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EQUIPMENT

Quantity, code, and specification

1 Motorola model L43MHB 3190-M 40-watt transistorized consolette base radio station with microphone and private line capability.

1 TDD 6073 omnidirectional antenna.

1 TDN 6062A 80-foot transmission line kit.

3 Motorola model T63MHT3160-K, 80-watt, widespaced transmitter Motroc mobile radion unit including 2 pair of transmit and receive channel elements and 4 frequency capability. Ir cludes all accessories for trunk mount operation...

2 HT 23FFN 3130 AN andie-talkie portable radio units with all accessories with 5 watts: output and private line.

Total equipment...

1 installation of mobile.

1 installation of base station..

Total equipment installed..

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MAINTENANCE AND DELIVERY

Maintenance and Delivery of your equipment for your entire system will be taken care of by your regular Motorola Service Station owned by Earl Clausen of Milltown. For delivery of your system allow approximately 12 weeks after receipt of the order at the factory.

LICENSING

A new frequency will have to be applied for and approved by the FCC which I will assist you in filing.

I thank the County of Pierce for allowing me this opportunity to propose for your City a new high-band communications system. If there are any further questions which I can assist you in, please contact me in Eau Claire at 832-8996.

With best regards,

WILLIAM G. KENYON, Radio Communications Representative.

WISCONSIN COUNCIL ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE

GRANT AWARD

The Wisconsin Council on Criminal Justice hereby awards to the City of Prescott (hereinafter called the "Grantee") the amount of $4,134 for programs or projects pursuant to Part C, Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968.

This grant may be used until June 30, 1971 for the programs or projects enumerated in Attachment A to this grant award, subject to any limitations or conditions set forth in Attachment B to this Grant Award.

The Grantee shall administer the programs or projects for which this grant is awarded in accordance with the applicable rules, regulations, and conditions of the Council, as set forth in Attachment C to this Grant Award.

This grant shall become effective, and funds may be obligated (unless otherwise specified in Attachment B) when the Grantee signs and returns a copy of this Grant Award to the Council.

APRIL 21, 1970.

ROBERT W. WARREN,
Attorney General.

The

hereby signifies its acceptance of the

above described grant on the terms and conditions set forth above or incorporated by reference therein.

GRANTEE: City of Prescott.
APRIL 28, 1970.

JOSEPH C. KITTILSON, Mayor.

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Mr. MONAGAN. I want to express appreciation to you, Mr. Kelly, from the members of the subcommittee, for your coming here. You show an excellent grasp of the problem. I think it is very encouraging to see a man of your caliber heading this program, with your openminded and forward-looking point of view. I hope you won't mind if the subcommittee takes some credit for having galvanized the authorities into action. Perhaps it is not so dramatic to have changes come in this way prior to the actual hearing, but at least if there is accomplishment, that is what we are interested in.

I believe we can look forward to that in the immediate future, in view of the upcoming meeting of your council this month.

Mr. KELLY. I do have one question for the subcommittee, and that is what you anticipate as to your own work schedule with respect to the questions that have been raised today. In other words, we as a State will be very interested in whatever continuing investigations you have in this area and whatever suggestions you may have.

Mr. MONAGAN. At the moment, this phase of the hearings will terminate probably tomorrow. After that time, we will meet and issue a report. But, of course, you have to bear in mind there are two other committees which have jurisdiction over this matter. One is the legislative committee, the Judiciary Committee. The other is the appropriations subcommittee having jurisdiction of the Justice Department's appropriation.

Mr. KELLY. Finally, I have one comment. I did not see the precise testimony of Mr. Rogovin yesterday, but I did read the report of it on the plane on the way down. Much as I have some substantial agreement with Mr. Rogovin in the area of police reform in particular, I would ask this committee to consider with great care the question of whether or not you are going to choose to recommend suspension of funding. I can tell you with respect to Wisconsin that that would be a disaster.

Mr. MONAGAN. We will consider Mr. Rogovin's recommendation with great care.

Mr. ST GERMAIN. It was an unpopular observation.

Mr. MONAGAN. I have not conferred with the members of the committee. I expressed my own opinion after his testimony yesterday, saying that it was a radical proposal and one with which I did not agree. I believe that is the sentiment of the committee. However, we cannot prevent Mr. Rogovin from having his opinion, however radical it may be.

Thank you very much, Mr. Kelly.

(Supplemental material to Mr. Kelly's prepared statement follows:)

PART I. RADIO COMMUNICATIONS

PRESENT SYSTEMS

There presently exist in the State of Wisconsin some 300 or more State, county, and local police radio systems operating on approximately 100 different radio frequencies scattered throughout the public safety radio spectrum. This spectrum includes the low-band frequencies of 35 to 50 MHz, high-band frequencies of 150 to 160 MHz, and ultra high-band frequencies of 450 to 470 MHz. The very nature of these many individually developed systems make them ineffective outside of their local jurisdictions. With a few notable exceptions, radio communication is based on the same operational concepts as in the 1930's. Congestion has intensified as more mobile radios and portable radios are added to each system, and is most severe in the southeastern metropolitan area of the State.

Presently, interdepartment radio communications are possible on departmentto-department-point-to-point-frequencies. With few exceptions, all dispatch centers have the facilities to operate through low- and high-band frequencies. The State Communications Center transmits to all jurisdictions on 45.86 MHz and receives on 39.46 and 155.370 MHz. Local agencies for complete intersystems communication transmit on 39.46 and 155.370 MHz and receive on 39.46, 45.86, and 155.370 MHz (see fig. 1).

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Basically the point-to-point system has been used to transmit administrative messages, record checks, wanted persons and stolen vehicles. The system is no longer totally subjected to these messages since the passage of legislation in 1969 requiring all counties in the State to have teletype machines.

FIGURE 1

In July of 1969 the Wisconsin Council on Criminal Justice funded the Wisconsin Emergency Police Service, Division of Motor Vehicles for an emergency suitable repeater system. The system was developed when it became evident that there was a breakdown in police radio communications in major disorders which demanded the coordination of a number of police agencies. At such times, both the congestion and lack of flexibility of local networks became a weakness.

The system presently consists of eight suitcase repeaters and 150 portable handheld radios, all operating on a special common frequency. Each of the six State patrol headquarters in the State has available one suitcase repeater and 15 portable hand-held radios for use by local jurisdictions in the event of civil disorder or similar situations. The remaining units are available through the Office of Emergency Police Services.

A. Intra-Systems

PROBLEMS AND NEEDS

As stated earlier, individual systems tend to operate as they were developed in the 1930's and 1940's. Such systems were developed within the low-band public safety spectrum which was the most available and operational at that time. When such low-band frequencies became congested, high-band frequencies were utilized as an alternative measure without knowledge of actual wave length performance. Today, however, after much technological advancement more is known about wave length characteristics which must be adapted to law enforcement communications.

Studies conducted by the Bell Laboratories and shown in figure 2 reveal the general characteristics of police frequency bands.1

1 President's Task Force Report: Science and Technology, p. 116.

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There has been a strong tendency based on the above data for police to prefer "high-band" in the VHF frequency range. Additionally, as noted from figure 2, urban police might obtain somewhat superior service using the 450 MHZ (ultrahigh band) rather than high band. Presently, however, the move to ultra-high band frequencies has been slowed by the cost of such equipment and the fact that all present equipment must be completely replaced if ultra-high band equipment is to be used.2

The move to abandon low-band frequencies has also been slowed by the congestion of present high-band frequencies. Such congestion of authorized usage has limited others in the same geographical areas from also using that frequency regardless of the actual volume and amount of broadcast time. Today with the use of tone-coding and other technological advances, frequency sharing is possible and advisable for smaller departments. Police circles have been slow to accept this concept of implementation. However, with funding assistance by the Wisconsin Council on Criminal Justice, cooperative ventures of this type are being put into operation for the maximum utilization of frequency space and police communication.

Individual departments must also consider the utilization of their manpower as well as frequency usage. Agencies should be encouraged to utilize on a coordinated basis shared dispatch services where feasible. Such joint operations are especially advisable in share housing facilities (city-county buildings, safety buildings), areas where 24-hour dispatch service by individual departments is not practical (rural areas), and areas where the geographical layout points to mutual advantages for such joint dispatching service (contiguous suburbs and areas with common telephone exchanges).

Additionally, technological advances should be incorporated into communication systems. Portable hand-held radios are no longer a luxury but a necessity for the personal safety of the officer and to utilize his services at all times. Research into voice-scrambling equipment and the use of teleprinters as well as other communications equipment is now underway.

B. Inter-Systems

With the implementation and upgrading of an automated teletype service (See part II) all jurisdictions must make a significant effort to assure that established point-to-point frequencies are utilized for fast and effective inter-systems coordination. All dispatch centers must also be committed to monitoring point-to-point frequencies at all times (24 hours a day). Properly operated, these frequencies can be utilized for in-progress activities requiring joint jurisdiction communications.

This present point-to-point system is not the sole answer for coordination of police operations since it does not provide for total intersystem communication by mobile officers in need of communication with jurisdictions other than their own. Such need is intensely felt in the rural areas of Wisconsin where the only assistance available is from neighboring jurisdictions.

* President's Task Force Report: Science and Technology, 1967, p. 32.

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