I suspect several colleagues are recommending that de facto recognition should at least follow promptly for tactical purposes any formal communication [of] formation of Provisional Government. AMORY 891.01/25 Telegram The Secretary of State to the Chargé in Persia (Amory) [Paraphrase] WASHINGTON, November 3, 1925—1 p. m. 53. Referring your 78 of November 1, and 79 of November 2, Department sanctions acknowledgement, in manner you have suggested, of circular from Foreign Office. You may also carry on, at your discretion, the business of the Legation with the Provisional Government, following, when expedient, the procedure of representatives of other powers. The Foreign Office circular alludes to the government of Reza Khan as provisional, and anticipates that a definitive form of government will be later set up by Constituent Assembly. It is, therefore, assumed by the Department that there is not at present any question of formal recognition, and that before that question arises there will be an opportunity to consider further the legal status of the new government and its attitude toward international agreements made under the Kajar dynasty. Advise Department of steps taken. KELLOGG 891.01/26 Telegram The Chargé in Persia (Amory) to the Secretary of State TEHERAN, November 3, 1925—midnight. 80. British Minister has been authorized to accord "A provisional recognition to the regime inaugurated by the recent decision of the Persian National Assembly pending the final decision to be taken by the Constituent Assembly on the understanding this regime agrees to recognize the treaties, etc., at present in force between Great Britain and Persia and to execute the obligations arising therefrom and he is authorized to enter into business relations with the Provisional Government." He delivered a communication in this sense today to "His Imperial Highness the Chief of State." [Paraphrase.] It will, of course, be readily understood by the Department that a good impression would be produced here by an 'Not printed. immediate expression of friendliness, especially since Reza Khan has repeatedly shown a wish to attract American interests to Persia, since also such recognition would be personally gratifying to him, and since Millspaugh's position would be effected. Millspaugh has confidence in stability of new regime and hopes Department will accord recognition. [End paraphrase.] AMORY 891.01/26: Telegram The Secretary of State to the Chargé in Persia (Amory) [Paraphrase] WASHINGTON, November 4, 1925-7 p. m. 55. (1) Should Department's 53, November 3, not entirely meet exigency as set forth in your 80, November 3, cable your suggestions. (2) You may intimate to Persian officials that this Government does not wish to delay its expression of friendliness toward Persia in the present situation. But since, according to your report, the present Provisional Government looks to a Constituent Assembly for eventual confirmation of its authority, the Department judged that confirmation might fittingly precede formal recognition by this Government. Any recommendation which you may feel disposed to make will, however, receive the Department's careful consideration. KELLOGG 891.01/27: Telegram The Chargé in Persia (Amory) to the Secretary of State TEHERAN, November 5, 1925—4 p. m. [Received November 5-10:48 a. m.] 81. Department's 53 and 55. In conversation with Foreign Minister this morning, I referred to his note of October 31.5 (1) In answer to my inquiry he said Provisional Government "of course would observe treaty provisions between former regime and American Government"; (2) then I told him I had been authorized to transact business with the Provisional Government; and (3) Department entertains most friendly sentiments for Persia at the present time. [Paraphrase.] The Foreign Minister made it clear, however, that Reza Khan counts on receiving from us a communication in writing 'Dr. Arthur C. Millspaugh, American Director General of Finances for Persia. *Not printed; see footnote 2b, p. 677. which will use the words "provisional recognition". The Foreign Minister declared that he is willing to maintain unofficial relations, but that he cannot consent to official relations until receipt of note like that from Great Britain, which I reported in Legation's 80, November 3, midnight. Since German and Russian Ministers are this afternoon addressing similar communications to Reza Khan and representatives of other powers will probably do the same immediately, and since such declaration would not bind the United States Government in its attitude toward subsequent government, I suggest instructions from Department to address written note in language desired by Persian Government. [End paraphrase.] Zoka ol Molk has been appointed Acting Prime Minister, retaining Finance portfolio. AMORY 891.01/27: Telegram The Secretary of State to the Chargé in Persia (Amory) WASHINGTON, November 5, 1925-6 p. m. 56. Your 81, November 5, 4 p. m. (1) You are authorized to deliver to Persian Government a communication stating that this Government accords recognition to the provisional regime inaugurated in Persia pursuant to the recent decision of the Persian National Assembly pending the final decision to be taken by the Constituent Assembly. You should add that this recognition is accorded on the understanding that all international agreements between the United States and Persia will be scrupulously observed by the new regime. (2) [Paraphrase.] The form "recognition of the provisional regime" seems at once more exact and more in keeping with the general policy of the United States than the form "provisional recognition" used by British. [End paraphrase.] ... (3) Persian Chargé today inquired of Department whether you had been authorized to call on the Chief of State. Department sees no objection to such action if you consider it desirable. At that time you could impress upon Reza Khan that the United States desires to maintain with the new provisional regime in Persia relations of cordial understanding. Having determined upon the action outlined above the Department leaves it to your discretion to take such further action of a ceremonial or other character as may be necessary in view of the recog nition accorded the provisional regime. KELLOGG 891.01/28: Telegram The Chargé in Persia (Amory) to the Secretary of State TEHERAN, November 8, 1925-11 a. m. [Received November 8-6:52 a. m.] 82. Department's telegram 56. I delivered communication this morning to Foreign Minister, dated and accepted as of yesterday, in the sense of Department's instruction. Italian, Belgian, Polish, Egyptian colleagues have taken action of the same purport. It appears that Russian note alluded to in my 82 [81], merely expressed the hope future relations would remain as amicable as in the past. Have requested appointment call on Pahlavi. Will Department increase telegraph allotment? spent. 891.01/39 Seven-tenths The Secretary of State to the Persian Chargé (Kazemi) WASHINGTON, December 21, 1925. SIR: I beg to acknowledge the receipt of your communication of December 13, 1925 5a in which you have informed me that, on December 12th, the Constituent Assembly at Teheran, convoked for the purpose of deciding upon the permanent form of government in Persia and the person of the Chief of State, decided in favor of a Constitutional Monarchy in which the ruling dynasty shall be his Imperial Majesty Reza Shah Pahlevi and his male descendants. I am pleased to be able to inform you that, on December 15 [16], the American Chargé d'Affaires at Teheran was instructed to address a communication to the Persian Government stating that the Government of the United States, having noted the action of the Constituent Assembly of Persia in investing the Constitutional Monarchy of Persia in His Imperial Majesty Reza Shah Pahlevi, and being informed that the latter has taken the oath, extends recognition to the Government of Persia. This recognition has been accorded on the understanding that all international treaties and agreements between the United States and Persia shall be scrupulously observed. This communication was delivered on December 17th. On December 16th, the President of the United States cabled the following message to His Imperial Majesty Reza Shah Pahlevi: "It affords me great pleasure to express my sincere congratulations on this occasion of Your Majesty's accession and my best wishes for Ba Not printed. By telegram No. 62, Dec. 16, 6 p. m.; not printed. The Chargé in Persia had reported by telegram No. 88, Dec. 15, 11 p. m. (received Dec. 15, 5 p. m.), that France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, and Poland had recognized the permanent Persian Government. Your Majesty's good health and happiness. It is my earnest hope that during Your Majesty's reign the friendly relations now existing between Persia and the United States of America and between the peoples of our two countries will be still further strengthened. I shall make it my pleasant duty to cooperate with Your Majesty to that end, and I am certain that Your Majesty will find in Mr. Hoffman Philip, newly appointed Minister of the United States to Persia and now en route to Your Majesty's capital, a diplomatic representative eminently fitted to further that cooperation." Accept [etc.] FRANK B. KELLOGG COOPERATION OF THE UNITED STATES WITH GREAT BRITAIN IN EFFORTS TO RESTRICT THE EXPORT OF OPIUM FROM PORTS IN THE PERSIAN GULF' 891.114 Narcotics/33 The British Ambassador (Howard) to the Secretary of State No. 17 WASHINGTON, January 9, 1925. SIR: In your note of August 21st last, you were so good as to inform me that the United States Government were prepared to instruct the United States Minister at Teheran to support the representations which His Majesty's Charge d'Affaires had been instructed to address to the Persian Government with a view to their exercising a more effective control of the illicit traffic in opium from ports in the Persian Gulf, China and other Far Eastern countries; you added, however, that action in the matter would be deferred pending a settlement by the Persian Government of the questions arising through the murder of Mr. Vice-Consul Imbrie at Teheran." His Majesty's Government understand that these questions have been satisfactorily adjusted and they have accordingly instructed me to enquire whether the United States Government would now be prepared to approach the Persian Government in the matter. In this connection, I have the honour to enclose herewith copies of King's Regulations to His Majesty's Consular Officers in the Persian Gulf, which came into force on the 1st instant, laying down the procedure to be observed in future before granting clearance to a British ship with a cargo of opium on board. I have the honour to add that the co-operation of the United States Government in this matter is especially welcome to His Majesty's Government as demonstrating, at a time when difficulties appear to have arisen in arriving at an agreed settlement for an 7 Continued from Foreign Relations, 1924, vol. 1, pp. 582–591. 8 Ibid., p. 584. 'See ibid., p. 539, bracketed note. |