name was formally presented to the President. In his letter of resignation, Dr. Cottrell said:

I hereby tender you my resignation as director of the Bureau of Mines, to take effect January 1, 1921.

In so doing, may I recall to your mind that, in accepting this position upon the resignation of Director Manning last June, I explained to the secretary of the interior that I had previously made all my plans to resign from the position I then occupied as assistant director and to give my undivided attention to the position of chairman of the Division of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of the National Research Council, which I had accepted as successor to Professor W. D. Bancroft, who was retiring July first.

I accepted appointment as director of the Bureau of Mines on the understanding with Secretary Payne that I would continue therein until an available successor should be found who was thoroughly acceptable to him and to the mining industry.

The time having now arrived when Secretary Payne is ready to recommend a successor, I am placing my resignation in his hands for transmittal to you.

It is with the pleasantest recollections that I look back over my decade of service in various capacities within the bureau, and as the greater part of this time has fallen within your own administration, it gives me particular pleasure to tell you of the uniform courtesy and high standard of public service which I have always encountered in my contact with both associates and superiors throughout the whole department.

It would be with very deep feelings of personal regret that I should take the present step were it not that the position in the Research Council will still permit me to cooperate very closely with those particular aspects of the bureau's work for which I feel myself best fitted.

At the same time Secretary Payne handed to the President the appointment of H. Foster Bain, of California, as successor to Dr. Cottrell.

Mr. Bain was educated and trained as a geologist and mining engineer. He was one of Herbert Hoover's assistants in London on the Belgian relief work during the war. Before that he was editor of the Mining and Scientific Press of San Francisco, Calif., and later the editor of the Mining Magazine of London,

England. He made some important mining investigations in south and central Africa and later undertook similar investigations in China. At one time he was a mine operator in Colorado and once was connected with the United States Geological Survey. Subsequently, he was the first director of the Geological Survey of Illinois. For a time during the war Mr. Bain was assistant director of the United States Bureau of Mines, following up production and manufacture of metal products, explosives, and other chemical substances for war purposes. At the close of the war Mr. Bain returned to private life. Mr. Bain was born at Seymour, Indiana. Graduating from Moore's Hill College, Indiana, in 1890, he spent two years at Johns Hopkins University and later received his doctor's degree from the University of Chicago.

INTERNATIONAL EUGENICS CONGRESS

IN 1912 there was held in London, under the auspices of the Eugenics Education Society, an International Eugenics Congress. A second congress was planned to be held in New York City in 1915 but, on account of the war, plans for the congress were abandoned. In the autumn of 1919, at a meeting of the International Committee of Eugenics held in London, it was agreed to hold the second International Congress in New York City in 1921. A general committee to arrange for this congress was selected by the National Research Council in the spring of 1920, and it is now announced that the preliminary announcement of the Second International Congress of Eugenics will be held in New York City, September 22-28, 1921.

Of this Congress Dr. Alexander Graham Bell is honorary president; Dr. Henry Fairfield Osborn, president; Mr. Madison Grant, treasurer; Mrs. C. Neville Rolfe (Mrs. Sybil Gotto) honorary secretary; and Dr. C. C. Little, secretary-general. The vice-presidents include Dr. Cesare Arton, Cagliari Italy; Dr. Kristine Bonnevie, Institute for Heredity Investigation, University of Christiania, Norway; Major Leonard Darwin, London; Dr. V. Delfino Buenos Aires; Dr. E. M. East,

Harvard University; M. Gamio, Director Archeology and Anthropology, Mexico; Sir Auckland Campbell Geddes, British Ambassador to the United States; Dr. Corado Gini, Rome; Hon. Mr. Justice Frank E. Hodgins, Supreme Court of Ontario; Dr. Frédéric Houssay, Paris; Dr. H. S. Jennings, Johns Hopkins University; G. H. Knibbs, Melbourne; Dr. Herman Lundborg, Upsala; Dr. L. Manouvrier, Paris; M. L. March, Paris; Dr. Jon Alfred Möjen, Christiana; Dr. T. H. Morgan, Columbia University; Dr. R. Pearl, Johns Hopkins University; Dr. Edmond Perrier, Paris; Dr. Ernesto Pestalozza. Rome; Dr. V. Guiffrida-Ruggieri, Italy; Professor R. Vogt, University of Copenhagen; and Professor Wille, University of Christiania.

The Finance Committee has been selected consisting of Messrs. Madison Grant, John T. Pratt, Austin B. Fletcher, and Dr. John H. Kellogg. Of the Exhibits Committee Dr. H. H. Laughlin is chairman; of the Publicity Committee, Dr. Lothrop Stoddard; and of the Executive Committee, Dr. C. C. Little. A general committee of ninety-five members has been appointed. There are to be two classes of members, sustaining members paying one hundred dollars and active members paying five dollars. Further information and a copy of the preliminary announcement can be obtained from Dr. C. C. Little, SecretaryGeneral, American Museum of Natural History, New York City.

THE AMERICAN ENGINEERING COUNCIL

THE Engineering Council, formed in 1917 as an emergency body to place at the disposal of the government in war the organized engineering talent of the nation, has been formally merged into the American Engineering Council of the Federated American Engineering Societies.

Mr. Herbert Hoover, who becomes president of the amalgamated organizations, and the four vice-presidents, Calvert Townley, of New York; William E. Rolfe, of St. Louis, Dean Dexter S. Kimball, of Cornell, and J. Parke Channing, of New York, have issued a statement in which it is said that the new council

will immediately enter upon a campaign of public service, involving cooperation with chambers of commerce, labor organizations and other bodies in an effort to solve pressing social, industrial and political problems.

The appointment of several committees to handle national problems is announced. One on military affairs is headed by Colonel William Barclay Parsons, chairman of the trustees of Columbia University. D. L. Hough, of New York City, has been named to head a Russian-American committee, which, it was explained, is in no sense political, but will aim to bring the engineers of the United States and Russia closer together. A patents committee, which will work for an increase in both the pay and personnel of the United States Patent Office, has been appointed, with E. J. Prindle, of New York as chairman. Other committees chosen thus far are: Classification and Compensation of Engineers, Arthur S. Tuttle, of New York, chairman; National Board of Jurisdictional Awards in the Building Industry, Rudolph P. Miller, of New York, chairman; Cooperation with American Institute of Architects, S. H. Senehon, of Minneapolis, chairman; Payment for Estimating, Ralph Modjeska, of Chicago, chairman; Types of Government Contract, Arthur P. Davis, of New York, chairman. These committees, with others to be appointed, will start at once to carry out a constructive program of national progress.

SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND NEWS IN 1816, John Scott, a chemist of Edinburgh, bequeathed the sum of $4,000 to the City of Philadelphia, the interest upon which was to "be laid out in premiums to be distributed among ingenious men and women who make useful inventions." The Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia, has awarded $800 together with a bronze medal to Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, of the Rockefeller Institute, for Medical Research in New York, "in recognition of his eminent work in the discovery of disease-producing organisms and the means of combating their action." A similar award has been made to Dr. Edward

Calvin Kendall, of Rochester, Minn., "For biochemical work of high order leading to the preparation of the compound 'thyroxin' and the determination of its chemical structure and giving results which contribute to the comfort and welfare of mankind."

PROFESSOR STEPHEN A. FORBES, of the University of Illinois has been elected president of the Ecological Society of America.

Ar the recent Chicago meeting of the American Psychological Association, Professor Margaret Floy Washburn was elected to the presidency.

DR. WILLIAM BLUM, of the Bureau of Standards has been elected president of the Washington Section of the American Chemical Society.

DR. F. M. PERKIN has received the honor of the order of commander of the British Empire. Dr. Perkin is one of the leading authorities upon the scientific treatment and utilization of coal and the production of oil from it.

THE Italian Society of of Sciences has awarded its gold medal for 1920 to Professor A. Signorini, of the University of Palermo, for his papers published during the last year. DR. C. O. JOHNS, chief of the color and protein laboratories of the Bureau of Chemistry of the Department of Agriculture, has resigned to accept the offer made him by the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, to be director of the research laboratory of the company.

MR. H. D. FOSTER has been appointed research associate at the Bureau of Standards by the Hollow Building Tile Association.

ASSISTANT SURGEON-GENERAL J. H. WHITE, U. S. P. H. S., after the close of the sixth Sanitary Conference of the American Republics, to be held in Montevideo, Uruguay, will proceed to Valparaiso, Chile, and other points on the West Coast of South America, via Panama, for the purpose of investigating sanitary conditions at the various ports.

COMMANDER COPE, leader of the British Antarctic Expedition, is detained in Montevideo

through the non-arrival of his dogs. He is also encountering difficulty in obtaining films owing to their unexpected cost. He proposes to give lectures at Montevideo and at Buenos Aires, thus obtaining assistance from the British communities. He will probably proceed south early in December in the whaler Solstreif, without waiting for the dogs, although their absence makes sledging more difficult.

PROFESSOR J. W. E. GLATTFELD, of the department of chemistry of the University of Chicago, will spend his winter quarter vacation at the Desert Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution at Tucson, Arizona.

DR. JULIUS STIEGLITZ, of the University of Chicago, has delivered three lectures on the Mayo Foundation at Rochester, Minnesota. The first was on "Chemistry and Medicine,” and the other two were on "The Electrical Theory of Oxidation."

A LECTURE was delivered at the School of Hygiene and Public Health of Johns Hopkins University, December 13, by Dr. Charles Wardell Stiles, U. S. P. H. S., on "Some Practical Aspects of the Subject of Soil Pollution."

DR. ALFRED F. HESS, of the New York University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, will deliver the fifth Harvey Society Lecture at the New York Academy of Medicine on Saturday evening January 15. His subject will be "Newer Aspects of Some Nutritional Disorders."

DR. YVES DELAGE, professor of zoology in University of Paris, distinguished for his work on protoplasm, heredity and general biology, has died at the age of sixty-six years.

PROFESSOR G. M. DEBOVE died on November 19, at almost seventy years of age. He is known for his work on diseases of the stomach and for the past seven years has been permanent secretary of the Paris Academy of Medicine.

AT the annual meeting of the Society of American Foresters held in New York City

on December 20, the following officers were elected for 1921:

President, R. C. Bryant, 360 Prospect St., New Haven, Conn.

Vice-president, Paul G. Redington, Ferry Bldg., San Francisco, Calif.

Secretary, Paul D. Kelleter, Atlantic Bldg., Washington, D. C.

proximately $7,000 per annum. There are now about fifty vacancies in the commissioned grades which will be filled by promotion from the eligibles secured from the examinations to be held in February and April. Applicants for this examination should communicate with the Civil Service Commission or with the Director of the Coast and Geodetic Survey,

Ar the recent meeting of the Indiana Academy of Sciences the officers were elected for 1921 were as follows:

President, Howard E. Enders, West Lafayette. Vice-president, Frank M. Andrews, Blooming

ton.

Secretary, Walter N. Hess, Greencastle. Assistant Secretary, H. G. Dietz, Indianapolis. Treasurer, Wm. M. Blanchard, Greencastle. Editor of Proceedings, F. J. Breeze, Muncie. Secretary, F. B. Wade, Indianapolis.

THE American Pharmaceutical Association has elected the following officers:

President, Samuel L. Hilton, Washington, D. C. First Vice-president, Charles E. Caspari, St. Louis, Mo.

Second Vice-president, David F. Jones, Watertown, S. D.

Third Vice-president, Hugo H. Schaefer, New York.

Members of the Council, Henry M. Whelpley, St. Louis, Mo.; George M. Beringer, Camden, N. J.; John G. Godding, Boston, Mass.

THE U. S. Civil Service Commission has announced examinations for the positions of junior engineer and deck officer in the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey to be held February 9-10 and April 13-14, 1921. These positions are the entering ones in the field force of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the initial salary will be $2,000 per annum, with a promise of increase to $2,400 after one month of satisfactory service. From these entering positions engineers will be promoted after six months of satisfactory service to the commissioned grades of the Survey which have relative rank with the grades from ensign to captain in the navy. The salaries of the commissioned personnel, including compensation for quarters, etc., and longevity pay, vary from a minimum of $2,500 to ap

or B.S. in civil engineering is required of an applicant before appointment, but the examination may be taken in February or April and the appointment made effective on graduation.

THE Laws Observatory of the University of Missouri, erected in 1853, has been torn down, and a new building is being erected to replace it about half a mile south of the former site.

INCLUDED among the bequests of the late Dr. Lloyd Roberts of Manchester, England, are the following gifts to medical organization to the Royal Society of Medicine, £5,000; to St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, £5,000; to Manchester Royal Infirmary and to the Royal College of Physicians, London, £3,000 each; and £2,000 to the Medical Society of London.

UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL
NEWS

THE University of Montpellier, which was founded in the thirteenth century, is preparing for the celebration of its approaching seven hundredth anniversary.

THROUGH the death of Mrs. Lucy H. Bowdoin, of Salem, a bequest of $50,000 becomes available for Harvard Medical School, and $5,000 each will be given to the Essex Institute and Peabody Academy of Salem.

It is planned to establish a technical school at Oberlin College with accommodations for about 700 students.

FIRE, supposed to have originated from the furnace in a basement room, completely destroyed the office and private laboratory of Dr. Waddell, professor of pharmacology, and a large amount of physiological apparatus in the physiological laboratory of the University of

Virginia on the morning of December 24. The loss is largely, if not entirely, covered by insurance and there will be little interruption to the regular laboratory work.

THE inauguration of President Wallace D. Atwood, of Clark College, will take place on February 1. Presidents and representatives from more than two hundred colleges have signified their intention of being present at the exercises.

DR. HENRY RAND HATFIELD, professor of accounting on the Flood Foundation in the University of California, has been appointed dean of the faculties of the State University of California to succeed Professor John C. Merriam, who resigned to accept the presidency of the Carnegie Institution in Washington.

Ar the College of the City of New York, Professor Herbert R. Moody has been appointed professor of chemical engineering within the department of chemistry; Assistant Professor W. L. Prager has been promoted to an associate professorship, and Mr. Joseph A. Babor has been promoted to an instructorship.

DR. ARDREY W. Downs, formerly assistant professor of physiology at McGill University, has been appointed to the chair of physiology in the University of Alberta.

DISCUSSION AND CORRESPONDENCE

ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS DURING the sessions of two International Congresses of Anthropology, in 1906 at Monaco, and in 1912 at Geneva, rules were drawn up for the standardizing of the more usual anthropometric measurements. The work was undertaken in each case by a committee, and the official reports were published by certain members to whom this duty was assigned.

The prescription of 1906 included measurements of the skull and of the head and facial features of the living. It was published in the French language by Dr. Papillault and appeared in the pages of L'Anthropologie (Vol. 17, 1906, pp. 559-572). The prescription of 1912 was the work of a larger and more representative committee, which aside

from French, German and Italian members, included representatives of Great Britain, the United States, Russia, and Switzerland, countries not included in the former report. The official reporters of this prescription, which included measurements of the living body, exclusive of those of the head and face, were Drs. Rivêt, Schlaginhaufen and Duckworth, who published their reports in French, German and English, respectively.

Having these data in mind I was led to state, in the preface to my recent "Manual of Anthropometry," that the official reports of the prescription of 1912 were published only on the other side of the Atlantic, and appeared in an American journal for the first time in 1919, when Dr. Duckworth's official report was reprinted by Dr. Hrdlička in his new American Journal of Physical Anthropology.

While this statement, concerning the three official reports only, is strictly true, I should have mentioned that equally accurate and trustworthy reports were published in other countries, and especially should I have cited that of Dr. MacCurdy, also a member of the committee. His report in full of the prescription of 1912 was translated at the time of the Congress for Dr. Rivêt's official copy, and appeared, later in the same year, in both SCIENCE and the American Anthropologist. Had I noticed this earlier, I should certainly have brought it to the attention of the readers of my book, and wish to take this opportunity to rectify my unintentional neglect.

The citations referred to are the following: SCIENCE: N. S., Vol. 36, No. 931, Nov. 1, 1912, pp. 603–608.

Amer. Anthropol., Vol. 14, No. 4, Oct.-Dec., 1912, pp. 621–631.

HARRIS HAWTHORNE WILDER

SMITH COLLEGE, NORTHAMPTON, Mass.,

December 17, 1920

A NEW DIKE NEAR ITHACA, N. Y.

CONSIDERABLE attention has been given by geologists to the dikes of central New York.