CHAPTER II.

RACIAL DISPLACEMENTS.

History of immigration-Period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees-Racial classification of employees at the present time-[Text Tables 99 to 101 and General Table 71].

HISTORY OF IMMIGRATION.

The racial movements to the silk goods manufacturing and dyeing establishments in Paterson, N. J., the chief center of the industry in the United States, have already been set forth in detail in another section, to which reference may be made.a

PERIOD OF RESIDENCE IN THE UNITED STATES OF FOREIGN-BORN EMPLOYEES.

The character of recent and past immigration to the silk-dyeing establishments in Paterson, N. J., is exhibited by the series of tables next presented, which show the period of residence in the United States of foreign-born employees. The first table submitted shows, according to race, the per cent of foreign-born male employees in the silk-dyeing establishments who had been in this country under one year, one year, two years, etc.:

TABLE 99.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States under 1 year, 1 year, 2 years, etc., by race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. No deduction is made for time spent abroad. This table includes only races with 40 or more males reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

Of the foreign-born male employees for whom information was secured, 0.6 per cent have been in the United States under one year, 1.2 per cent have been here from one to two years, 4.7 per cent have

a See p. 17.

been here from two to three years, 5 per cent have been here from three to four years, and 7.4 per cent have been here from four to five years. The proportion of individuals who have been here less than one year is largest for the Germans, while the North Italians have the largest proportion of individuals who have been here one, two, three, and four years, respectively.

In the table which follows the same data as in the tabulation preceding are presented in a more summary form, all employees with a residence of less than five years in the United States being combined into one group:

TABLE 100.-Per cent of foreign-born male employees in the United States each specified number of years, by race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. No deduction is made for time spent abroad. This table includes only races with 40 or more males reporting. The total, however, is for all foreign-born.]

In this locality 18.8 per cent of the foreign-born male employees for whom information was secured have been in the United States under five years, 26.8 per cent have been here from five to nine years, 13.1 per cent have been here from ten to fourteen years, 16.4 per cent have been here from fourteen to nineteen years, and 24.9 per cent have been here twenty years or over. The proportion of individuals who have been here under five years is largest for the North Italians and smallest for the Dutch; the proportion of individuals who have been here from five to nine years and from ten to fourteen years, respectively, is largest for the South Italians and North Italians, in the order mentioned, and smallest for the Dutch; and the proportion of individuals who have been here from fifteen to nineteen years and twenty years or over is largest for the Dutch and Germans.

RACIAL CLASSIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES AT THE PRESENT TIME.

The racial composition of the operating force in Paterson silkdyeing establishments is set forth in the following table:

TABLE 101.-Male employees for whom information was secured, by general nativity and

Of the male employees for whom information was secured, 75.1 per cent are foreign-born, 14.2 per cent are native-born of native father, and 10.7 per cent are native-born of foreign father. Among the foreign-born, the South Italians, North Italians, Germans, and Dutch have, in the order mentioned, the largest representation.