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(3) Guam or AMERICAN SAMOA AS EMPLOYER. For purposes of this subsection, in the case of remuneration received during any calendar year from the Government of Guam, the Government of American Samoa, a political subdivision of either, or any instrumentality of any one or more of the foregoing which is wholly owned thereby, the Governor of Guam, the Governor of American Samoa, and each agent designated by either who makes a return pursuant to section 3125 shall be deemed a separate employer.

(b) UNDERPAYMENTS.-If less than the correct amount of tax imposed by section 3101, 3111, 3201, 3221, or 3402 is paid or deducted with respect to any payment of wages or compensation and the underpayment cannot be adjusted under subsection (a) of this section, the amount of the underpayment shall be assessed and collected in such manner and at such times (subject to the statute of limitations properly applicable thereto) as the Secretary or his delegate may by regulations prescribe.

SEC. 6206. SPECIAL RULES APPLICABLE TO EXCESSIVE

UNDER SECTIONS 6420 AND 6421.

CLAIMS

Any portion of a payment made under section 6420 or 6421 which constitutes an excessive amount (as defined in section 6675 (b)), and any civil penalty provided by section 6675, may be assessed and collected as if it were a tax imposed by section 4081 and as if the person who made the claim were liable for such tax. The period for assessing any such portion, and for assessing any such penalty, shall be 3 years from the last day prescribed for the filing of the claim under section 6420 or 6421, as the case may be.

SEC. 6207. CROSS REFERENCES.

(1) For prohibition of suits to restrain assessment of any tax, see section 7421.

(2) For prohibition of assessment of taxes against insolvent banks, see section 7507.

(3) For assessment where property subject to tax has been sold in a distraint proceeding without the tax having been assessed prior to such sale, see section 6342.

(4) For assessment with respect to taxes required to be paid by chapter 52, see section 5703.

(5) For assessment in case of distilled spirits removed from place where distilled and not deposited in bonded warehouse, see section 5006 (c).

(6) For period of limitation upon assessment, see chapter 66.

(7) For assessment under the provisions of the Tariff Act of 1930 of the taxes imposed by section 4501 (b), and subchapters A, B, C, D, and E of chapter 38, see sections 4504 and 4601, respectively.

Subchapter B-Deficiency Procedures in the Case of Income, Estate, and Gift Taxes

Sec. 6211. Definition of a deficiency.

Sec. 6212. Notice of deficiency.

Sec. 6213. Restrictions applicable to deficiencies; petition to Tax

Court.

Sec. 6214. Determinations by Tax Court.

Sec. 6215. Assessment of deficiency found by Tax Court.

Sec. 6216. Cross references.

SEC. 6211. DEFINITION OF A DEFICIENCY.

(a) IN GENERAL.-For purposes of this title in the case of income, estate, and gift taxes, imposed by subtitles A and B, the term "deficiency" means the amount by which the tax imposed by subtitles A or B exceeds the excess of

(1) the sum of

(A) the amount shown as the tax by the taxpayer upon his return, if a return was made by the taxpayer and an amount was shown as the tax by the taxpayer thereon, plus

(B) the amounts previously assessed (or collected without assessment) as a deficiency, over

(2) the amount of rebates, as defined in subsection (b) (2), made. (b) RULES FOR APPLICATION OF SUBSECTION (a).-For purposes of this section

(1) The tax imposed by chapter 1 and the tax shown on the return shall both be determined without regard to payments on account of estimated tax, without regard to the credit under section 31, and without regard to so much of the credit under section 32 as exceeds 2 percent of the interest on obligations described in section 1451.

(2) The term "rebate" means so much of an abatement, credit, refund, or other repayment, as was made on the ground that the tax imposed by subtitles A or B was less than the excess of the amount specified in subsection (a) (1) over the rebates previously made.

(3) The computation by the Secretary or his delegate, pursuant to section 6014, of the tax imposed by chapter 1 shall be considered as having been made by the taxpayer and the tax so computed considered as shown by the taxpayer upon his return.

SEC. 6212. NOTICE OF DEFICIENCY.

(a) IN GENERAL.-If the Secretary or his delegate determines that there is a deficiency in respect of any tax imposed by subtitles A or B, he is authorized to send notice of such deficiency to the taxpayer by certified mail or registered mail.

(b) ADDRESS FOR NOTICE OF DEFICIENCY.

(1) INCOME AND GIFT TAXES.-In the absence of notice to the Secretary or his delegate under section 6903 of the existence of a fiduciary relationship, notice of a deficiency in respect of a tax

imposed by subtitle A or chapter 12, if mailed to the taxpayer at his last known address, shall be sufficient for purposes of subtitle A, chapter 12, and this chapter even if such taxpayer is deceased, or is under a legal disability, or, in the case of a corporation, has terminated its existence.

(2) JOINT INCOME TAX RETURNS.-In the case of a joint income tax return filed by husband and wife, such notice of deficiency may be a single joint notice, except that if the Secretary or his delegate has been notified by either spouse that separate residences have been established, then, in lieu of the single joint notice, a duplicate original of the joint notice shall be sent by certified mail or registered mail to each spouse at his last known address.

(3) ESTATE TAX.-In the absence of notice to the Secretary or his delegate under section 6903 of the existence of a fiduciary relationship, notice of a deficiency in respect of a tax imposed by chapter 11, if addressed in the name of the decedent or other person subject to liability and mailed to his last known address, shall be sufficient for purposes of chapter 11 and of this chapter.

(c) FURTHER DEFICIENCY LETTERS RESTRICTED.—

(1) GENERAL RULE.-If the Secretary or his delegate has mailed to the taxpayer a notice of deficiency as provided in subsection (a), and the taxpayer files a petition with the Tax Court within the time. prescribed in section 6213 (a), the Secretary or his delegate shall have no right to determine any additional deficiency of income tax for the same taxable year, of gift tax for the same calendar year, or of estate tax in respect of the taxable estate of the same decedent, except in the case of fraud, and except as provided in section 6214 (a) (relating to assertion of greater deficiencies before the Tax Court), in section 6213 (b) (1) (relating to mathematical errors), or in section 6861 (c) (relating to the making of jeopardy assessments). (2) CROSS REFERENCES.—

For assessment as a deficiency notwithstanding the prohibition of further deficiency letters, in the case of

(A) Deficiency attributable to change of election to take standard deduction where taxpayer and his spouse made separate returns, see section 144 (b).

(B) Deficiency attributable to gain on involuntary conversion, see section 1033 (a) (3), (C) and (D).

(C) Deficiency attributable to gain on sale or exchange of personal residence, see section 1034 (j).

(D) Deficiency attributable to war loss recoveries where prior benefit rule is elected, see section 1335.

SEC. 6213. RESTRICTIONS APPLICABLE TO DEFICIENCIES; PETITION TO TAX COURT.

(a) TIME FOR FILING PETITION AND RESTRICTION ON ASSESSMENT.— Within 90 days, or 150 days if the notice is addressed to a person outside the States of the Union and the District of Columbia, after the notice of deficiency authorized in section 6212 is mailed (not counting Saturday, Sunday, or a legal holiday in the District of Columbia as the last day), the taxpayer may file a petition with the Tax Court for a redetermination of the deficiency. Except as otherwise provided in section 6861 no assessment of a deficiency in respect of any tax imposed by subtitle A or B and no levy or proceeding in court for its collection shall be made, begun, or prosecuted until such notice has been mailed to the taxpayer, nor until he

expiration of such 90-day or 150-day period, as the case may be, nor, if a petition has been filed with the Tax Court, until the decision of the Tax Court has become final. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 7421 (a), the making of such assessment or the beginning of such proceeding or levy during the time such prohibition is in force may be enjoined by a proceeding in the proper court.

(b) EXCEPTIONS TO RESTRICTIONS ON ASSESSMENT.

(1) MATHEMATICAL ERRORS.-If the taxpayer is notified that, on account of a mathematical error appearing upon the return, an amount of tax in excess of that shown upon the return is due, and that an assessment of the tax has been or will be made on the basis of what would have been the correct amount of tax but for the mathematical error, such notice shall not be considered as a notice of deficiency for the purposes of subsection (a) (prohibiting assessment and collection until notice of the deficiency has been mailed), or of section 6212 (c) (1) (restricting further deficiency letters), or section 6512 (a) (prohibiting credits or refunds after petition to the Tax Court), and the taxpayer shall have no right to file a petition with the Tax Court based on such notice, nor shall such assessment or collection be prohibited by the provisions of subsection (a) of this section.

(2) ASSESSMENTS ARISING OUT OF TENTATIVE CARRYBACK ADJUSTMENTS.-If the Secretary or his delegate determines that the amount applied, credited, or refunded under section 6411 is in excess of the overassessment attributable to the carryback with respect to which such amount was applied, credited, or refunded, he may assess the amount of the excess as a deficiency as if it were due to a mathematical error appearing on the return.

(3) ASSESSMENT OF AMOUNT PAID.-Any amount paid as a tax or in respect of a tax may be assessed upon the receipt of such payment notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a). In any case where such amount is paid after the mailing of a notice of deficiency under section 6212, such payment shall not deprive the Tax Court of jurisdiction over such deficiency determined under section 6211 without regard to such assessment.

(c) FAILURE TO FILE PETITION.-If the taxpayer does not file a petition with the Tax Court within the time prescribed in subsection (a), the deficiency, notice of which has been mailed to the taxpayer, shall be assessed, and shall be paid upon notice and demand from the Secretary or his delegate.

(d) WAIVER OF RESTRICTIONS.-The taxpayer shall at any time. (whether or not a notice of deficiency has been issued) have the right, by a signed notice in writing filed with the Secretary or his delegate, to waive the restrictions provided in subsection (a) on the assessment and collection of the whole or any part of the deficiency.

(e) CROSS REFERENCES.

(1) For assessment as if a mathematical error on the return, in the case of erroneous claims for income tax prepayment credits, see section 6201 (a) (3).

(2) For assessments without regard to restrictions imposed by this section in the case of

(A) Recovery of foreign income taxes, see section 905 (c).
(B) Recovery of foreign estate tax, see section 2016.

SEC. 6214. DETERMINATIONS BY TAX COURT.

(a) JURISDICTION AS TO INCREASE OF DEFICIENCY, ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS, OR ADDITIONS TO THE TAX.-The Tax Court shall have jurisdiction to redetermine the correct amount of the deficiency even if the amount so redetermined is greater than the amount of the deficiency, notice of which has been mailed to the taxpayer, and to determine whether any additional amount, or addition to the tax should be assessed, if claim therefor is asserted by the Secretary or his delegate at or before the hearing or a rehearing.

(b) JURISDICTION OVER OTHER YEARS.-The Tax Court in redetermining a deficiency of income tax for any taxable year or of gift tax for any calendar year shall consider such facts with relation to the taxes for other years as may be necessary correctly to redetermine the amount of such deficiency, but in so doing shall have no jurisdiction to determine whether or not the tax for any other year has been overpaid or underpaid.

(c) FINAL DECISIONS OF TAX COURT.-For purposes of this chapter and subtitles A or B the date on which a decision of the Tax Court becomes final shall be determined according to the provisions of section 7481.

SEC. 6215. ASSESSMENT OF DEFICIENCY FOUND BY TAX COURT.

(a) GENERAL RULE.-If the taxpayer files a petition with the Tax Court, the entire amount redetermined as the deficiency by the decision of the Tax Court which has become final shall be assessed and shall be paid upon notice and demand from the Secretary or his delegate. No part of the amount determined as a deficiency by the Secretary or his delegate but disallowed as such by the decision of the Tax Court which has become final shall be assessed or be collected by levy or by proceeding in court with or without assessment.

(b) CROSS REFERENCES.

(1) For assessment or collection of the amount of the deficiency determined by the Tax Court pending appellate court review, see section 7485.

(2) For dismissal of petition by Tax Court as affirmation of deficiency as determined by the Secretary or his delegate, see section 7459 (d).

(3) For decision of Tax Court that tax is barred by limitation as its decision that there is no deficiency, see section 7459 (e).

(4) For assessment of damages awarded by Tax Court for instituting proceedings merely for delay, see section 6673.

(5) For treatment of certain deficiencies as having been paid, in connection with sale of surplus war-built vessels, see section 9 (b) (8) of the Merchant Ship Sales Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 48; 50 U. S. C. App. 1742). (6) For rules applicable to Tax Court proceedings, see generally subchapter C of chapter 76.

(7) For proration of deficiency to installments, see section 6152 (c). (8) For extension of time for paying amount determined as deficiency. see section 6161 (b).

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(1) For procedures relating to bankruptcy and receivership, see subchapter B of chapter 70.

(2) For procedures relating to jeopardy assessments, see subchapter A of chapter 70.

(3) For procedures relating to claims against transferees and fiduciaries, see chapter 71.

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