Annual Register of World Events

scribed for their conduct, and leave the issue in his hands, rather than those who manifest their distrust of his care, by resorting to arts and practices which he has forbidden; whether those, who are injured in their worldly prospects by their conscientious adherence to the line of rectitude, are not entitled to the full benefit of the scriptural consolation. "If ye suffer for righteousness sake, happy are ye;" and whether it is not the part of wisdom as well as of duty, whatever be the event at present, to regulate every action by that rule, according to which it will be judged at the last day."

We here close our account of this valuable book; from which, though we have taken copious extracts, we have omitted, on account of their length, several passages, which it was originally our wish to have inserted. For those selections which appear, we shall make no apology; the public are obliged,

by every sincere effort, to promote their benefit: and the author, if his character may be collected from his writings, will be highly gratified by any circumstances which may render his exertions more extensively useful. In this inference we can hardly be mistaken; as one prevailing feature in the composition is an energy, and indeed exuberance of style, arising evidently from his zeal and earnestness in favour of the cause he has undertaken. We heartily wish the work, what the author cannot command, though he deserves it, the best success. But whatever reception the labours of his pen may experience from his countrymen, for whose happiness he is ardently solicitous, he may rejoice in the full possession of rewards far surpassing literary praise, and which mortals can neither diminish nor augment;-the secret applause of his own heart, and the approbation of his Maker.

THE

CONTENTS.

HISTORY OF EUROPE.

CHAP. I.

Effects of the new Constitution established in Poland. -External and inter-

nal.-Notice to all the European Powers of the New Changes in Poland.

Schemes of the Courts of Petersburgh, Berlin, and Vienna, for the

complete Subjugation and Dismemberment of Poland.-Patriotic Associ-

ations in that Kingdom, in Support of the New Constitution.-Difficulties

and Perplexities of the Poles. - Plan of Defence against an expected

Attack by Russia. - Opposed by the Nobles. - Interference of Russia, and

Declaration of the Russian Ambassador to the King and Polish Diet.

The Nobles desist from their Opposition to the Plan for National Defence.-

A cordial Union between all Individuals and Parties. The King of

Poland invested with the Command of the Polish Armies. - The Russian

Army enters the Frontiers of Poland. - Various Actions between the

Russian and Polish Troops. - Application of the Poles for the stipulated

Succours to the King of Prussia. These refused.-Signal Victory ob-

tained by the Poles over the Russians. Inefficacy of this for the great

End for which they had taken up Arms.-Prevalence of the Russian

Power.-Submission of the Polish Nation.-Protest in the Diet against

this Submission. - Popular Dissatisfaction and Indignation at the Pro-

ceedings of the Diet.

CHAP. II.

Continuation of the Partitioning System of Policy.-Prussian Troops entering

Poland, tuke Possession of Dantzic and Thorn.-A second Partition of

Poland avowed and declared by the Partitioning Powers to the Polish Dict.-

Remonstrances of the Diet.-And Means employed for the Prevention of

that Partition.- Violences of the Russian Ambassador at Warsaw. The

Polish Diet compelled by an armed force to sign a Treaty of Peace and Al-

liance with Russia. And one of a like Nature and like Conditions with

Prussia.-A Spirit of Opposition in the Diet to Russia. -Revival of an

Order of Knighthood that had been suppressed by Order of the Czarina.-

Fatal Consequences of this Step.-Insolence and Tyranny of the Russians.

General Insurrection of the Poles.-Headed by Kosciusko. - Successes of

the Poles.-Junction of Russian and Prussian Forces for the Reduction of

Warsaw. Siege of Warsaw. - Brave and resolute Defence by the Poles.-

The

The King of Prussia raises the Siege. - An immense Russian Army, under

Suwarrow, advances against Warsaw. - Decisive Action. - Defeat and

Capture of Kosciusko. - All Hopes of Poland at an end.-Final Dis-

memberment.-Tyranny of the Russians. - Reflections

CHAP. III.

Action and Re-action of Measures and Events.- A Majority of the Dutch in-
clined to Peace and Amity with the French Republic.-Efforts of the Dutch
Government for the Suppression of this Spirit. - But the French Faction
increases.-A French Army invades the United Provinces. - Departure of
the Duke of York from Holland.-Boldness of the French Faction.-Pro-
portionable Dejection of the Stadtholderian Party. --Actions between the
British and French.-Retreat of the former towards the Leck. -Hostile
Behaviour of the Dutch to the English. -Extreme Hardships suffered by the
English Army in its Retreat from Holland.-Rage of the Amsterdammers
against the Prince of Orange. - Escape of this Prince to England. The
French invited to Amsterdam. ---Other Places declare also for the French.-
These admitted in all the Provinces. - Assembly of the Provisional Repre-
sentatives of the People of Holland. - Conquests of the French.- Alarm of
the Princes of the Coalition. - Continued and increasing Miseries of the
English Army-Transactions of the French Armies on the Rhine. The
French Republic entertains the most extensive Views of Conquest.-Prussia
deserts the Coalition, and forms a separate Peace with France. A se-
parate Peace concluded also between France and Spain

CHAP. IV.

A Pacification between the Convention and the Insurgents in La Vendéc.-

On Terms very favourable to the latter. -Yet they again rise in Arms.-

Action between the Republicans and Emigrants, with other Loyalists, near

Quiberon.-Defeat and Disasters of the Loyalists. Their Capture or total

Excision. A British Squadron reduces and fortifies L'Isle Dieu. -New

Arrangements in Holland.-Enormous Contributions. -The Convention

highly elated with the Successes of their Armies.-Distribution of these.-

Distresses of the French People. - Andthose of the Conquered Countries.-

Reduction of the Fortress of Luxembourg. - And Mentz invested by the

French. Who cross the Rhine.-Campaign on that River.-Successes of

the French.-And Losses. Tide of Success turned in Favour of the

Austrians. A Junction between the French Armies, under Jourdan and

Pichegru, checks the Victorious Career of the Austrians. - Manheim re-

taken from the French. - Campaign on the Italian Frontiers of France.-

Situation of the Interior of France. And general Temper of the French

Nation.-Extreme Animosity and Licentiousness of abusive Language.-

Measure of Convention for restraining this. And securing the Liberty

of Religious Worship

CHAP.

CHAP. V.

Examination of certain Members of the late Committee of Safety. These
declared accessary to the Tyrannies of Robespierre. - An immense Crowd,
entering the Hall of the Convention, demand Impunity for the accused
Members. This Tumult suppressed. - The Members of the tyrannical
Committee banished to Guiana.-A Number of turbulent Terrorists sent

- to Prison. - A Commission of Eleven Members appointed by the Convention
for drawing up a New Constitution.- Finances of France. -Judges and
Jurors of the Revolutionary Tribunal condemned.-And executed. The

-Lenity of the Convention exposes them to the Ill-Will of the Terrorists.-

Discontents. And Commotions. -A Crowd, breaking into the Hall of the

Convention, demands Bread.-Firmness of the President of the Convention.

-Outrages and Atrocities of the Mob. -The Convention delivered from

Insurgents by the Military force of Paris. - The Contest between the Con-

vention and the Rioters renewed. -The Convention deem it prudent to tem-

porize, and offer Terms of Accommodation. The Rioters invited to the

Honours of the Sitting. - And receive the Fraternal Kiss.- Resist the Exe-/

cution of the Law. -Forced to lay down their Arms, and surrender at Dis-

cretion. The Terrorists and their Adherents completely overthrown.-

Insurgents at Toulon.-Defeated by the Troops of the Line, with great

Slaughter. The Death of the Son of Lewis XVI. --Deliverance of the

young Princess of France from Prison. -The Convention, by several harsh

Decrees, obviate any Suspicions that might arise of their Attachment to

Loyalty. New Constitution, consisting of two Councils, and an Executive

Directory. Reflections thereon.

CHAP. VI.

Regulations respecting the Election of Deputies to the New National Assem-

bly. Considered by many as Infringements on the Privileges of the Peo-

ple.-Contentions on this Subject, between the Convention on the one Part,

and the Citizens of Paris, and other Cities on the other. Ambitious

Views of the Leaders of the Convention. - A Gloom cast on the Expectations

that had been formed from the New Constitution. Allegations in Favour

of the Convention. - Action between the Parisians and the Regular Troops,

who took Part with the Convention. - Complete Defeat of the Parisians.-

Artifices of the Convention in order to gloss this Insurrection. Resentment

against the Parisians severely exercised by the Convention. - Now released

from all Restraint. - Disappointment and Suspicions of neighbouring Na-

tions, concerning the New Constitution, and Regulation of Elections in

France. Plans of the Convention, for strengthening and perpetuating its

Authority.-A Commission of Five appointed to consult on Measures for

Saving the Country. A Vote for the Annulment of the Commission of

Five confirming the Constitution agreed on, and the Dissolution of the As-

sembly. The Moderates prevail. - Reflections on the Temper and Conduct

of the Convention

100

CHAP.

CHAP. VII.

Meeting of the New Legislature. --Strength of the predominant Party.-
New and great Object of Ambition among the Leaders. - Characters of the
Members of the newly-established Directory.-Pomp and Parade of the
Directory.-Policy of keeping up a Taste for external Splendour and Dis
tinction. These hateful to the rigid Republicans. The Terrorists, called
now the Society of the Pantheon, resume their primary Designs. -The Di-
rectory alarmed, yet judge it expedient to court the Favour of the Terra.
rists. Regulations of the Directory, and Contests respecting the public
Songs of Paris-The Spirit and Temper of the Parisians indicated by these
Contests: a seasonable Admonition to the Directory. Decline of Terror-
ism.- The Terrorists, or Society of the Pantheon suppressed, and the House
itself shut up. The Terrorists continue to assemble, and give vent to their
Rage, in small Parties. - A new Opposition to the Directory, more formid.
able than the Society of the Pantheon had been.--Reduction of the Galleries
in the Hall of the Convention, to a Space not containing more than three