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Berlin November 13, 1908, or to the present Convention. After August 1, 1931, they can adhere only to the present Convention.

ARTICLE 29.

(1) The present Convention shall remain in effect for an indeterminate time, until the expiration of one year from the day when denunciation of it shall have been made.

(2) This denunciation shall be addressed to the Government of the Swiss Confederation. It shall be effective only as regards the country which shall have made it, the Convention remaining in force for the other countries of the Union.

ARTICLE 30.

(1) The countries which introduce into their legislation the term of protection of fifty years* provided for by Article 7, paragraph 1, of the present Convention, shall make it known to the Government of the Swiss Confederation by a written notification which shall be communicated at once by that Government to all the other countries of the Union.

(2) It shall be the same for such countries as shall renounce any reservations made or maintained by them in virtue of Articles 25 and 27. In testimony of which, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Convention.

Done at Rome, the second of June, one thousand nine hundred and twenty-eight, in a single copy, which shall be deposited in the archives of the Royal Italian Government. One copy, properly certified, shall be sent through diplomatic channels to each of the countries of the Union.

Countries Parties to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, Revised at Rome, 1928 (According to the records of the Department of State, April 15, 1941)

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Article 7 provides for a general term of protection for life of author and

fifty years.

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Customs Regulations Affecting Copyrighted Works

In consequence of the amendment of section 33 of the Copyright Act by the Act approved April 11, 1940, article 542 of the Customs Regulations of 1937 was amended by adding a new article as follows:

Art. 5421⁄2 [Sec. 9.16a]. Recordation of Copyrighted Works.-(a) For the practical and efficient administration of the provisions of sections 30 and 31 of the Copyright Act it is deemed essential that the copyrighted work be registered in accordance with the provisions of that Act and that customs field officers be notified of such registration and, except in the case of books and other printed works which may be readily identified by title and name of the author, furnished with adequate photographic or other likenesses of the copyrighted work for comparison with similar imported works.

(b) In the case of books and other printed works which may be readily identified by title and name of the author, there shall be filed in the office of the Director of the Customs Information Exchange, 201 Varick Street, New York, N. Y., an application in duplicate for recordation of the copyrighted work, together with 1,000 notices in the form indicated below, printed in eleven point roman type on plain white cards of medium weight, size 3 x 5 inches, for distribution to customs field officers throughout the United States, including Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Hawaii, and Alaska.

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One copy of the application for recordation and two of the index cards shall be mailed by the Customs Information Exchange to the Bureau for its files.

Where the work is published in a foreign country under a different title, the foreign title as well as the title under which the work is copyrighted shall be shown on the index cards. An ad interim copyright shall be indicated on the index card by the words "ad interim" preceding the registration number. Where such ad interim copyright is extended to a full term copyright, as provided for in section 22 of the Copyright Act, notice of such extension, together with the full-term registration number and the date thereof, shall be communicated to the Commissioner of Customs, Washington, D. C., within 30 days after such date. Extensions of ad interim

copyrights to full term copyrights will be communicated to customs field officers quarterly by the Bureau of Customs, together with a list of those registered ad interim copyrights in respect of which a notice of extension has not been received within five months after the date of the ad interim registration. The records of field officers will be adjusted accordingly.

(c) In the case of copyrighted works other than those specified in (b), application for recordation shall be made to the Commissioner of Customs, Washington, D. C. Such application shall be accompanied by one certified copy of the certificate of registration issued by the Copyright Office pursuant to the provisions of section 55 of the Copyright Act, as amended, and a sufficient number of photographic or other adequate likenesses of the copyrighted work to record the copyrighted work in such customs districts as the applicant may designate.

(d) The number of likenesses required for recordation in the Bureau and in individual districts is the same as the number of facsimiles of trademarks required by article 538 (b) [Sec. 9.14 (b)] of the Customs Regulations of 1937, as amended by T. D. 50005. (Act of April 11, 1940, Public No. 450, 76th Congress.)

And article 544(b) was amended to read:

(b) [Sec. 9.18 (b)] All articles bearing a false notice of copyright (except when imported in the mails) shall be seized and forfeited. Such articles imported in the mails shall be returned to the postmaster for return to the sender as non-deliverable. (Act of April 11, 1940, Public No. 450, 76th Congress.)

Selected Bibliography on Copyright Law

TEXTBOOKS:

AMDUR, LEON H.: Copyright Law and Practice (1936), Clark, Boardman & Co., Ltd., New York.

Of special value in relation to practice and procedure in courts. BIRRELL, AUGUSTINE: The Law and History of Copyright in Books (1899), G. T. Putnam's Sons, New York.

Entertaining account of the development of British copyright law prior to the Act of 1911.

BOWKER, RICHARD R.: Copyright, Its History and Its Law (1912), Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston and New York.

First treatise on the Copyright Act of 1909, by one who took a prominent part in its formation.

BRIGGS, WILLIAM: The Law of International Copyright (1906), London, Stevens and Haynes.

Of special value in relation to the development of international and colonial copyright law.

COPPINGER'S Law of Copyright (7th ed. 1936), Sweet & Maxwell, Ltd., London.

Leading work on the present British Act of 1911.

CURTIS, GEORGE T.:

A Treatise on the Law of Copyright (1847), Little & Brown, Boston.

Earliest work on American copyright law.

DEWOLF, RICHARD C.: An Outline of Copyright Law (1925), John W.
Luce & Co., Boston.

Carefully written manual on the present copyright law of the
United States.

DRONE, EATON S.: A Treatise on the Law of Property in Intellectual Productions in Great Britain and the United States (1879), Little, Brown & Co., Boston.

Of special interest in connection with the origin and nature of literary property and still often quoted on fundamental principles.

FROHLICH and SCHWARTZ: The Law of Motion Pictures, including the Law of the Theatre (1918), Baker, Voorhis & Co., New York. HALE, WILLIAM B.: The Law of Copyright and Literary Property, in Corpus Juris, Vol. XIII, pp. 936-1268, ed. of 1917.

LADAS, STEPHEN P.: The International Protection of Literary and Artis

tic Property (2 vols., 1938), The Macmillan Co., New York. Deals extensively with the laws of foreign countries and the development of international copyright, with a chapter devoted to the existing United States Copyright Act of 1909. SHAFTER, ALFRED M.: Musical Copyright (2d ed. 1939), Callaghan and Co., Chicago.

SOLBERG, THORVALD: Copyright in Congress, 1789-1904.

Government

Printing Office, Washington, D. C. (1904). Bibliography and chronological record of proceedings in Congress in relation to copyright during the period indicated.

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