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BIBLICAL LIGHTS

AND SIDE LIGHTS.

A Cyclopedia of ten thousand illustrations and thirty
thousand cross references, consisting of fact, inci-
dent and remarkable declarations taken from the
Bible; for the use of those in every profession who,
for illustrative purposes, desire ready access to the
numerous incidents and striking statements con-
tained in the Bible-students, teachers, public speak-
ers, lawyers, ministers, and others, as also for the
family library. Prepared by Rev. Charles E. Little
(author of "Historical Lights," etc.).

Royal 8vo, 620 pp. Price, Cloth, $4.00; Law
Sheep, $5.50.

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Biblical Lights and Side Lights' is a specially
useful book. It ranks next to a Concordance.

Mr. Little's work is a great success."-Rev. C. H
Spurgeon.

"We have never seen a work on Bible reference so
thoroughly systematized.
Admirably arranged.

Topics are taken from the domains of religion,
philosophy, science, art, social life, and politics.
Has great value for educated persons in every calling."
-National Baptist, Philadelphia.

FUNK & WAGNALLS CO., Publishers,
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THE LITERARY DIGEST.

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Important Work-Ready Soon.

CRIMINOLOGY.

RATE. A Psychological and Scientific Study of Criminals with Relation to Psychical and Physical Types, etc. By ARTHUR MAC DONALD, U. S. Representative at the International Congress on Criminology, at Brussels; Specialist in Education as Related to the Abnormal and Weakling Classes, U. S. Bureau of Education, etc. Introduction by Professor Cesare Lombroso, of the University of Turin, Italy. With an Appendix giving an Extensive Bibli. ography of the Best Books on Crime, in the Several Languages. 12mo, Cloth, 416 pp. Price, $2.00. Post-free.

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Harper's Magazine..

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Young People...

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The Author's plans for study, preparatory to the issue of this important work, included 4 50 special visits to the principal prisons and charitable institutions in England, France, Germany, 800 Belgium, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, and America. He passed two entire summers with

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5 50 criminals in our best institutions at Elmira, Rochester, Auburn, and other points, and was 500 locked in the cells with them in order to become more fully learned concerning them. The matter of some confidential statements and complaints made to him by some of the inmates is, 600 in this book, for the first time made public.

600 Professor Lombroso says, in the Introduction to the work:

4 50

"It is well that the problem of the science of criminal anthropology has been attacked from its most important side-that of the type. When this problem is once resolved, it will no longer be pos

4 00 sible to deny the organicity of crime, its anatomical nature and degenerative source; and then all 500 the reforms, such as institutions for incorrigible and insane criminals, will become a necessity. This 500 point, as to type, is scarcely recognized even by the most respectable savants."

5 00

Address, Publishers of THE LITERARY DIGEST,

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VOL. VI. NO. 9. WHOLE NO. 141. FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY, 18-20 ASTOR PLACE, NEW YORK.

NEW YORK, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1892.

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"The Missionary Review of the World' has its circulation both in America and England, and is the only complete current review of missionary operations and missionary problems in connection with all Protestant agencies all the world over."-The Rock, London.

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"THE REVIEW sweeps its vision over the entire world, and it not only sees, but knows how to tell what it sees. of missions which will be the peer of our best literary monthlies in quality and interest."-American Missionary. THE REV. DR. R. W. DALE, the eloquent preacher and writer of Birmingham, England (well known in this country, particularly for his course of lectures to the Theological Students of Yale University), at a public meeting in January called the attention of the audience to THE MISSIONARY REVIEW OF THE WORLD, declaring it "incomparably the best and most stimulating periodical on Missions to be found in the world."

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A Bible Translation of Great Value.

YOUNG'S

(LITERAL AND IDIOMATIC)

Bible Translation

Translated According to the Letter and
Idiom of the Original Language. By
Robert Young, LL.D., Author of
Young's “Analytical Concor-
dance to the Bible," etc., etc.

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Boston, Mass.

(Second Revised Edition.)

Extract from Preface to the First
Edition.

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There are two modes of translation which may be

adopted in rendering into our own language the wri

tings of an ancient writer. The one is, to bring him

before us in such a manner as that we may regard him
as our own; the other, to transport ourselves, on the
contrary, over to him, adopting his situation, modes of

Dyspepsia

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gestures, voice, etc. Each of these plans has its ad-
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nineteenth century must inevitably tend to change the remedy which gave me most gratifying results
or speak or reason as if they were Englishmen of the College, Philadelphia, says: "A wonderful
translator into a paraphrast or a commentator-charac-in the worst forms of dyspepsia."
ters which, however useful, stand altogether apart from

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"The following translation of the New Testament is
based upon the belief that every word of the original is
'God-breathed,' as the Apostle Paul says in his Second
Epistle to Timothy, chap. 3. 16.
This inspi-
ration extends only to the original text, as it came
from the pens of the writers, not to any transla-
tions ever made by man, however aged, venerable or
good; and only in so far as any of these adhere to the
original-neither adding to nor omitting from it one
particle-are they of any real value, for, to the extent
that they vary from the original, the doctrine of ver-
bal inspiration is lost, so far as that version is con-
cerned.

"A strictly lileral rendering may not be so pleasant to
the car as one where the apparent sense is chiefly aimed
at, yet it is not euphony but truth that ought to be
sought
in such a version as the one com-
monly in use in this country, there are scarcely
two consecutive verses where there is not some departure
from the original."

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English readers of the word of God are indeed under a great obligation to Dr. Young for thus furnishing them with a weapon by which, in consequence of this translation being according to the letter and idiom refute many of the most subtle infidel objections, which would really have no existence were it not for the fact that in our authorized version the rendering is not only sometimes vague, but also positively misleading. We, therefore, most heartily commend this work to the notice of evangelists, Christian evidence lecturers, city missionaries, and laymen generally, as by its possession they will have placed in their hands a golden key to open that which to them (in consequence of a nonacquaintance of Hebrew and Greek) had, to a certain extent, been a sealed book. This being essentially a

of the original language, they are enabled effectually to

critical age we consider this version meets a felt need,
and we regard it as providential that in these last times

the Lord should have raieed up one who, by giving to

the English reader this translation, together with the

Analytical Concordance, has placed him, so far as the

study of the Bible is concerned, on a level with those
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our most holy faith are at once answered simply by the
Stuart Muir, D.D.

correct rendering of the Hebrew phrases."-Rev. Adam

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able use, that would be an exact counterpart of the He-
brew. In a word, causing the Scriptures to present to

but even the same minute shades of thought and feel

Address, Treasury Depart- the English reader not only the same general meaning. ment, Funk & Wagnalls Com-nal tongues, Mr. Young's translation seems to be ad. Normal and Professional Training. Musical and Company, 18 and 20 Astor Place, kie, D.D. New York.

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The session of the Chamber at which the bomb of the

scandal exploded will long remain one of the most painful and
humiliating which the parliamentary annals of any people can
record. Since the day when Cromwell, sweeping out the con-
temptible legislators of the Long Parliament, reviled each of
them; "You, I know you; you are a thief! You are a
swindler! You are a drunkard! You are an adulterer!" I
do not think there has ever been a scene like that of the session
of November 21, when a Deputy declared in the presence
of his colleagues: "There are among us one hundred and fifty
who have pocketed Panama money, in order to authorize the
most colossal swindle of this century!"

After having put the members of the Rump in the gutter,

Cromwell had put up over the door of the empty bui' 'ng a

sign, with the simple inscription: A Chamber To Let...bove

the colonnade of the Palais Bourbon, you could not to-day

inscribe even, A Chamber For Sale, but only, A Chamber Sold.

For lack of a Cromwell to clean out the dung of this stable,

we must hope that the public honesty will take charge of the

next election.

No one has escaped accusation, beginning with President

Floquet himself, and going on to former Ministers, of whom
one received 400,000 francs. It was not the living alone who
were dishonored; the dead were befouled as well. Every one
sold himself at his own valuation-this one for 200,000 francs,
that one for 300,000, another for a still higher price. With
how much reason the philosopher said: The most profitable
trade in the world would be to buy men at their real value, and
sell them at the value they put on themselves!

What a pretty scene was that of the Parliamentary Commit-
tee of eleven members, discussing the question as to whether
the Panama Company should be authorized to emit shares by
lot! Five members were in favor of giving such authority,
five were opposed. Everything depended on the eleventh man.
Like a prudent and sensible fellow, he trotted off to the Panama
Company to offer his services for 200,000 francs, and returned
forthwith to make the scales incline to the right side!

It was an open market, where work which is usually accom-
plished in the dark was done without shame in the full light
of day. A well-known member of the Stock Exchange was
put in charge of the enterprise, and, with his check-book in
hand, he went about the legislative benches just as, at Tatter-
sall's, the animals, in line in stalls, are inspected with a price
affixed. So much for this mare, so much for that colt!
"The Chamber," said the accuser, can be divided into two

parts; those who have taken Panama money and those who

have not." The accuser was mistaken. He forgot a third

group; those who would have liked nothing better than to

take some of the money.

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The most marked characteristic of this strange affair is that
the public sees no improbability in the imputations, and
gives full credence to all the infamous rumors.

Is it true, as is persistently affirmed, that M. Floquet, when
he was Prime Minister, compelled the Panama cow to yield
him 300,000 francs to use in fighting the Paris candidacy
of General Boulanger? Is it true that out of this sum M.
Floquet gave 100,000 francs to one evening newspaper and
100,000 francs to one morning paper, reserving the balance to
help the official candidacy of M. Jacques?

Even if this account of the disposition of the money be
exact, it cannot be too loudly proclaimed that the responsi-
bility of a Minister is nowise diminished because he uses
money thus extorted to aid his political plans, in place of
employing it for his own needs or personal pleasures. The

Panama strong-box was not a State bank into which the depositaries of France could put their hands, but the treasury of a private enterprise, the funds of which were destined for a particular purpose and belonged to the shareholders exclusively.

We remember a debate in the Corps Legislatif in the time of the Empire. The question under discussion was the contested election of M. Isaac Péreire for a department of the South. He was reproached with having aided the vote by his great fortune, and defended himself with energy. "Money," he was imprudent enough to say, "has in my election played but a very small part." Up rose Jules Favre and thundered out: "Well, sir, it must not play any." This single word made such an impression that the majority did not dare to disregard it and the election was declared void.

Five of the administrators of Panama are charged with employing fraudulent manœuvres. These manoeuvres are laws voted by the Chamber and authority granted by the Government. It is, then, the whole official world, we may almost say the system of government itself, which is the cause of this ignoble business. It is not in the Denmark of Shakespeare alone that there is something rotten, but in our Republic. Never did the Chagres, that devastating torrent which, it is said, renders the cutting of the projected canal impossible, carry to the sea such a mass of stinking filth as the tribune of the Chamber has seen pass at its foot during the last two days. God alone knows what a river of mud is going to flow as a result of the action of the Investigating Committee.

THE UNHAPPY CONDITION OF FRANCE. Translated and Condensed for THE LITERARY DIGEST from a Paper (2 pp.) in Revue Bleue, Paris, December 3.

EX

XCEPT defamers and lovers of scandal, no one can be satisfied with the political condition in which we are. Not only has there been a ministerial crisis, even before the debate on the Budget has begun, not only is the political truce upon which every one counts on the approach of New Year's Day no longer observed, but there reigns in all minds the greatest disorder.

To what is due this crumbling to pieces of the forces of France, this apparent dissolution of a society, so thoroughly alive and so laborious? Is it the Panama affair? People are tempted to believe it because there is a natural tendency to exaggerate the importance of current events. The cause of the evil, however, lies farther back than the Panama matter, much further back. The special cause of the difficulty is that the Ministers who have succeeded each other since the last Parliamentary elections have lacked the vigor necessary to steer and lead the majority in the Chamber of Deputies.

Things are not as they were three years ago, at the beginning of this legislature. Since the Sovereign Pontiff spoke, the old parties on the Right are nearly in a state of dissolution; they no longer find candidates to offer for the suffrages of the electors in the elections for single seats. There are not now in the

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age and take the attitude of dictators. All that we ask of our governors is to make the law and all the laws respected. The republican government which shall say, "I am a government of liberty; France enjoys at this moment an amount of liberty which it has never known at any preceding time; but I do not permit any one to violate the law, because the law is the guarantee of individual liberty, the refuge and safeguard for us all; -the government which shall say that, and act in conformity with its declaration, will be saluted and hailed as a liberator. Where are we to-day? Has there not been a series of concessions and weaknesses, which have brought us to the crisis which exists? Was not the strike at Carmaux a conclusive demonstration of the powerlessness of the Government? Is there not a law which confines syndicates to the exercise of certain express powers? Has that law been respected? Is there not a law which punishes abusive words addressed to the representatives of authority? Has that law been respected? Have the commissions of the mayors who refused to publish ministerial circulars been revoked?

After this, no one can be astonished that such an attenuated Government could not muster the energy necessary to face resolutely the Panama question. This burning question should have been solved by the Government itself. The parliamentary inquiry which the Chamber has been allowed to make is something which the Government itself should have done. It has a carefully selected judiciary; it has in its hands all the legal means of information and repression, and it abandons its powers to a Committee, the first public act of which was to put out the Ministry.

At this moment, it cannot be said that Parliament governs, for there is no government in France. Yet Parliament reigns. Its Committee reigns over the ruins of the Ministry and of the judiciary which the Committee replaces. Another step, and we shall have a Committee of Public Safety. We should have had that already, if we had but one Chamber. The Senate, which has heretofore rendered the country so many good services, has rendered us one more, by interposing to prevent a Parliamentary dictatorship. Nevertheless we shall infallibly reach that point, if we have not the courage to put things back in their places.

THE FRANCO-RUSSIAN ALLIANCE AND THE
TRIPLE ALLIANCE IN THE LIGHT
OF HISTORY.

Translated and Condensed for THE LITERARY DIGEST from a Paper (48 pp `in.
Deutsche Revue, Breslau, December.

V.

[We will not follow this history into all the details of the last decade. It is mainly a history of Russian intrigue to undermine the Ottoman Empire and create such disorganization in the States of the Balkan Peninsula as is consistent with Russia's views that she is the rightful successor to the "Sick Man." We have already devoted an unusually large space to the article and will pass on to the writer's view of the present situation.]

Chamber fifty deputies who oppose the principle of republican E Triple Alliance stands unshaken in its strength. The THE

institutions.

In order to have the shape of a government at all, the Republic must, first and above all, allow no part of the central power to be weakened by petty insurrections on the part of the local powers. For making itself obeyed and respected, the present Government has an advantage possessed by none of its predecessors. It speaks in the name neither of a family nor of a dynasty; it does not subordinate itself to any personal interest. Those who represent it speak in the name of all Frenchmen. It is the common interest of the country, it is the patrimony belonging to us all, which the Government defends. For an impersonal government, the one quality absolutely necessary is firmness.

To show firmness, it is quite needless to display heroic cour

recent opposition of the young-Czechish party in Austria only served to demonstrate the strength of Kalnoky's position, and to draw from him assurances that the Allies reposed such perfect confidence in each other's support and good faith, that written stipulations were of little significance.

The inner development of the Triple Alliance, beyond the limits of its written provisions, is only the more flourishing in. the face of the Franco-Russian Alliance. The visit of the French fleet to Cronstadt was without the slightest result; the French exhibition in Moscow designed to foster the Alliance was a fiasco; and the contemplated finance operation in Paris was shattered by Rothschild's opposition. It was to remove the ill-effect of this last failure that the fleet was sent to Cronstadt. The Czar was by no means pleased with the intimation of the French intentions, but the visit could not

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