IMMIGRANTS IN INDUSTRIES. CLOTHING MANUFACTURING. This report, which was prepared under the direction of the Commission by W. Jett Lauck, superintendent of agents, forms part of the general report of the Immigration Commission on immigrants in industries. 254 CONTENTS. PART I-GENERAL SURVEY OF THE INDUSTRY. CHAPTER I.-Introduction: The growth of the industry. Extent of the territory studied Households studied.... Members of households for whom detailed information was secured. Employees for whom information was secured.. The preparation of the report..... CHAPTER II.-Racial displacements: History of immigration.... Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees and members of their households... Racial classification of employees at the present time CHAPTER III.-Economic status: Industrial condition abroad of members of immigrant households studied.. General occupation of males at the present time, in the households studied. Weekly earnings.. Relation between period of residence and earning ability. Annual earnings of male heads of families studied.. Annual earnings of males 18 years of age or over in the households studied.. Wives at work.... Relation between earnings of husbands and the practice of wives of keeping boarders or lodgers.... Sources of family income.. Relative importance of the different sources of family income.. CHAPTER IV.-Working conditions: Regularity of employment... The immigrant and organized labor.. CHAPTER V.-Housing and living conditions: Rent in its relation to standard of living.. Size of apartments occupied. Size of households studied. CHAPTER VI.-Salient characteristics: Literacy. Conjugal condition. Visits abroad.. Age classification of employees and members of their households.. CHAPTER VII.-General progress and assimilation: Ownership of homes... Status of children in the households studied.. Ability to speak English.. Page. 259 260 260 260 262 269 271 272 278 283 286 288 289 290 291 299 304 306 307 307 309 309 311 313 315 316 319 322 324 325 326 331 335 344 346 351 352 354 357 256 Clothing Manufacturing Contents. PART II-CLOTHING MANUFACTURING IN NEW YORK CITY. CHAPTER I.-Introduction: Extent of the industry in New York City. Employees for whom information was secured.. CHAPTER II.-Racial displacements: History of immigration... Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees. Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United Weekly earnings. Relation between period of residence and earning ability. CHAPTER IV.-Working conditions: Hours of work........... PART III-CLOTHING MANUFACTURING IN BALTIMORE, MD. CHAPTER I.-Introduction: Employees for whom information was secured... CHAPTER II.-Racial displacements: History of immigration.... Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees. Racial classification of employees at the present time... Reasons for the employment of immigrants. Methods used in securing immigrant labor.. Effect of employment of immigrants upon former employees.. CHAPTER III.-Economic status: Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United Occupations entered and progress of immigrants in the clothing industry.. CHAPTER IV.-Working conditions: Hours of work.... Effect of the industrial depression of 1907 and 1908. Effect of employment of immigrants upon establishment of new industries. CHAPTER V.-Salient characteristics: Page. 365 366 369 370 372 375 376 379 383 383 387 389 390 394 395 399 400 Page. 405 407 408 409 410 411 411 413 413 414 417 417 417 418 419 420 422 423 425 425 PART IV. CLOTHING MANUFACTURING IN CHICAGO, ILL. CHAPTER I.-Introduction: Employees for whom information was secured..... CHAPTER II.-Racial displacements: History of immigration.... Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees. Reasons for employing immigrants..... CHAPTER III.-Economic status: Principal occupation of immigrant employees before coming to the United Weekly earnings.. Relation between period of residence and earning ability. CHAPTER IV.-Working conditions: The effect of the employment of recent immigrants on industries.. Literacy.... Conjugal condition.. Visits abroad...... Age classification of employees.. CHAPTER VI.-General progress and assimilation: Ability to speak English.. General tables... General explanation of tables. List of text tables... List of general tables Page. 429 431 431 433 434 435 436 439 445 445 445 445 447 448 454 455 459 461 465 467 645 653 661 |
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