direction to all his internal feelings and affections*.

2d. She must accustom her child from the earliest infancy, to an unconditional, prompt, and cheerful obedience.

3d. Let every Mother, by practice as well as by precept, endeavour to act so as always to present to him the moral law, by intuition; a child has not only a quick ear, but a quicker eye, than we generally believe. No success can be expected in education, 'till we abandon a religion of words, and take up that of actions; till doing supersede talking; till we have more practitioners than preachers.

4th. The heart and imagination must be preserved pure and undefiled; this cannot be done, except children live constantly with their PARENTS.

Why should Parents banish their children from their tables, and condemn them to as

* 66 Mères, soignez vos enfants; j'aurois honte de dire, aimez les; mais je le répète, veillez sur eux avec une attention soutenue, il n'est jamais trop tôt de vous en occuper. La providence commence à les diriger dès l'instant où leurs yeux s'ouvrent; ne tardez pas à seconder la Providence." PESTALOZZI.

sociate with those from whom they will in all probability acquire not only bad manners but bad ideas? Parents must, of course, prescribe to themselves simplicity in the regulation of their table, discountenance uncharitable and unprofitable discussion, and introduce such topics only as will tend to promote moral and intellectual improvement. And would not this self-government, this Christian sobriety of habits, of manners and of heart, this departure from the fashion and spirit of the world, be as advantageous to Parents as to Children?

Great precaution is necessary in the choice of companions, and no book should be allowed, of the utility of which a Mother is not perfectly satisfied, after a scrupulous examination. Practical Mothers probably find few books, even among those of acknowledged superiority, that do not require passages expunging, and pages cutting out. Many authors who write for children, teach evil in their zeal to counteract it. The fear of darkness, the dislike and dread of particular insects and other animals, thoughtless cruelties, and various feelings, actions, habits, and prejudices, of which Children who are the companions of

enlightened Parents have no idea, are minutely detailed; interspersed with suitable admonitions, counteractions, advice, and ridicule.

In families where Parents perform their duty, books of this description, so far from being necessary, would be positively mischievous: where poison has not been administered, antidotes are not required: and in Families where Children receive their early education in the nursery, the housekeeper's room, and the stable, books will be found powerless to conquer early habit and evil example.

The minds and bodies of Children should be kept in constant activity, by instruction, by gymnastic* and other corporeal exercises and amusements, all tending to some useful end.

The slips of wood, cubes, oblongs, measures, &c. and every article used by the pupils, should as far as possible be of their own making.

The various employments of the workshop (of course including mechanics,) and the

*See a French work lately published by M. Clias, also an English one by an officer, on gymnastic exercises.

garden, under direction, will be found the most agreeable and useful of their active recreations; and capable of affording exercise for HAND, HEAD, and HEART. Some practical as well as theoretical knowledge of the arts of life, would be of more value, and would serve as a better preparation for the duties of manhood, than idle, aimless, or mischievous sports; unprofitable at the moment, and indisposing to the studies which are to follow.

The moral principle may be further strengthened by giving them a habit of punctually fulfilling their daily duties, thus teaching them the inestimable value of time; of respecting other people's property, and particularly the property (however intrinsically trifling) of their young companions; of kindly supporting their infant brothers and sisters ; of voluntarily renouncing and denying themselves comforts and amusements, in order early to acquire a certain degree of selfcommand, of humility, and of Christian affections, by accustoming them to reflection, and gradually training them to consider the end of every action: this habit will not only save them from many follies and errors, but

will lead in time to a conscientious employment of every talent; to that

Wisdom, whose fruits are purity and peace."

But all directions will be utterly thrown away, unless the child pass the day under the active superintendence of the Mother, or of some intelligent relation, residing in the family, and participating with the Parents in its welfare. Wo to the Mother who is obliged to abandon her children during the greater part of the day to domestics and hirelings-no, not obliged, there is no duty so imperious, no social convenience, no fashionable custom so commanding as to oblige her; for maternal care precedes all other duties*: a proper discharge of the maternal duties is essential to the peace, the good government, and to the present and future virtue and happiness of a family; wo, therefore, to the Mother who thus voluntarily abandons her little ones.

*“La nature vous crie de soigner vous-même votre enfant, ne l'abandonnez donc point à des mains étrangères ; y-a-t-il une autre creature qui puisse remplacer une Mère?" PESTALOZZI.