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(b) The term "person" includes an individual, corporation, partnership, association, or any other organized group of any of the foregoing, or legal successor or representative of any of the foregoing.

(c) The term "district court" means any district court of the United States, and the United States court for any Territory or other place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.

(d) The term "veterans of World War II" shall include persons who have served in the active military or naval forces of the United States on or after September 16, 1940, and prior to the termination of hostilities in World War II, and who have been discharged or released therefrom under conditions other than dishonorable, and persons serving in the military or naval forces of the United States requiring housing accommodations for their dependent families.

SEC. 9. There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out the provisions and purposes of this Act: Provided, however, That so much of the First Deficiency Appropriation Act, 1946 (Public Law Numbered 269, Seventy-ninth Congress, approved December 28, 1945), as reads "Provided, That none of the funds available under this head for administrative expenses shall be used in paying the salary of any person engaged in making or processing loans in excess of $500,000 to any State, any subdivision thereof, any municipality therein, or any public authority, for construction purposes, unless in pursuance of a specific authorization, except, however, that this provision shall not apply to any application or loan approved or made prior to December 15, 1945", shall not apply to loans made for construction, removal, or remodeling of housing by publicly supported educational institutions where made for the purposes of housing veterans enrolled and attending such institution."

SEC. 10. (a) Section 603 (a) of the National Housing Act, as amended, is hereby amended to read as follows:

"(a) In order to assist in relieving the acute shortage of housing which now exists and to increase the supply of housing accommodations available to veterans of World War II at prices within their reasonable ability to pay, the Administrator is authorized, upon application by the mortgagee, to insure as hereinafter provided any mortgage which is eligible for insurance as hereinafter provided, and, upon such terms as the Administrator may prescribe, to make commitments for the insuring of such mortgages prior to the date of their execution or disbursement thereon: Provided, That the aggregate amount of principal obligations of all mortgages insured under this title shall not exceed $2,800,000,000 except that with the approval of the President such aggregate amount may be increased to not to exceed $3,800,000,000: Provided further, That no mortgage shall be insured under this title after June 30, 1947, except (A) pursuant to a commitment to insure issued on or before June 30, 1947, or (B) a mortgage given to refinance an existing mortgage insured under .this title and which does not exceed the original principal amount and unexpired term of such existing mortgage: And provided further, That the Administrator shall, in his discretion, have power to require the availability for rental purposes of properties covered by mortgages insured under this title, in such instances and for such periods of time as he may prescribe."

(b) Section 603 (b) (2) of the National Housing Act, as amended, is hereby amended to read as follows:

"(2) involve a principal obligation (including such initial service charges, appraisal, inspection, and other fees as the Administrator shall approve) in an amount not to exceed 90 per centum of the Administrator's estimate of the necessary current cost (including the land and such initial service charges and such appraisal, inspection, and other fees as the Administrator shall approve) of a property, urban, suburban, or rural, upon which there is located a dwelling designed principally for residential use for not more than four families in the aggregate, which is approved for mortgage insurance prior to the beginning of construction. The principal obligation of such mortgage shall in no event, however, exceed

"(A) $5,400 if such dwelling is designed for a singlefamily residence, or

"(B) $7,500 if such dwelling is designed for a two-family residence, or

"(C) $9,500 if such dwelling is designed for a threefamily residence, or

"(D) $12,000 if such dwelling is designed for a fourfamily residence:

Provided, That the Administrator may, if he finds that at any time or in any particular geographical area it is not feasible, within such limitations of maximum mortgage amounts, to construct dwellings without sacrifice of sound standards of construction, design, or livability, prescribe by regulation or otherwise higher maximum mortgage amounts not to exceed

"(A) $8,100 if such dwelling is designed for a singlefamily residence, or

"(B) $12,500 if such dwelling is designed for a two-family residence, or

"(C) $15,750 if such dwelling is designed for a threefamily residence, or

"(D) $18,000 if such dwelling is designed for a four-family residence."

(c) Section 603 (b) (5) of the National Housing Act, as amended, is hereby amended to read as follows:

"(5) bear interest (exclusive of premium charges for insurance) at not to exceed 4 per centum per annum on the amount of the principal obligation outstanding at any time."

(d) Section 603 (c) of the National Housing Act, as amended, is hereby amended (1) by striking out of the third sentence the word "emergency" and inserting in lieu thereof the words "shortage of housing", and (2) by striking out the last sentence thereof and inserting in lieu thereof the following sentence: "The Administrator shall prescribe such procedures as in his judgment are necessary to secure to veterans of World War II, and their immediate families, and to hardship cases as defined by the Administrator, preference or priority of opportunity to purchase or rent properties covered by mortgages insured under this title."

(e) Section 604 (b) of the National Housing Act, as amended, is hereby amended by striking out the words "appraised value of such property as determined by the Administrator" and inserting in lieu

thereof the following: "Administrator's estimate of the necessary current cost".

(f) Section 608 (b) of the National Housing Act, as amended, is hereby amended:

(1) by amending paragraph numbered (2) thereof to read as follows:

"(2) Preference or priority of opportunity in the occupancy of the mortgaged property for veterans of World War II and their immediate families, and for hardship cases as defined by the Administrator, shall be provided under such regulations and procedures as may be prescribed by the Administrator.";

(2) by amending paragraph (3) (C) to read as follows:

"(C) not to exceed $1,500 per room for such part of such property or project as may be attributable to dwelling use: Provided, That the Administrator may increase this amount to $1,800 where in his discretion cost levels so require."; and

(3) by striking out "reasonable replacement cost" and inserting in lieu thereof "necessary current cost".

(g) Section 608 (c) of the National Housing Act, as amended, is hereby amended by inserting in the third sentence before the semicolon at the end of clause (C), the following: "and any mortgage insurance premiums paid after default”.

SEC. 11. (a) The last paragraph of section 2 (e) of the Emergency Price Control Act of 1942, as amended (50 U. S. C. 902 (e)), shall not apply to subsidies, which the Reconstruction Finance Corporation may make hereunder, in the form of premium payments used only to the extent that the Housing Expediter (after considering all available means) finds them temporarily necessary to increase the supply of materials for the veterans' emergency housing program and for other construction, maintenance, and repair essential to the national wellbeing: Provided, That not more than $400,000,000 shall be used for such premium payments.

(b) The following standards shall be applied by the Housing Expediter to premium payments:

(1) Premium payments shall be used only temporarily and only with relation to additional units of production beyond that otherwise attainable (as determined by the Housing Expediter by general regulation for the industry involved), where such premium payments are necessary to stimulate such additional production with greater rapidity, economy, or certainty than other available methods.

(2) The value of the units of production to which premium payments are applied (A) in the case of any new producer (except of new type materials) shall not exceed 50 per centum of the value at the producers' level of the output of such producer, and (B) in the aggregate shall not exceed 30 per centum of the value at the producers' level of all materials needed for the veterans' emergency housing program and for other construction, maintenance, and repair essential to the national well-being. The average rate of premium payments shall not exceed 25 per centum of the value of the units of production to which they are applied.

(3) Premium payments shall wherever feasible be applied at a uniform rate within any industry requiring them, rather than at varying rates for each producer.

(4) The stimulation of necessary additional production by premium payments shall place emphasis upon avoiding either economic dislocations or adverse effects upon established business.

(5) New type materials to which premium payments are applied shall be tested for sound quality.

(c) Not more than $15,000,000 of the funds made available under this section may be used to the extent that other funds are unavailable for the construction of access roads to standing timber on lands owned by or under the jurisdiction of an agency of Government.

SEC. 12. (a) The powers vested in the Reconstruction Finance Corporation pursuant to clause (a) of section 5d (3) of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation Act, as amended (15 U. S. C. 606b (3)), may be used to underwrite or guarantee markets for new type building materials and prefabricated houses, but only to the extent that the Housing Expediter finds this necessary to assure a sufficient supply for the veterans' emergency housing program: Provided, That the number of prefabricated houses covered by outstanding underwriting or guaranty (including such houses as may be held by the Housing Expediter) shall at no time during the program exceed two hundred thousand.

(b) The following standards shall be applied by the Housing Expediter to such underwriting or guaranty:

(1) To avoid impairment of established enterprises, new type materials and prefabricated houses shall be encouraged only to supplement such expanded production of conventional type materials and houses (with access to available materials) as can be achieved with sufficient rapidity and economy.

(2) There shall be reasonable prospect of either (A) full return to the Government of any funds involved in such underwriting or guaranty, or (B) net cost to the Government substantially lower than under any other available method of achieving the necessary expansion of production. Toward this end, the underwriting or guaranty of such materials or houses shall not be for more than 90 per centum of the producers' standard delivery price. The Housing Expediter shall maintain constant review of experience toward the objective that the total net costs to the Government shall in no event exceed 5 per centum of the total amount of underwriting or guaranty undertaken.

(3) There shall be clear evidence that the new type materials or prefabricated houses require underwriting or guaranty only temporarily until they attain general market acceptability.

(4) Emphasis shall be placed upon avoiding either economic dislocations or adverse effects upon established business.

(5) New type materials and prefabricated houses shall be tested for sound quality and (in the case of such houses) for durability, livability, and safety.

(6) Any underwriting or guaranty shall require adequate showing by the producer that he has sufficient working capital and experience, and that he can achieve the desired production on time under conditions satisfactory to the Housing Expediter.

SEC. 13. If any provision of this Act or the application of such provision to any person or circumstances shall be held invalid, the validity of the remainder of the Act and the applicability of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

Approved May 22, 1946.

[PUBLIC LAW 452-79TH CONGRESS]

[CHAPTER 498-2D SESSION]

[H. R. 5796]

AN ACT

To amend title II of the Act entitled "An Act to expedite the provision of housing in connection with national defense, and for other purposes", approved October 14, 1940, as amended, to permit the making of contributions, during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1947, for the maintenance and operation of certain school facilities, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That title II of the Act entitled "An Act to expedite the provision of housing in connection with national defense, and for other purposes", approved October 14, 1940, as amended, is amended by adding at the end thereof the following section:

"SEC. 205. In order to enable school authorities that are still overburdened with war-incurred school enrollments to meet their needs during the transition from war to peacetime conditions, the Federal Works Administrator is authorized to continue to make, during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1947, contributions for the operation and maintenance of school facilities to (a) local school agencies requiring assistance that have received during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1946, contributions under this Act for the maintenance and operation of their school facilities; and (b) local school agencies requiring assistance that may be subject to a loss of tax revenues because of the acquisition or ownership of land by the United States. Contributions under this section may be made without regard to sections 202 and 301 of this Act and to the provisions in any appropriation Act heretofore enacted appropriating funds to carry out the functions vested in the Federal Works Administrator by title II and title III of this Act which may conflict with the purpose of this section, and such contributions may be made notwithstanding the declaration by the President that any existing emergency has ceased to exist. Appropriations and existing appropriations heretofore authorized to carry out the purposes of titles II and III of this Act are hereby authorized to carry out the purposes of this section.”

Approved June 26, 1946.

(182)

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