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(D) ELECTION AFTER FINAL REGULATIONS.-Notwithstanding any other provision of this paragraph the time for making an election under paragraph (1) or (2) shall not expire prior to the first day of the first month which begins more than 90 days after the date of publication in the Federal Register of final regulations issued under the authority of this subsection.

(E) STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS.-If the taxpayer makes an election pursuant to subparagraph (B) and if assessment of any deficiency for any taxable year resulting from such election is prevented on the first day of the first month which begins more than 90 days after the date of publication in the Federal Register of final regulations issued under authority of this subsection, or at any time within one year after such day, by the operation of any law or rule of law, such assessment may, nevertheless, be made if made within one year after such day. An election by a taxpayer pursuant to subparagraph (B) shall be considered as a consent to the assessment pursuant to this subparagraph of any such deficiency. If refund or credit of any overpayment of income tax resulting from an election made pursuant to subparagraph (B) is prevented on such day, or at any time within one year after such day, by the operation of any law or rule of law, refund or credit of such overpayment may, nevertheless, be made or allowed if claim therefor is filed within one year after such day. This subparagraph shall not apply to any taxable year in respect of which an assessment of a deficiency, or a refund or credit of an overpayment, as the case may be, is prevented by the operation of any law or rule of law on the date of the enactment of the Technical Amendments Act of 1958.

(4) SPECIAL RULE AS TO DEDUCTIONS UNDER SECTION 615 (a)

PRIOR TO AGGREGATION.

(A) IN GENERAL. If an aggregation of operating mineral interests formed under paragraph (1) includes any interest or interests in respect of which exploration expenditures, paid or incurred after the acquisition of such interest or interests, were deducted by the taxpayer under section 615 (a) for any taxable year all or any portion of which precedes the date on which such aggregation becomes effective, or the date on which such interest or interests become a part of such aggregation (as the case may be), then the tax imposed by this chapter for such taxable year shall be recomputed as provided in subparagraph (B). In the case of any taxable year beginning before January 1, 1958, this subparagraph shall apply to exploration expenditures deducted in respect of any interest or interests for such taxable year, only if such interest or interests constitute part or all of any operating unit with respect to which the taxpayer makes an election pursuant to paragraph (3) (B) which is applicable with respect to such taxable year.

(B) RECOMPUTATION OF TAX.-A recomputation of the tax imposed by this chapter shall be made for each taxable year described in subparagraph (A) for which exploration expenditures were deducted as though, for each such year, an election had been made to aggregate the separate operating mineral interest or interests with respect to which such exploration expenditures

were deducted with those operating mineral interests included in the aggregation formed under paragraph (1) in respect of which any expenditure for exploration, development, or operation had been made by the taxpayer before or during the taxable year to which such election would apply. A recomputation of the tax imposed by this chapter (or by the corresponding provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939) shall also be made for taxable years affected by the recomputation described in the preceding sentence. If the tax so recomputed for any taxable year or years, by reason of the application of this paragraph, exceeds the tax liability previously determined for such year or years, such excess shall be taken into account in the first taxable year to which the election to aggregate under paragraph (1) applies and succeeding taxable years as provided in subparagraph (C).

(C) INCREASE IN TAX.-The tax imposed by this chapter for the first taxable year to which the election to aggregate under paragraph (1) applies, and for each succeeding taxable year until the full amount of the excess described in subparagraph (B) has been taken into account, shall be increased by an amount equal to the quotient obtained by dividing such excess by the total number of taxable years described in subparagraph (A) in respect of which

(i) exploration expenditures were deducted by the taxpayer under section 615 (a), and

(ii) the recomputation of tax described in the first sentence of subparagraph (B) results in an increase in tax or a reduction of a net operating loss.

If the taxpayer dies or ceases to exist, then so much of the excess described in subparagraph (B) as was not taken into account under the preceding sentence for taxable years preceding such death, or such cessation of existence, shall be taken into account for the taxable year in which such death, or such cessation of existence, occurs.

(D) BASIS ADJUSTMENT. If the tax liability of a taxpayer is increased by reason of the application of this paragraph, proper adjustments shall be made with respect to the basis of the aggregated property owned by such taxpayer, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary or his delegate, as though the tax liability of the taxpayer for the prior taxable year or years had been determined in accordance with the recomputation of tax described in subparagraph (B).

(5) OPERATING MINERAL INTERESTS DEFINED. For purposes of this subsection, the term "operating mineral interest" has the meaning as assigned to it by subsection (b) (3).

(d) 1939 CODE TREATMENT WITH RESPECT TO OPERATING MINERAL INTERESTS IN CASE OF OIL AND GAS WELLS.—In the case of oil and gas wells, any taxpayer may treat any property (determined as if the Internal Revenue Code of 1939 continued to apply) as if subsections (a) and (b) had not been enacted. If any such treatment would constitute an aggregation under subsection (b), such treatment shall be taken into account in applying subsection (b) to other property of the taxpayer.

(e) SPECIAL RULE AS TO NONOPERATING MINERAL INTERESTS.(1) AGGREGATION OF SEPARATE INTERESTS.-If a taxpayer owns two or more separate nonoperating mineral interests in a single tract or parcel of land or in two or more adjacent tracts or parcels of land, the Secretary or his delegate shall, on showing by the taxpayer that a principal purpose is not the avoidance of tax, permit the taxpayer to treat (for all purposes of this subtitle) all such mineral interests in each separate kind of mineral deposit as one property. If such permission is granted for any taxable year, the taxpayer shall treat such interests as one property for all subsequent taxable years unless the Secretary or his delegate consents to a different treatment.

(2) NONOPERATING MINERAL INTERESTS DEFINED. For purposes of this subsection, the term "nonoperating mineral interests' includes only interests which are not operating mineral interests within the meaning of subsection (b) (3).

SEC. 615. EXPLORATION EXPENDITURES.

(a) IN GENERAL.-In the case of expenditures paid or incurred during the taxable year for the purpose of ascertaining the existence, location, extent, or quality of any deposit of ore or other mineral, and paid or incurred before the beginning of the development stage of the mine or deposit, there shall be allowed as a deduction in computing taxable income so much of such expenditures as does not exceed $100,000. This section shall apply only with respect to the amount of such expenditures which, but for this section, would not be allowable as a deduction for the taxable year. This section shall not apply to expenditures for the acquisition or improvement of property of a character which is subject to the allowance for depreciation provided in section 167, but allowances for depreciation shall be considered, for purposes of this section, as expenditures paid or incurred. In no case shall this section apply with respect to amounts paid or incurred for the purpose of ascertaining the existence, location, extent, or quality of any deposit of oil or gas.

(b) ELECTION OF TAXPAYER.-If the taxpayer elects, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary or his delegate, to treat as deferred expenses any portion of the amount deductible for the taxable year under subsection (a), such portion shall not be deductible in the manner provided in subsection (a) but shall be deductible on a ratable basis as the units of produced ores or minerals discovered or explored by reason of such expenditures are sold. An election made under this subsection for any taxable year shall be binding for such year.

(c) LIMITATION.—

(1) IN GENERAL.-This section shall not apply to any amount paid or incurred to the extent that it would, when added to the amounts which have been deducted under subsection (a) and the amounts which have been treated as deferred expenses under subsection (b), or the corresponding provisions of prior law, exceed $400,000.

(2) AMOUNTS TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT.-For purposes of paragraph (1), there shall be taken into account amounts deducted and amounts treated as deferred expenses by

(A) the taxpayer, and

(B) any individual or corporation who has transferred to the taxpayer any mineral property.

(3) APPLICATION OF PARAGRAPH (2) (B).-Paragraph (2) (B) shall apply with respect to all amounts deducted and all amounts treated as deferred expenses which were paid or incurred before the latest such transfer from the individual or corporation to the taxpayer. Paragraph (2) (B) shall apply only if

(A) the taxpayer acquired any mineral property from the individual or corporation under circumstances which make paragraph (7), (8), (11), (15), (17), (20), or (22) of section 113 (a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939 apply to such transfer;

(B) the taxpayer would be entitled under section 381 (c) (10) to deduct expenses deferred under this section had the distributor or transferor corporation elected to defer such expenses; or

(C) the taxpayer acquired any mineral property from the individual or corporation under circumstances which make section 334 (b), 362 (a) and (b), 372 (a), 373 (b) (1), 1051, or 1082 apply to such transfer.

(d) ADJUSTED BASIS OF MINE OR DEPOSIT.-The amount of expenditures which are treated under subsection (b) as deferred expenses shall be taken into account in computing the adjusted basis of the mine or deposit, but such amounts, and the adjustments to basis provided in section 1016 (a) (10) shall be disregarded in determining the adjusted basis of the property for the purpose of computing a deduction for depletion under section 611.

SEC. 616. DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURES.

(a) IN GENERAL.-Except as provided in subsection (b), there shall be allowed as a deduction in computing taxable income all expenditures paid or incurred during the taxable year for the development of a mine or other natural deposit (other than an oil or gas well) if paid or incurred after the existence of ores or minerals in commercially marketable quantities has been disclosed. This section shall not apply to expenditures for the acquisition or improvement of property of a character which is subject to the allowance for depreciation provided in section 167, but allowances for depreciation shall be considered, for purposes of this section, as expenditures.

(b) ELECTION OF TAXPAYER.-At the election of the taxpayer, made in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary or his delegate, expenditures described in subsection (a) paid or incurred during the taxable year shall be treated as deferred expenses and shall be deductible on a ratable basis as the units of produced ores or minerals benefited by such expenditures are sold. In the case of such expenditures paid or incurred during the development stage. of the mine or deposit, the election shall apply only with respect to the excess of such expenditures during the taxable year over the net receipts during the taxable year from the ores or minerals produced from such mine or deposit. The election under this subsection, if made, must be for the total amount of such expenditures, or the total amount of such excess, as the case may be, with respect to the mine or deposit, and shall be binding for such taxable year.

(c) ADJUSTED BASIS OF MINE OR DEPOSIT.-The amount of expenditures which are treated under subsection (b) as deferred expenses shall be taken into account in computing the adjusted basis of the mine or deposit, except that such amount, and the adjustments to basis provided in section 1016 (a) (9), shall be disregarded in determining the adjusted basis of the property for the purpose of computing a deduction for depletion under section 611.

PART II-EXCLUSIONS FROM GROSS INCOME

Sec. 621. Payments to encourage exploration, development, and mining for defense purposes.

SEC. 621. PAYMENTS TO ENCOURAGE EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND MINING FOR DEFENSE PURPOSES.

There shall not be included in gross income any amount paid to a taxpayer by the United States (or any agency or instrumentality thereof), whether by grant or loan, and whether or not repayable, for the encouragement of exploration, development, or mining of critical and strategic minerals or metals pursuant to or in connection with any undertaking approved by the United States (or any of its agencies or instrumentalities) and for which an accounting is made or required to be made to an appropriate governmental agency, or any forgiveness or discharge of any part of such amount. Any expenditures (other than expenditures made after the repayment of such grant or loan) attributable to such grant or loan shall not be deductible by the taxpayer as an expense nor increase the basis of the taxpayer's property either for determining gain or loss on sale, exchange, or other disposition or for computing depletion or depreciation, but on the repayment of any portion of any such grant or loan which has been expended in accordance with the terms thereof such deductions and such increase in basis shall to the extent of such repayment be allowed as if made at the time of such repayment.

PART III-SALES AND EXCHANGES

Sec. 631. Gain or loss in the case of timber or coal.
Sec. 632. Sale of oil or gas properties.

SEC. 631. GAIN OR LOSS IN THE CASE OF TIMBER OR COAL.

(a) ELECTION TO CONSIDER CUTTING AS SALE OR EXCHANGE.—If the taxpayer so elects on his return for a taxable year, the cutting of timber (for sale or for use in the taxpayer's trade or business) during such year by the taxpayer who owns, or has a contract right to cut, such timber (providing he has owned such timber or has held such contract right for a period of more than 6 months before the beginning of such year) shall be considered as a sale or exchange of such timber cut during such year. If such election has been made, gain or loss to the taxpayer shall be recognized in an amount equal to the difference between the fair market value of such timber, and the adjusted basis for depletion of such timber in the hands of the taxpayer. Such fair market value shall be the fair market value as of the first day of the taxable year in which such timber is cut, and shall thereafter be considered as the cost of such cut timber to the taxpayer for all purposes for which such cost is a necessary factor. If a tax

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