(2) The term "cost of securities sold" means the amount ascertained by subtracting the inventory value of the closing inventory of a taxable year from the sum of—

(A) the inventory value of the opening inventory for such year, and

(B) the cost of securities and other property purchased during such year which would properly be included in the inventory of the taxpayer if on hand at the close of the taxable year.

SEC. 76. MORTGAGES MADE OR OBLIGATIONS ISSUED BY JOINTSTOCK LAND BANKS.

All income (except interest) derived from mortgages made, or obligations issued, after May 28, 1938, by a joint-stock land bank shall (notwithstanding section 26 of the Federal Farm Loan Act; 12 U. S. C. 931-3) be included in gross income.

SEC. 77. COMMODITY CREDIT LOANS.

(a) ELECTION TO INCLUDE LOANS IN INCOME.-Amounts received as loans from the Commodity Credit Corporation shall, at the election of the taxpayer, be considered as income and shall be included in gross ncome for the taxable year in which received.

(b) EFFECT OF ELECTION ON ADJUSTMENTS FOR SUBSEQUENT YEARS. If a taxpayer exercises the election provided for in subsection (a) for any taxable year, then the method of computing income so adopted shall be adhered to with respect to all subsequent taxable years unless with the approval of the Secretary or his delegate a change to a different method is authorized.

PART III-ITEMS SPECIFICALLY EXCLUDED FROM GROSS

INCOME

Sec. 101. Certain death benefits.

Sec. 102. Gifts and inheritances.

Sec. 103. Interest on certain governmental obligations.

Sec. 104. Compensation for injuries or sickness.

Sec. 105. Amounts received under accident and health plans.
Sec. 106. Contributions by employer to accident and health plans.
Sec. 107. Rental value of parsonages.

Sec. 108. Income from discharge of indebtedness.

Sec. 109.

Improvements by lessee on lessor's property.
Sec. 110 Income taxes paid by lessee corporation.

Sec. 111. Recovery of bad debts, prior taxes, and delinquency

amounts.

Sec. 112. Certain combat pay of members of the Armed Forces.
Sec. 113. Mustering-out payments for members of the Armed
Forces.

Sec. 114. Sports programs conducted for the American National
Red Cross.

Sec. 115. Income of States, municipalities, etc.

Sec. 116. Partial exclusion of dividends received by individuals.

Sec. 117. Scholarships and fellowship grants.

Sec. 118. Contributions to the capital of a corporation.

Sec. 119. Meals or lodging furnished for the convenience of the em

SEC. 101. CERTAIN DEATH BENEFITS.

(a) PROCEEDS OF LIFE INSURANCE CONTRACTS PAYABLE BY REASON OF DEATH.

(1) GENERAL RULE.-Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (2) and in subsection (d), gross income does not include amounts received (whether in a single sum or otherwise) under a life insurance contract, if such amounts are paid by reason of the death of the insured.

(2) TRANSFER FOR VALUABLE CONSIDERATION.-In the case of a transfer for a valuable consideration, by assignment or otherwise, of a life insurance contract or any interest therein, the amount excluded from gross income by paragraph (1) shall not exceed an amount equal to the sum of the actual value of such consideration and the premiums and other amounts subsequently paid by the transferee. The preceding sentence shall not apply in the case of such a transfer

(A) if such contract or interest therein has a basis for determining gain or loss in the hands of a transferee determined in whole or in part by reference to such basis of such contract or interest therein in the hands of the transferor, or

(B) if such transfer is to the insured, to a partner of the insured, to a partnership in which the insured is a partner, or to a corporation in which the insured is a shareholder or officer. (b) EMPLOYEES' DEATH BENEFITS.

(1) GENERAL RULE.-Gross income does not include amounts received (whether in a single sum or otherwise) by the beneficiaries or the estate of an employee, if such amounts are paid by or on behalf of an employer and are paid by reason of the death of the employee.

(2) SPECIAL RULES FOR PARAGRAPH (1).—

(A) $5,000 LIMITATION.-The aggregate amounts excludable under paragraph (1) with respect to the death of any employee shall not exceed $5,000.

(B) NONFORFEITABLE RIGHTS.-Paragraph (1) shall not apply to amounts with respect to which the employee possessed, immediately before his death, a nonforfeitable right to receive the amounts while living. This subparagraph shall not apply to total distributions payable (as defined in section 402 (a) (3)) which are paid to a distributee within one taxable year of the distributee by reason of the employee's death

(i) by a stock bonus, pension, or profit-sharing trust described in section 401 (a) which is exempt from tax under section 501 (a),

(ii) under an annuity contract under a plan which meets the requirements of paragraphs (3), (4), (5), and (6) of section 401 (a), or

(iii) under an annuity contract purchased by an employer which is an organization referred to in section 503 (b) (1), (2), or (3) and which is exempt from tax under section 501 (a), but only with respect to that portion of such total distributions payable which bears the same ratio to the amount of such total distributions payable which is (without regard to this subsection) includible in gross income, as the amounts con

tributed by the employer for such annuity contract which are excludable from gross income under section 403 (b) bear to the total amounts contributed by the employer for such annuity contract.

(C) JOINT AND SURVIVOR ANNUITIES.-Paragraph (1) shall not apply to amounts received by a surviving annuitant under a joint and survivor's annuity contract after the first day of the first period for which an amount was received as an annuity by the employee (or would have been received if the employee had lived).

(D) OTHER ANNUITIES.-In the case of any amount to which section 72 (relating to annuities, etc.) applies, the amount which is excludable under paragraph (1) (as modified by the preceding subparagraphs of this paragraph) shall be determined by reference to the value of such amount as of the day on which the employee died. Any amount so excludable under paragraph (1) shall, for purposes of section 72, be treated as additional consideration paid by the employee.

(c) INTEREST.-If any amount excluded from gross income by subsection (a) or (b) is held under an agreement to pay interest thereon, the interest payments shall be included in gross income.

(d) PAYMENT OF LIFE INSURANCE PROCEEDS AT A DATE LATER THAN DEATH.

(1) GENERAL RULE.-The amounts held by an insurer with respect to any beneficiary shall be prorated (in accordance with such regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary or his delegate) over the period or periods with respect to which such payments are to be made. There shall be excluded from the gross income of such beneficiary in the taxable year received—

(A) any amount determined by such proration, and

(B) in the case of the surviving spouse of the insured, that portion of the excess of the amounts received under one or more agreements specified in paragraph (2) (A) (whether or not payment of any part of such amounts is guaranteed by the insurer) over the amount determined in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph which is not greater than $1,000 with respect to any insured.

Gross income includes, to the extent not excluded by the preceding sentence, amounts received under agreements to which this subsection applies.

(2) AMOUNT HELD BY AN INSURER.-An amount held by an insurer with respect to any beneficiary shall mean an amount to which subsection (a) applies which is

(A) held by any insurer under an agreement provided for in the life insurance contract, whether as an option or otherwise, to pay such amount on a date or dates later than the death of the insured, and

(B) is equal to the value of such agreement to such beneficiary (i) as of the date of death of the insured (as if any option exercised under the life insurance contract were exercised at such time), and

(ii) as discounted on the basis of the interest rate and mortality tables used by the insurer in calculating payments under the agreement.

(3) SURVIVING SPOUSE.-For purposes of this subsection, the term "surviving spouse" means the spouse of the insured as of the date of death, including a spouse legally separated but not under a decree of absolute divorce.

(4) APPLICATION OF SUBSECTION.-This subsection shall not apply to any amount to which subsection (c) is applicable. (e) ALIMONY, ETC., PAYMENTS.

(1) IN GENERAL.-This section shall not apply to so much of any payment as is includible in the gross income of the wife under section 71 (relating to alimony) or section 682 (relating to income of an estate or trust in case of divorce, etc.).

(2) CROSS REFERENCE.

For definition of "wife", see section 7701 (a) (17).

(f) EFFECTIVE DATE OF SECTION. This section shall apply only to amounts received by reason of the death of an insured or an employee occurring after the date of enactment of this title. Section 22 (b) (1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939 shall apply to amounts received by reason of the death of an insured or an employee occurring on or before such date.

SEC. 102. GIFTS AND INHERITANCES.

(a) GENERAL RULE.-Gross income does not include the value of property acquired by gift, bequest, devise, or inheritance.

(b) INCOME.-Subsection (a) shall not exclude from gross income(1) the income from any property referred to in subsection (a); or (2) where the gift, bequest, devise, or inheritance is of income from property, the amount of such income.

Where, under the terms of the gift, bequest, devise, or inheritance, the payment, crediting, or distribution thereof is to be made at intervals, then, to the extent that it is paid or credited or to be distributed out of income from property, it shall be treated for purposes of paragraph (2) as a gift, bequest, devise, or inheritance of income from property. Any amount included in the gross income of a beneficiary under subchapter J shall be treated for purposes of paragraph (2) as a gift, bequest, devise, or inheritance of income from property.

SEC. 103. INTEREST ON CERTAIN GOVERNMENTAL OBLIGATIONS. (a) GENERAL RULE.-Gross income does not include interest on(1) the obligations of a State, a Territory, or a possession of the United States, or any political subdivision of any of the foregoing, or of the District of Columbia;

(2) the obligations of the United States; or

(3) the obligations of a corporation organized under Act of Congress, if such corporation is an instrumentality of the United States and if under the respective Acts authorizing the issue of the obligations the interest is wholly exempt from the taxes imposed by this subtitle.

(b) EXCEPTION.-Subsection (a) (2) shall not apply to interest on obligations of the United States issued after September 1, 1917 (other than postal savings certificates of deposit, to the extent they represent

deposits made before March 1, 1941), unless under the respective Acts authorizing the issuance thereof such interest is wholly exempt from the taxes imposed by this subtitle.

(c) CROSS REFERENCES.

For provisions relating to the taxable status of—

(1) Bonds and certificates of indebtedness authorized by the First Liberty Bond Act, see sections 1 and 6 of that Act (40 Stat. 35, 36; 31 U. S. C. 746, 755);

(2) Bonds issued to restore or maintain the gold reserve, see section 2 of the Act of March 14, 1900 (31 Stat. 46; 31 U. S. C. 408);

(3) Bonds, notes, certificates of indebtedness, and Treasury bills authorized by the Second Liberty Bond Act, see sections 4, 5 (b) and (d), 7 18 (b), and 22 (d) of that Act, as amended (40 Stat. 290; 46 Stat. 20, 775; 40 Stat. 291, 1310; 55 Stat. 8; 31 U. S. C. 752a, 754, 747, 753, 757c);

(4) Bonds, notes, and certificates of indebtedness of the United States and bonds of the War Finance Corporation owned by certain nonresidents, see section 3 of the Fourth Liberty Bond Act, as amended (40 Stat. 1311, § 4; 31 U. S. C. 750);

(5) Certificates of indebtedness issued after February 4, 1910, see section 2 of the Act of that date (36 Stat. 192; 31 U. S. C. 769);

(6) Consols of 1930, see section 11 of the Act of March 14, 1900 (31 Stat. 48; 31 U. S. C. 751):

(7) Obligations and evidences of ownership issued by the United States or any of its agencies or instrumentalities on or after March 28, 1942, see section 4 of the Public Debt Act of 1941, as amended (c. 147, 61 Stat. 180; 31 U. S. C. 742a);

(8) Commodity Credit Corporation obligations, see section 5 of the Act of March 8, 1938 (52 Stat. 108; 15 U. S. C. 713a-5);

(9) Debentures issued by Federal Housing Administrator, see sections 204 (d) and 207 (i) of the National Housing Act, as amended (52 Stat. 14, 20; 12 U. S. C. 1710, 1713);

(10) Debentures issued to mortgagees by United States Maritime Commission, see section 1105 (c) of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936. as amended (52 Stat. 972; 46 U. S. C. 1275);

(11) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation obligations, see section 15 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (64 Stat. 890; 12 U. S. C. 1825);

(12) Federal Home Loan Bank obligations, see section 13 of the Federal Home Loan Bank Act, as amended (49 Stat. 295, § 8; 12 U. S. C. 1433);

(13) Federal savings and loan association loans, see section 5 (h) of the Home Owners' Loan Act of 1933, as amended (48 Stat. 133; 12 U. S. C. 1464);

(14) Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation obligations, see section 402 (e) of the National Housing Act (48 Stat. 1257; 12 U. S. C. 1725);

(15) Home Owners' Loan Corporation bonds, see section 4 (c) of the Home Owners' Loan Act of 1933, as amended (48 Stat. 644, c. 168; 12 U. S. C. 1463);

(16) Obligations of Central Bank for Cooperatives, production credit corporations, production credit associations, and banks for cooperatives, see section 63 of the Farm Credit Act of 1933 (48 Stat. 267; 12 U. S. C. 1138c);

(17) Panama Canal bonds, see section 1 of the Act of December 21, 1904 (34 Stat. 5; 31 U. S. C. 743), section 8 of the Act of June 28, 1902 (32 Stat. 484; 31 U. S. C. 744), and section 39 of the Tariff Act of 1909 (36 Stat. 117; 31 U. S. C. 745);

(18) Philippine bonds, etc., issued before the independence of the Philippines, see section 9 of the Philippine Independence Act (48 Stat. 463; 48 U. S. C. 1239);

(19) Postal savings bonds, see section 10 of the Act of June 25, 1910 (36 Stat. 817; 39 U. S. C. 760);

(20) Puerto Rican bonds see section 3 of the Act of March 2, 1917 as amended (50 Stat. 844; 48 U. S. C. 745);