made the weeks slide rapidly through the winter of 1774-75. "I was flattered with the idea that many worthy men rejoiced at my coming both to prevent evil and do good," he writes. But he was constantly oppressed, it really seems, by the stupendous mass of the overwhelming wealth, resources and power of England. "The numbers, opulence, etc., of this great city far surpassed all I had imagined. My ideas are upon the rack, my astonishment amazing." He was warned among the great among whom he dined to be on his guard against the temptations and bribery of the administration; that he would be corrupted if he were corruptible. After one of these dinners in London high life Quincy wrote to his wife: I yesterday heard two eminent bankers and three very wealthy merchants say that, as soon as America shall free herself from the tyranny of this country, they would take their all and remove to New England; and they affirmed that they knew many more resolved to do the same." But all this attention never shook the stiff Americanism of young Quincy, although he confesses that his "ideas were stretched with astonishment during his survey of the seat of the Earl of Pembroke, very much in the same manner as in viewing Plymouth Docks": At one place he says: "The fields bloom, the rain and wind, etc., for whom"; and again: "The cultivation of the land can scarcely be realized by an American; 'tis to an amazing perfection. The lower

orders of the people are servile in their obeisance and despondent in their appearance. The women use surprising exercise and appear with a ruddy bloom I never before saw. The towns and villages are built chiefly of small stone and clay, most miserable accommodations for honest labor. The Briton says, "See France, Spain and Italy, the calamities of slavery. The liberal minded who use a larger scale will think it not needful to go so far," adds the young Bostonian.

The slender health of the Quincys is proverbial, and has run through generations at the same time remarkable in intellectual achievement and patriotic service. This tour of the junior Quincy of the Revolutionary period was destined to close tragically. He had been attended by some of the most eminent physicians in London for his chronic malady-the most distinguished refused to take any fee, though Quincy insisted-and had been advised by them to stay longer for the sake of his health. But the patriotic junto who sent him out now pressed him to return to America with what he had learned-matters far too im

portant to be trusted to paper or to any messenger of lower station. Sick as he was he set sail, and died three days out from the sight of Massachusetts Bay. The most touching, as it is likewise the most important of the revelation of this precious journal, is his entry of the last full talk he had with Benjamin Franklin on the crisis, and what ought to be done. Quincy writes: "I opened the discourse by telling him the opinions of Dr. Price, Dr. Priestly, William Lee, Arthur Lee, and others on those subjects. The Doctor utterly dissented from them all: he entered largely into the subject, and spoke the more substantial good sense and solid wisdom for near an hour. I wish I might with propriety enter into the discourse; it would do lasting honor to his sagacity, judgment, morality and benevolence. I was charmed; I renounced my own opinion; I became a convert to his. I feel a kind of enthusiasm which leads me to believe that it was something almost supernatural which induced this discourse and prompted the Doctor to speak so fully and divinely upon the subject. This interview may be the means of preventing much calamity and producting much good to Boston and the M. Bay and in the end to all Americans."

The world will never know now. It only knows that Franklin had been doing his genial best, holding down the lid on the Revolution—so much so that he had been hanged in effigy by Philadelphia patriots. It was the bloodshed at Lexington, within few days of the last scene, when young Quincy's dying words were being taken down, at sea, by one of the seamen who added in the manuscript: "Mr. Quincy is so low that he probably will not be able to read a word of the foregoing but it is to be hoped that it will be intelligible with a little pains." He had literally sacrificed his life to meet the wishes of fifteen or twenty most staunch friends to America in this effort to bear in "the bosom of a friend" what "might have been of great advantage to both countries.” It was better, perhaps, that the Prussian King of England should go on and fill up the cup of wrath that was coming to him.

BOSTON Transcript

ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS

COL. DE TOUSARD ON THE BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS, ETC.

Lieut. Col. Louis de Tousard, one of the French officers who came to our aid, was an aid to Lafayette, served at Brandywine, lost one arm during the retreat from Rhode Island, 1778, was pensioned, afterwards returned to the French service, narrowly escaped massacre in St. Domingo, was re-instated in our Ariny, attained the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel of Engineers, become French Consul at New Orleans, where he died in 1821. His portrait is in the St. Memin Collection.

Fine and interesting military letter to Col. Marinus Willett, at Fort Schuyler. He writes that his force is increased to fifty men:

Albany, May 1, 1778. "Their séjour in this town was very much dangerous for their sobriety, all the party has been drunk but few of them . we have great news here, the brother of Mr. Deane is come in a french frigate of 36 guns commanded by the Chev. de Marigny .. Mr. Deane brings a treaty of 30 years of friendship; france asks only provisions in paying them and the liberty of the harbour on the other side the commissionnaires for Englande are in their way to Congress-they want to propose you to let the affairs in the same position wherein they were in the year 1763. Gen'l Conway goes to Fishkill under Gen'l Gates' orders, Gen❜l McDougall goes to G'al Washington. G'al Starke comes to Albany to commande there," etc.

COL. LOUIS DE TOUSARD TO JOHN C. STOCKER

New Orleans, Nov. 28, 1814.

If the British do not contemplate an attack upon us, all will do well, if they do we appear to be in a respectable State of Defence, and as I do not presume they would be successful all will do well still. General Jackson who commands this District will soon be at the head of 17 or 18.000 men, preparations are forward to annoy the Enemy in case they attempt to come up the river. All seem full of confidence in the energy & activity of J. He is just returning from Pensacola & is expected here at the head of two thousand Cavalry," &c.

COL. LOUIS DE TOUSARD TO JOHN C. STOCKER

An important letter the day after the Battle of New Orleans.

Yesterday the British experienced the most bloody butchery ever recorded in American history, in an attack which they made against the Strong lines of Genl. Jackson, where they were entirely Slaughtered from the heavy fire of 18 or 20 pieces of artillery playing upon them with round balls & grape shot. The prudence & forbearance of General Jackson reminds me of that of Genl. Washington. The British attacked the lines with an undaunted bravery; many were killed on the Parapet, after having crossed the ditch over the bodies of their men, they had filled it with. The field of battle is covered with dead and wounded. What may appear to you almost incredible and Still is litterally true, the Loss of the British of which follows the statement, is reckoned 1500, and yet the Americans, covered with their lines, lost only 9 killed and about 20 wounded. Intercourse have been kept between the two Camps this morning. They say their loss is 830 killed, but I suppose they include many of the wounded that have not returned to their Corps. There is now in Town, besides those which were sent to Natchez, 104 in number; in the Geole 168 prisoners. In the Barracks 296 wounded, five-sixths of which cannot recover, having five Seven and more wounds. In the hospital at the Camp a vast number are Still, which are hourly sent to town in barges & Carts, upwards of 200 prisoners are Still at Jackson's Camp. Three colonels, two majors are killed, 8 officers of the 21st British Royal Fusiliers, prisoners.

But on the right Side of the river the British were successful in effecting a landing, and through the cowardice of some Kentuckians the two Batteries of Comdre Patterson were abandoned; and he was forced to Spike the guns and retire. The British have carried away with them two howitzers and burnt the carriages before their crossing to their Camp again. You may imagine how industrious they may have been since the time of their invasion. They have dug a Canal, 12 feet deep and Sufficiently wide for the passage of their Barges which contain 60 men, and are said to have a gun. My situation at this place* does not permit me to give advise, but to you, my dear sir, I will impart what I think of the danger which threaten this City, by this same Canal if they have crossed over 1000 men, they being now masters of the navigation of the river, what can prevent them from entering the 105 Barges

*At that time he was French Consul.

which play continually between the Lake Borgne & their Camp? Then on a dark night may they very easily and without the knowledge of Jackson present in the morning a force of 3 or 4000 men, who with gun and rockets will fire the City and much embarass the General. You know that they are as audacious as persevering, and I think unless the General can compell them to take to their shipping, the fate of Louisiana is hanging upon a thread, &c.

COL. LOUIS DE TOUSARD TO JOHN C. STOCKER

New Orleans, Jan. 16, 1815.

"All that they are now contending for, may be just and reasonable for aught I know, but should have been set forth only in time of peace, when a fair and legal discussion might have promised a full satisfaction to their claims. But to have taken the time of a cruel, ravaging and disasterous war which only the Union of all parties of all interests will hardly be sufficient to oppose, is in my opinion little short of Treason, and will no doubt, bring destruction to the fabric so well digested and cemented by the blood of your forefathers." He then mentions how well Gen. Jackson has fortified New Orleans; how, after the British had secured a landing, "from that moment but one voice is heard. Americans, Spaniards, Louisianians, French from St. Domingo, Cuba and old France, all march at the command of the brave Jackson, the enemy invades the Territory, and effect a Landing, eight miles from the Town, and before he is aware of it is met, and checked by this victorious general * not unlike Fabius of old, and our Lamented friend & hero G. Washington, &c." He then describes the defeat of the British, their losses, &c.

COL. LOUIS DE TOUSARD TO JOHN C. STOCKER

Containing a copy of Genl. Jackson's famous order of Feb. 28, 1815, issued through his Adjutant General, R. L. Butler, commanding all French subjects to repair to the interior of the State, not short of Baton Rouge.

March 3d, 1815.

This is a true authenticated copy of the most outrageous, arbitrary, inhuman, and anti-constitutional order, which the Dictator has issued against a portion of the population as deserving as they are inoffensive, who are still ready to fly to the defence of the Country.