or transferor corporation for the purpose of determining the applicability of section 545 (b) (7), relating to a deduction for payment of certain indebtedness incurred before January 1, 1934. (16) CERTAIN OBLIGATIONS OF DISTRIBUTOR OR TRANSFEROR CORPORATION.-If the acquiring corporation (A) assumes an obligation of the distributor or transferor corporation which, after the date of the distribution or transfer, gives rise to a liability, and (B) such liability, if paid or accrued by the distributor or transferor corporation, would have been deductible in computing its taxable income, the acquiring corporation shall be entitled to deduct such items when paid or accrued, as the case may be, as if such corporation were the distributor or transferor corporation. A corporation which would have been an acquiring corporation under this section if the date of distribution or transfer had occurred on or after the effective date of the provisions of this subchapter applicable to a liquidation or reorganization, as the case may be, shall be entitled, even though the date of distribution or transfer occurred before such effective date, to apply this paragraph with respect to amounts paid or accrued in taxable years beginning after December 31, 1953, on account of such obligations of the distributor or transferor corporation. This paragraph shall not apply if such obligations are reflected in the amount of stock, securities, or property transferred by the acquiring corporation to the transferor corporation for the property of the transferor corporation. (17) DEFICIENCY DIVIDEND OF PERSONAL HOLDING COMPANY.If the acquiring corporation pays a deficiency dividend (as defined in section 547 (d)) with respect to the distributor or transferor corporation, such distributor or transferor corporation shall, with respect to such payments, be entitled to the deficiency dividend deduction provided in section 547. (18) PERCENTAGE DEPLETION ON EXTRACTION OF ORES OR MINERALS FROM THE WASTE OR RESIDUE OF PRIOR MINING. The acquiring corporation shall be considered to be the distributor or transferor corporation for the purpose of determining the applicability of section 613 (c) (3) (relating to extraction of ores or minerals from the ground). (19) CHARITABLE CONTRIBUTIONS IN EXCESS OF PRIOR YEARS' LIMITATION.-Contributions made in the taxable year ending on the date of distribution or transfer and the prior taxable year by the distributor or transferor corporation in excess of the amount deductible under section 170 (b) (2) in such taxable years shall be deductible by the acquiring corporation in its first two taxable years which begin after the date of distribution or transfer, subject to the limitations imposed in section 170 (b) (2). (20) CARRY-OVER OF UNUSED PENSION TRUST DEDUCTIONS IN CERTAIN CASES.-Notwithstanding the other provisions of this section, or section 394 (a), a corporation which has acquired the properties and assumed the liabilities of a wholly owned subsidiary shall be considered to have succeeded to and to be entitled to take into account contributions of the subsidiary to a pension plan, and shall be considered to be the distributor or transferor corporation after the date of distribution or transfer (but not for taxable years with respect to which this paragraph does not apply) for the purpose of determining the amounts deductible under section 404 with respect respect to contributions to a pension plan if (A) the corporate laws of the State of incorporation of the subsidiary required the surviving corporation in the case of merger to be incorporated under the laws of the State of incorporation of the subsidiary; and (B) the properties were acquired in a liquidation of the subsidiary in a transaction subject to section 112 (b) (6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939. (21) PRE-1954 ADJUSTMENTS RESULTING FROM CHANGE IN METHOD OF ACCOUNTING.-The acquiring corporation shall take into account any net amount of any adjustment described in section 481 (b) (4) of the distributor or transferor corporation (A) to the extent such net amount of such adjustment has not been taken into account by the distributor or transferror corporation, and (B) in the same manner and at the same time as such net amount would have been taken into account by the distributor or transferror corporation. (22) SUCCESSOR LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY.-If the acquiring corporation is a life insurance company (as defined in section 801 (a)), there shall be taken into account (to the extent proper to carry out the purposes of this section and part I of subchapter L, and under such regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary or his delegate) the items required to be taken into account for purposes of part I of subchapter L (relating to life insurance companies) in respect of the distributor or transferor corporation. (d) OPERATIONS LOSS CARRYBACKS AND CARRYOVERS OF LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES. For application of this part to operations loss carrybacks and carryovers of life insurance companies, see section 812 (f). SEC. 382. SPECIAL LIMITATIONS ON NET OPERATING LOSS CARRYOVERS. (a) PURCHASE OF A CORPORATION AND CHANGE IN ITS TRADE OR BUSINESS. (1) IN GENERAL.-If, at the end of a taxable year of a corporation (A) any one or more of those persons described in paragraph (2) own a percentage of the total fair market value of the outstanding stock of such corporation which is at least 50 percentage points more than such person or persons owned at (i) the beginning of such taxable year, or (B) the increase in percentage points at the end of such taxable year is attributable to (i) a purchase by such person or persons of such stock, the stock of another corporation owning stock in such corporation, or an interest in a partnership or trust owning stock in such corporation, or (ii) a decrease in the amount of such stock outstanding or the amount of stock outstanding of another corporation owning stock in such corporation, except a decrease resulting from a redemption to pay death taxes to which section 303 applies, and (C) such corporation has not continued to carry on a trade or business substantially the same as that conducted before any change in the percentage ownership of the fair market value of such stock, the net operating loss carryovers, if any, from prior taxable years of such corporation to such taxable year and subsequent taxable years shall not be included in the net operating loss deduction for such taxable year and subsequent taxable years. (2) DESCRIPTION OF PERSON OR PERSONS.-The person or persons referred to in paragraph (1) shall be the 10 persons (or such lesser number as there are persons owning the outstanding stock at the end of such taxable year) who own the greatest percentage of the fair market value of such stock at the end of such taxable year; except that, if any other person owns the same percentage of such stock at such time as is owned by one of the 10 persons, such person shall also be included. If any of the persons are so related that such stock owned by one is attributed to the other under the rules specified in paragraph (3), such persons shall be considered as only one person solely for the purpose of selecting the 10 persons (more or less) who own the greatest percentage of the fair market value of such outstanding stock. (3) ATTRIBUTION OF OWNERSHIP.-Section 318 (relating to constructive ownership of stock) shall apply in determining the ownership of stock, except that section 318 (a) (2) (C) shall be applied without regard to the 50 percent limitation contained therein. (4) DEFINITION OF PURCHASE.-For purposes of this subsection, the term "purchase" means the acquisition of stock, the basis of which is determined solely by reference to its cost to the holder thereof, in a transaction from a person or persons other than the person or persons the ownership of whose stock would be attributed to the holder by application of paragraph (3). (b) CHANGE OF OWNERSHIP AS THE RESULT OF A REORGANIZA TION. (1) IN GENERAL.-If, in the case of a reorganization specified in paragraph (2) of section 381 (a), the transferor corporation or the acquiring corporation (A) has a net operating loss which is a net operating loss carryover to the first taxable year of the acquiring corporation ending after the date of transfer, and (B) the stockholders (immediately before the reorganization) of such corporation (hereinafter in this subsection referred to as the "loss corporation"), as the result of owning stock of the loss corporation, own (immediately after the reorganization) less than 20 percent of the fair market value of the outstanding stock of the acquiring corporation, the total net operating loss carryover from prior taxable years of the loss corporation to the first taxable year of the acquiring corporation ending after the date of transfer shall be reduced by the percentage determined under paragraph (2). (2) REDUCTION OF NET OPERATING LOSS CARRYOVER.-The reduc tion applicable under paragraph (1) shall be the percentage determined by subtracting from 100 percent (A) the percent of the fair market value of the outstanding stock of the acquiring corporation owned (immediately after the reorganization) by the stockholders (immediately before the reorganization) of the loss corporation, as the result of owning stock of the loss corporation, multiplied by (B) five. (3) EXCEPTION TO LIMITATION IN THIS SUBSECTION.-The limitation in this subsection shall not apply if the transferor corporation and the acquiring corporation are owned substantially by the same persons in the same proportion. (4) NET OPERATING LOSS CARRYOVERS TO SUBSEQUENT YEARS.In computing the net operating loss carryovers to taxable years subsequent to a taxable year in which there was a limitation applicable to a net operating loss carryover by operation of this subsection, the income in such taxable year, as computed under section 172 (b) (2), shall be increased by the amount of the reduction of the total net operating loss carryover determined under paragraph (2). (5) ATTRIBUTION OF OWNERSHIP.-If the transferor corporation or the acquiring corporation owns (immediately before the reorganization) any of the outstanding stock of the loss corporation, such transferor corporation or acquiring corporation shall, for purposes of this subsection, be treated as owning (immediately after the reorganization) a percentage of the fair market value of the acquiring corporation's outstanding stock which bears the same ratio to the percentage of the fair market value of the outstanding stock of the loss corporation (immediately before the reorganization) owned by such transferor corporation or acquiring corporation as the fair market value of the total outstanding stock of the loss corporation (immediately before the reorganization) bears to the fair market value of the total outstanding stock of the acquiring corporation (immediately after the reorganization). (6) STOCK OF CORPORATION CONTROLLING ACQUIRING CORPORATION.-If the stockholders of the loss corporation (immediately before the reorganization) own, as a result of the reorganization, stock in a corporation controlling the acquiring corporation, such stock of the controlling corporation shall, for purposes of this subsection, be treated as stock of the acquiring corporation in an amount valued at an equivalent fair market value. (c) DEFINITION OF STOCK. For purposes of this section, "stock" means all shares except nonvoting stock which is limited and preferred as to dividends. PART VI-EFFECTIVE DATE OF SUBCHAPTER C Sec. 391. Effective date of part I. Sec. 393. Effective dates of parts III and IV. Sec. 394. Effective date of part V. Sec. 395. Special rules for application of this subchapter. SEC. 391. EFFECTIVE DATE OF PART I. Except as otherwise provided in this subchapter, part I shall take effect on June 22, 1954. Section 306 shall apply only with respect to dispositions (or redemptions) occurring on or after June 22, 1954. In the case of (1) any acquisition of stock described in section 304 which occurred before June 22, 1954, and (2) any acquisition of stock described in such section which occurred on or after June 22, 1954, and on or before December 31, 1958, pursuant to a contract entered into before June 22, 1954, the extent to which the property received in return for such acquisition shall be treated as a dividend shall be determined as if the Internal Revenue Code of 1939 continued to apply in respect of such acquisition and as if this Code had not been enacted. SEC. 392. EFFECTIVE DATE OF PART II. (a) GENERAL RULE.-Except as otherwise provided in this subchapter, part II shall apply with respect to a plan of liquidation only if the first distribution in pursuance of such plan occurs on or after June 22, 1954. Section 341 shall apply only with respect to sales, exchanges, and distributions on or after June 22, 1954. (b) SPECIAL RULE FOR CERTAIN SALES DURING 1954. (1) NONRECOGNITION OF GAIN OR LOSS.-If— (A) all of the assets of a corporation (less assets retained to meet claims) are distributed before January 1, 1955, in complete liquidation of such corporation; and (B) the corporation elects (at such time and in such manner as the Secretary or his delegate may by regulations prescribe) to have this subsection apply, then no gain or loss shall be recognized to such corporation from the sale or exchange by it of property during the calendar year 1954. (2) CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF SECTION 337 MADE APPLICABLE.-For purposes of paragraph (1)— (A) the term "property" has the meaning given to such term by section 337 (b); except that any determination required by section 337 (b) to be made by reference to the date of the adoption of the plan of liquidation shall be made by reference to January 1, 1954; and (B) the limitations of section 337 (c) shall apply. For purposes of section 453 (d) (4) (B) (relating to disposition of installment obligations), nonrecognition of gain or loss under paragraph (1) of this subsection shall be treated as nonrecognition of gain or loss under section 337. (3) PLANS OF LIQUIDATION ADOPTED AFTER DECEMBER 31, 1953, AND BEFORE JUNE 22, 1954.—If the plan of complete liquidation was adopted after December 31, 1953, and before June 22, 1954, then, at the election of the corporation (made at such time and in such manner as the Secretary or his delegate may by regulations prescribe) (A) the 12-month period beginning on the date of the adoption of such plan shall be (i) the period for distribution (in lieu of the requirement in paragraph (1) (A) of this subsection that the |