There are many cases throughout the Air Force where you are using officers because you know you couldn't get civilians to do the job within the grade limitations imposed by civil service.

Colonel KROEBER. That is exactly right.

Mr. BLANDFORD. You take an officer and assign him there and order him to that job and he is going to do the job. But you just can't get the civilians to do the job.

Colonel KROEBER. That is correct, sir.

Mr. BLANDFORD. And I think you are 1,000 percent correct. General LEE. Mr. Blandford, some days back I brought out that same thought. I stated that that was one of the problems.

Mr. BLANDFORD. Well, that is correct, too, General. We discussed previously on that subject.

General LEE. Yes, sir.

Mr. BLANDFORD. It is a serious problem.

General LEE. In other words, we get

Mr. BLANDFORD. We can handle the military end of it. But there is not much we can do as a committee with regard to civilians. General LEE. We do get civilian cuts.

Mr. BLANDFORD. You have to do the job. So you take an officer and put him there, probably knowing full well that you would much prefer to use that officer some place else.

General LEE. What I would like to point out is this: When we are talking this way, we are talking of not many locations in the Air Force where you can do this. Not many. I don't know what they are. Mr. BLANDFORD. I don't know, either.

General LEE. But by and large, we are talking about military people to do a military job. I will agree with the colonel that there are some jobs and I think I have indicated that here-that the civilian can do. It is a question of getting the civilian and getting the civilian authorization.

Mr. BLANDFORD. I think we can go on.
Thank you very much, Colonel.

Colonel KROEBER. You are welcome, sir.

Mr. BLANDFORD. Page 92. You have seven full colonels, General, in the 2280th Recruiting Squadron. That is Continental Air Command.

You have one for each Army area.

Now, I am not just picking on the Air Force with this, because I think all the other services have something comparable to this.

What is the justification for putting full colonels in this recruiting position when the actual recruiting is done generally by a major or lieutenant colonel, perhaps a captain?

These people are more or less coordinators; are they not, overseers in each of the Army areas?

General LEE. First of all, I would like to let Colonel Burke discuss their positions. Maybe that will bring out the answers.

Lieutenant Colonel BURKE. This squadron, Mr. Blandford, is a squadron which is physically located under the Continental Air Command. We have located it at the position in the booklet to show that it is a joint activity, which it is.

The squadron headquarters is located at Mitchel Field, N. Y., and as indicated here we have broken it out into the Army areas. The colonel indicated here is the senior Air Force man in the recruiting

service for that area, the Army area concerned. It is a rather big organization. There are almost 2,000 military people in this squadAnd of course they are located at duty stations all over the United States.

ron.

Mr. BLANDFORD. Their job is to coordinate the recruiting functions within each area; isn't that correct?

Lieutenant Colonel BURKE. That is correct; yes, sir.

Mr. BLANDFORD. They go to all the various cities and towns where they have recruiting officers, and I think you are all operating on a joint Army-Air Force basis; are you not?

Lieutenant Colonel BURKE. That is correct.

General LEE. Coordinate and supervise.

Mr. BLANDFORD. Colonel Mitchell?

Colonel MITCHELL. Yes, sir.

Mr. BLANDFORD. Does the Army likewise have a full colonel in each of these areas who coordinates the Army activities in connection with these joint recruiting activities?

Colonel MITCHELL. I can't recall, Mr. Blandford. I have a statement on the recruiting service that we have drawn up there. The total number of colonels in the recruiting service is relatively small, considering the size and importance of the organization, however. If you like, I can bring that over for you, sir.

Mr. BLANDFORD. Well

Colonel MITCHELL. I can't say exactly how they are spotted now, in answer to your specific question.

Mr. BLANDFORD. I imagine it is comparable to the Air Force arrangement.

Lieutenant Colonel BURKE. In addition to the actual recruiting under this squadron, Mr. Blandford, I would like to point out that we have the Armed Forces examining stations. Here are located the medical officers who conduct the physical examinations. That is part of this organization also.

Mr. BLANDFORD. These colonels are in charge of that?

Lieutenant Colonel BURKE. No.

Mr. BLANDFORD. Administratively?

Lieutenant Colonel BURKE. Yes, administratively they are.
Mr. BLANDFORD. All right.

General LEE. I would like to point out in that connection, also, Mr. Blandford, that the Air Force depends upon recruiting for its airmen. They are entirely a voluntary force at this time.

Mr. BLANDFORD. Of course, I have had to write enough justification for that in the last 7 years to know the story full well, that a 4-year enlistee is about 3 times as valuable as a 2-year inductee.

General LEE. We feel, therefore, that it is essential to have people supervising it that know what is going on.

Mr. BLANDFORD. I think-let's see, you got a cut in your recruiting last year.

General LEE. Yes, sir.

Mr. BLANDFORD. What have they done so far this year?

General LEE. I don't know.

Commander WHEELER. They threw that out, I believe, Mr. Blandford.

Mr. BLANDFORD. They found it was not saving of funds?

Commander WHEELER. No; actually the Appropriations Committee did not reinclude that this year.

Mr. BLANDFORD. That is what I mean.

Commander WHEELER. They found instead of saving them money, it probably cost them money.

Mr. BLANDFORD. Now, under the Central Control Group-and Mr. Friedman will be happy to hear this is the last one-on page 100, you have 13 operations staff officers in the Central Control Group under the Secretary of Defense.

Now, just what do those people do, General?

Lieutenant Colonel BURKE. Well, first, Mr. Blandford, I would like to explain what we call the Central Control Group.

The Central Control Group is merely a classification or grouping of functions whose scope of activity is above Air Force level-above Headquarters, USAF. They consist of people on duty with the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and all these we have listed here. So in a sense you might say that these people are outside the Air Force.

The 13 officers you are querying about there: they are in fact, 55 of them at the time we compiled this booklet are on duty with the Office of the Secretary of Defense.

Mr. BLANDFORD. 55 Air Force colonels directly in Mr. Wilson's office?

Lieutenant Colonel BURKE. Not directly in Mr. Wilson's office but with the Department of Defense as a whole.

Mr. BLANDFORD. And each of those operations staff officers has a peculiar operations problem, I presume?

Colonel BURKE. Yes, sir.

Mr. BLANDFORD. Can you name a few of those operations that they control?

Lieutenant Colonel BURKE. I am not familiar with the actual organization setup of the Office of the Secretary of Defense, but these people I would like to state in general are Air Force people we are required to furnish for the Department of Defense.

I might point out in general that the staff, from this chart I have in front of me, of the Office of the Secretary of Defense, is broken down more or less to follow the staff organization of the services.

For example: I note the following organizational elements in OSD: Assistant Secretary (Comptroller), Assistant Secretary (Manpower and Personnel), Assistant Secretary (International Security Affairs), Munitions Board, Research and Development Board, Weapons Systems Evaluation Group, Special Representative in Europe, Standing Group-North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Office of Public Information, Armed Forces Medical Policy Council, Military Liaison Committee to Atomic Energy Commission, Legal and Legislative Affairs.

Air Force officers are on duty in those various offices as required. Mr. BLANDFORD. I was confining this more to the Secretary of Defense's Office.

For example, there are four public information staff officers from the Air Force who are full colonels. I think that is more full colonels han you have in public information any place else in the Air Force. Lieutenant Colonel BURKE. As I state, Mr. Blandford, I am not alified to speak for the Department of Defense.

Mr. BLANDFORD. You have 10 administrative staff officers and 4 public information staff officers. There are 14 full colonels in the Air Force working in the Secretary of Defense's Office.

Lieutenant Colonel BURKE. Yes.

Mr. BLANDFORD. And in addition, they have the same from each of the other services, I am sure.

General LEE. If you want a further breakdown of this, we will attempt to get it for you. I am like Burke; we have these requirements. We furnish the officers. We list them in this group. If we can get any further details for you, we will.

Mr. BLANDFORD. Well, you might put in the record at the end of these hearings, if you will, General, when the hearings come over to you, what these 13 operations staff officers do, what the 10 administrative staff officers do, and the justification for the 4 public information staff officers who are full colonels.

(The information furnished by the Air Force concerning these positions is as follows:)

ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF OFFICERS (10)

Military assistant to the Deputy Secretary of Defense: Acts for the Deputy Secretary of Defense and in his name in those areas in which the Deputy Secretary has delegated him responsibility.

Administrative Secretary, Office of the Secretary and the Deputy Secretary of Defense: Reviews formal proposals, requiring action by or for the Secretary and Deputy Secretary of Defense. Responsible for effectively following up and interpreting decisions of the Secretary of Defense to assure understanding and timely implementation.

Deputy Director, Office of the Legislative Division, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Legal and Legislative Affairs): Official representative of the Office of the Secretary of Defense with Congress in monitoring and expediting investigative matters of interest to the Department of Defense.

Deputy Director, Office of the Legislative Division, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Legal and Legislative Affairs): Official representative of the Office of the Secretary of Defense with Congress in monitoring and expediting investigative matters of interest to the Department of Defense.

Executive Secretary, Military Liaison Committee to the Atomic Energy Commission: Supervises, coordinates, and directs operations of the Committee staff. Acts as Secretary of the Military Liaison Committee to the Atomic Energy Commission.

Executive officer, Office of the Special United States Representative in Europe, Paris: Acts as executive to the Special United States Representative in Europe. Responsible for proper assignment for action and followup of staff work assigned to the four divisions of the Deputy for Defense Affairs. Responsible for all administrative services for the Deputy for Defense Affairs.

Assistant to the Chairman, Military Liaison Committee to the Atomic Energy Commission: As a staff officer in the Pentagon Office of the Chairman, he assists the Chairman in performing his (the Chairman's) functions which include advising and consulting with the Atomic Energy Commission on all atomic energy matters which the Committee deems to relate to military applications. Also, since the Chairman is assistant to the Secretary of Defense (Atomic Energy), this officer assists the Chairman in his responsibility for all atomic energy matters within and involving the Department of Defense.

Deputy Executive Secretary, Military Liaison Committee to the Atomic Energy Commission: Deputy and principal assistant to the Executive Secretary and acts in his capacity in his absence.

Chief, Office of Industrial Security, Munitions Board: Principal advisor to the Chairman, Munitions Board, on industrial security in relation to current an mobilization policies.

Chief, Cable Section, Office of the Secretary of Defense: Formulates plans, policies, and procedures relating to communications procedures of OSD. Responsible for the State-Defense liaison activity for the exchange of sensitive information between Defense, State, and the departmental secretaries.

OPERATIONS STAFF OFFICERS (13)

Member, United States Planning Team A, NATO Standing Group. Insures that international planning conducted in the Standing Group represents and protects United States interests by maintaining close liaison with Joint Chiefs of Staff. Makes required representations at international staff planning level in the Standing Group.

Member, United States Planning Team B, NATO Standing Group: Essentially the same as stated for member United States Planning Team A NATO Standing Group.

Member, United States Planning Team C, NATO Standing Group: Essentially the same as stated for Member United States Planning Team A NATO Standing Group.

Member, United States Planning Team D, NATO Standing Group: Essentially the same as stated for "Member, United States Planning Team A, NATO Standing Group."

Deputy Standing Group Liaison Officer to North Atlantic Council, Paris: Essentially the same as stated in "Member, United States Planning Team A, NATO Standing Group."

United States member, Air Training Team, NATO Standing Group: Initiates and processes combined NATO planning documents and maintains liaison with USAF staffs and with Joint Chiefs of Staff.

Staff member, Field Service Branch, Liaison Division, Office of Military Assistance: In those countries in which the United States maintains MAAG's, he observes and reports on utilization of equipment supplied to United States allies and the use made of United States trained allies.

Staff assistant to the Assistant for Civil Defense: Coordination of civil-defense activities within the Department of Defense including (1) recommendations for assignment of civil-defense responsibilities to appropriate agencies, (2) policies and procedures to insure coordination of all civil-defense activities on a national scale.

Air Force member, Military Studies and Liaison Division, Weapons Systems Evaluation Group: Provides weapons systems evaluation reports and analyses, expert professional knowledge of up-to-date and comprehensive range of service operational matters supplemented by operational and technical knowledge in the specialized professional field of tactical aviation.

Air Force member, Military Studies and Liaison Division, Weapons Systems Evaluation Group: Same as above.

Air Force member, Military Studies and Liaison Division, Weapons Systems Evaluation Group: Same as above.

Air Force member, Military Studies and Liaison Division, Weapons Systems Evaluation Group: Same as above.

Air Force member, Military Studies and Liaison Division, Weapons Systems Evaluation Group: Same as above.

PUBLIC INFORMATION STAFF OFFICERS (4)

Chief, Security Review Branch, Office of Public Information: Responsible for final review of all information emanating from or channeling through the Department of Defense for public dissemination by any means and for the proper clearance of such materials, as necessary, with the White House and the Department

of State.

Public Information Adviser, Office of the Deputy United States Representative, NATO, Standing Group: Public relations adviser to the Deputy United States Representative of the NATO Standing Group and to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Formulates public information policies, develops and plans policies for collection, analysis, preparation, and dissemination of information.

Director, Joint Civilian Orientation Conference, Office of Public Information: Responsible for planning and effectuating the Joint Civilian Orientation Conference in which 70 to 80 key civilians are invited to review the status and problems of the Department of Defense.

Chief, Air Force Section, Security Review Branch, Office of Public Information: Charged with final review for security, policy, and conformance with regu lations and policies of United States Air Force, Department of Defense, and other military and Federal agencies, of press releases, manuscripts, speeches, pictorial matter, etc. from or pertaining to the USAF and/or Air Force contractors. Reviews for security any articles submitted voluntarily by news media.