildings from the loan fund, $285,700 was from the general appropriation for operating expenses, and approximately $165,000 was from income derived by the university from various sources, including Federal-aid funds, gifts, student fees, receipts from sale of farm products, books, boarding accommodations, etc.

The enrollment of students continues to increase, as shown by the following figures:

The graduating class this year comprised 101 who received the bachelor's degree and 8 others who received the master's degree. Most of these have already found employment, the agricultural group having been taken in at once by the local industries. All the engineering students have found positions, several having won civil-service appointments on the mainland against the competition of mainland. graduates. It would seem that there is no actual surplus of college graduates being produced here at the present time.

The university library reports an addition of 4,213 bound volumes and 18,997 pamphlets during the year, making the totals 47,990 and 178,761, respectively. Books in circulation numbered 22,866.

The psychological clinic reports 1,430 cases tested for clinical purposes and 1,202 others for research purposes.