(d) 127 Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (b), funds appropriated under this section may be used for assistance to centers for pediatric plastic and reconstructive surgery established by Children's Medical Relief International, except that assistance may not be furnished for the domestic operations of any such center located in the United States, its territories or possessions.

Sec. 215.116 Loans to Small Farmers.-" * [Repealed-1978] Sec. 216.116 Voluntary Agencies.— [Repealed-1978]

Sec. 217.116 Used Equipment.-* * * [Repealed-1978]

Sec. 218.116 Fish and Other Protein Concentrates.-*** [Repealed-1978]

Sec. 219.128 Prototype Desalting Plant. (a) In furtherance of purposes of this part and for the purpose of improving existing, and developing and advancing new technology and experience in the design, construction, and operation of large-scale desalting plants of advanced concepts which will contribute materially to low-cost desalination in all countries, including the United States, the President, if he determines it to be feasible, is authorized to participate in the development of a large-scale water treatment and desalting prototype plant and necessary appurtenances to be constructed in Israel as an integral part of a dual-purpose power generating and desalting project. Such participation shall include financial, technical, and such other assistance as the President deems appropriate to provide for the study, design, construction, and, for a limited demonstration period of not to exceed five years, operation and maintenance of the water treatment and desalting facilities of the dual-purpose project.

(b) Any agreement entered into under subsection (a) of this section shall include such terms and conditions as the President deems appropriate to insure, among other things, that all information, products, uses, processes, patents, and other developments obtained or utilized in the development of this prototype plant will be available without further cost to the United States for the use and benefit of the United States throughout the world, and to insure that the United States, its officers and employees have a permanent right to review data and have access to such plant for the purpose of observing its operations and improving science and technology in the field of desalination.

190). Authorizations under sec. 214 for recent years included the following: fiscal year 1975$19,000,000; fiscal year 1976 $25,000,000; fiscal year 1977-$25,000,000; fiscal year 1978$25,000,000; fiscal year 1979 $25,000,000; fiscal year 1980 $25,000,000; fiscal year 1981$30,000,000; fiscal year 1982-$20,000,000; fiscal year 1983 $20,000,000; fiscal year 1984$30,000,000; fiscal year 1985-no authorization; fiscal year 1988-no authorization; fiscal year 1989 no authorization; fiscal year 1990-no authorization; fiscal year 1991-no authorization; fiscal year 1992-no authorization.

Congress did not enact an authorization for fiscal year 1993. Instead, the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1993 (Public Law 102-391), waived the requirement for authorizations and title II of that Act (106 Stat. 1643) provided the following:

"AMERICAN SCHOOLS AND HOSPITALS ABROAD

"For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of section 214, $30,000,000.".

127 Sec. 114(2) of the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-424; 92 Stat. 950) repealed subsecs. (d) and (e) (which had been added by the FA Act of 1973), and redesignated subsec. (f) (which had been added by Public Law 95-88; 91 Stat. 539) as subsec. (d).

128 22 U.S.C. 2179. Sec. 219 was added by sec. 104 of the FA Act of 1969 (Public Law 91-175; 83 Stat. 806).

(c) In carrying out the provisions of this section, the President may enter into contracts with public or private agencies and with any person without regard to sections 3648 and 3709 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (31 U.S.C. 529 and 41 U.S.C. 5).

(d) Nothing in this section shall be construed as intending to deprive the owner of any background patent or any right which such owner may have under that patent.

(e) In carrying out the provisions of this section, the President may utilize the personnel, services, and facilities of any Federal

agency.

(f) The United States costs, other than its administrative costs, for the study, design, construction, and operation of a prototype plant under this section shall not exceed either 50 per centum of the total capital costs of the facilities associated with the production of water, and 50 per centum of the operation and maintenance costs for the demonstration period, or $20,000,000, whichever is less. There are authorized to be appropriated, subject to the limitations of this subsection, such sums as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section, including administrative costs thereof. Such sums are authorized to remain available until expended.

(g) No funds appropriated for the Office of Saline Water pursuant to the appropriation authorized by the Act of July 11, 1969 (83 Stat. 45, Public Law 91-43), or prior authorization Acts, shall be used to carry out the purposes of this section.

Sec. 220.116 Programs for Peaceful Communication.-* * * [Repealed-1978]

Sec. 220A.116 Suez Canal.—* * * [Repealed-1978]

Title III-Housing and Other Credit Guaranty Programs 129

Sec. 221.130 Housing Guaranties.-The Congress recognizes that shelter, including essential urban development services, is 131 among the most fundamental of human needs. Shelter for most people in the developing countries consists largely of domestic materials assembled by local labor. While recognizing that most financing for such shelter 132 must come from domestic resources, the Congress finds that carefully designed programs involving United States capital and expertise can increase the availability of domestic financing for improved shelter 132 and related services for low income people by demonstrating to local entrepreneurs and in

190 Title III was added by sec. 105 of the FA Act of 1969. Sec. 8(a)(1) of the FA Act of 1974 aubstituted the title heading "Housing and Other Credit Guaranty Programs" in lieu of "Housing Quaranties" 14022 USC 2181 er 221, which was added by the FA Act of 1969, was amended and restatnd by met 115km of the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1978 (Public Law 06 424, 92 Sat 950)

The words "including essential urban development services, is" were inserted in lieu of the words "perquirements are" by sec. 541(a) of the Foreign Assistance Appropriations Act, 1985, a contained in the Continuing Appropriations Act, 1985 (Public Law 98-473; 98 Stat. 1903). This amendment had been included as sec. 311(a)(1) of H.R. 5119, the International Security and De velopment Cooperation Act of 1984, as passed by the House on May 10, 1984. Sec. 541(a) enacted

"The word "whalter" was inserted in lieu of the word "housing" by sec. 541(a) of the Foreign Amintance Appengriations Act, 1985, as contained in the Continuing Appropriations Act, 1985 Public Log474, at 1903). This amendment had been included as sec. 311(a)2) of HR Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1984, as passed by the 541(a) enacted sec. 311 of H.R. 5119.

$110 the International Home on May 10, 1984

stitutions that providing low-cost shelter 132 can be financially viable. The Congress reaffirms, therefore, that the United States should continue to assist developing countries in marshalling resources for low-cost shelter. 132 Particular attention should be given to programs which will support pilot projects for low-cost shelter or which will have a maximum demonstration impact on local institutions and national policy. The Congress declares that the long run goal of all such programs should be to develop domestic construction capabilities and to stimulate local credit institutions to make available domestic capital and other management and technological resources required for effective low-cost shelter programs and policies.

Sec. 222.133 Authorization. (a) To carry out the policy of section 221, the President is authorized to issue guaranties to eligible investors (as defined in section 238(c)) assuring against losses incurred in connection with loans made for projects meeting the criteria set forth in section 221. The total principal amount of guaranties issued under this title or heretofore issued under prior housing guaranty authorities, which are outstanding at any one time, shall not exceed $2,558,000,000.134 The authority of this section shall continue through September 30, 1992.135 The President may issue

133 22 U.S.C. 2182. Sec. 222, which was added by the FA Act of 1969 and had concerned housing projects in Latin American countries, was amended and restated by sec. 115(a) of the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-424; 92 Stat. 950).

134 This figure was increased from $2,158,000,000 by title II, chapter III, of the Dire Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for 1990 (Public Law 101-302; 104 Stat. 224). This figure was previously increased from $1,958,000,000 by sec. 313(a) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 (Public Law 99-83; 99 Stat. 190); and from $1,718,000,000 by sec. 541(a) of the Foreign Assistance Appropriations Act, 1985, as contained in the Continuing Appropriations Act, 1985 (Public Law 98-473; 98 Stat. 1903). This amendment had been included as sec. 311(b)(1) of H.R. 5119, the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1984, as passed by the House on May 10, 1984. Sec. 541(a) enacted sec. 311 of H.R. 5119. Previously, the amount was raised from $1,555,000,000 to $1,718,000,000 by sec. 310(a) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-113; 95 Stat. 1535) and from $1,180,000,000 to $1,155,000,000 by sec. 112(a)(1) of Public Law 96-53 (93 Stat. 363).

Congress did not enact an authorization for fiscal year 1993. Instead, the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1993 (Public Law 102-391), waived the requirements for authorization and title II of that Act (106 Stat. 1644) provided the following:

"HOUSING GUARANTY PROGRAM ACCOUNT

"For the subsidy cost, as defined in section 13201 of the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990, of guaranteed loans authorized by sections 221 and 222 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, $16,407,000: Provided, That these funds are available to subsidize total loan principal, any part of which is to be guaranteed, not to exceed $150,000,000: Provided further, That these funds are available to subsidize loan principal, 100 percent of which shall be guaranteed, pursuant to the authority of such sections: Provided further, That the President shall enter into commitments to guarantee such loans in the full amount provided under this heading, subject to the availability of qualified applicants for such guarantees. In addition, for administrative expenses to carry out guaranteed loan programs, $8,407,000, all of which may be transferred to and merged with the appropriation for Operating Expenses of the Agency for International Development: Provided further, That commitments to guarantee loans under this heading may be entered into notwithstanding the second and third sentences of section 222(a) and, with regard to programs for Eastern Europe, section 223(j) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961: Provided further, That none of the funds appropriated under this heading shall be obligated except through the regular notification procedures of the Committees on Appropriations.".

135 The authority of this section was extended from Sept. 30, 1991, by title II of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1991 (Public Law 101513; 104 Stat. 1989). Previously the authority was extended from Sept. 30, 1990, by title II of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1990 (Public Law 101-167; 103 Stat. 1205); from Sept. 30, 1989, by title II of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1988 (sec. 101(e) of the Continuing Appropriations for 1988, Public Law 100-202; 101 Stat. 1329); from Sept. 30, 1986, by sec. 313(b) of the

Continued

(c) In carrying out the provisions of this section, the President may enter into contracts with public or private agencies and with any person without regard to sections 3648 and 3709 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (31 U.S.C. 529 and 41 U.S.C. 5).

(d) Nothing in this section shall be construed as intending to deprive the owner of any background patent or any right which such owner may have under that patent.

(e) In carrying out the provisions of this section, the President may utilize the personnel, services, and facilities of any Federal

agency.

(f) The United States costs, other than its administrative costs, for the study, design, construction, and operation of a prototype plant under this section shall not exceed either 50 per centum of the total capital costs of the facilities associated with the production of water, and 50 per centum of the operation and maintenance costs for the demonstration period, or $20,000,000, whichever is less. There are authorized to be appropriated, subject to the limitations of this subsection, such sums as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section, including administrative costs thereof. Such sums are authorized to remain available until expended.

(g) No funds appropriated for the Office of Saline Water pursuant to the appropriation authorized by the Act of July 11, 1969 (83 Stat. 45, Public Law 91-43), or prior authorization Acts, shall be used to carry out the purposes of this section.

Sec. 220.116 Programs for Peaceful Communication.-* * * [Repealed-1978]

* * *

Sec. 220A.116 Suez Canal.- [Repealed-1978]

Title III-Housing and Other Credit Guaranty Programs 129

Sec. 221.130 Housing Guaranties.-The Congress recognizes that shelter, including essential urban development services, is 131 among the most fundamental of human needs. Shelter for most people in the developing countries consists largely of domestic materials assembled by local labor. While recognizing that most financing for such shelter 132 must come from domestic resources, the Congress finds that carefully designed programs involving United States capital and expertise can increase the availability of domestic financing for improved shelter 132 and related services for low-income people by demonstrating to local entrepreneurs and in

129 Title III was added by sec. 105 of the FA Act of 1969. Sec. 8(a)(1) of the FA Act of 1974 substituted the title heading "Housing and Other Credit Guaranty Programs" in lieu of "Housing Guaranties". 130 22 U.S.C. 2181. Sec. 221, which was added by the FA Act of 1969, was amended and restated by sec. 115(a) of the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-424; 92 Stat. 950).

131 The words "including essential urban development services, is" were inserted in lieu of the words "requirements are" by sec. 541(a) of the Foreign Assistance Appropriations Act, 1985, as contained in the Continuing Appropriations Act, 1985 (Public Law 98-473; 98 Stat. 1903). This amendment had been included as sec. 311(a)(1) of H.R. 5119, the International Security and De velopment Cooperation Act of 1984, as passed by the House on May 10, 1984. Sec. 541(a) enacted sec. 311 of H.R. 5119.

132 The word "shelter" was inserted in lieu of the word "housing" by sec. 541(a) of the Foreign Assistance Appropriations Act, 1985, as contained in the Continuing Appropriations Act, 1985 (Public Law 98-473; 98 Stat. 1903). This amendment had been included as sec. 311(a)2) of H.R. 5119, the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1984, as passed by the House on May 10, 1984. Sec. 541(a) enacted sec. 311 of H.R. 5119.

stitutions that providing low-cost shelter 132 can be financially viable. The Congress reaffirms, therefore, that the United States should continue to assist developing countries in marshalling resources for low-cost shelter. 132 Particular attention should be given to programs which will support pilot projects for low-cost shelter or which will have a maximum demonstration impact on local institutions and national policy. The Congress declares that the long run goal of all such programs should be to develop domestic construction capabilities and to stimulate local credit institutions to make available domestic capital and other management and technological resources required for effective low-cost shelter programs and policies.

Sec. 222.133 Authorization.—(a) To carry out the policy of section 221, the President is authorized to issue guaranties to eligible investors (as defined in section 238(c)) assuring against losses incurred in connection with loans made for projects meeting the criteria set forth in section 221. The total principal amount of guaranties issued under this title or heretofore issued under prior housing guaranty authorities, which are outstanding at any one time, shall not exceed $2,558,000,000.134 The authority of this section shall continue through September 30, 1992.135 The President may issue

133 22 U.S.C. 2182. Sec. 222, which was added by the FA Act of 1969 and had concerned housing projects in Latin American countries, was amended and restated by sec. 115(a) of the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-424; 92 Stat. 950).

134 This figure was increased from $2,158,000,000 by title II, chapter III, of the Dire Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for 1990 (Public Law 101-302; 104 Stat. 224). This figure was previously increased from $1,958,000,000 by sec. 313(a) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 (Public Law 99-83; 99 Stat. 190); and from $1,718,000,000 by sec. 541(a) of the Foreign Assistance Appropriations Act, 1985, as contained in the Continuing Appropriations Act, 1985 (Public Law 98-473; 98 Stat. 1903). This amendment had been included as sec. 311(b)(1) of H.R. 5119, the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1984, as passed by the House on May 10, 1984. Sec. 541(a) enacted sec. 311 of H.R. 5119. Previously, the amount was raised from $1,555,000,000 to $1,718,000,000 by sec. 310(a) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-113; 95 Stat. 1535) and from $1,180,000,000 to $1,155,000,000 by sec. 112(a)(1) of Public Law 96-53 (93 Stat. 363).

Congress did not enact an authorization for fiscal year 1993. Instead, the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1993 (Public Law 102-391), waived the requirements for authorization and title II of that Act (106 Stat. 1644) provided the following:

"HOUSING GUARANTY PROGRAM ACCOUNT

"For the subsidy cost, as defined in section 13201 of the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990, of guaranteed loans authorized by sections 221 and 222 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, $16,407,000: Provided, That these funds are available to subsidize total loan principal, any part of which is to be guaranteed, not to exceed $150,000,000: Provided further, That these funds are available to subsidize loan principal, 100 percent of which shall be guaranteed, pursuant to the authority of such sections: Provided further, That the President shall enter into commitments to guarantee such loans in the full amount provided under this heading, subject to the availability of qualified applicants for such guarantees. In addition, for administrative expenses to carry out guaranteed loan programs, $8,407,000, all of which may be transferred to and merged with the appropriation for Operating Expenses of the Agency for International Development: Provided further, That commitments to guarantee loans under this heading may be entered into notwithstanding the second and third sentences of section 222(a) and, with regard to programs for Eastern Europe, section 223(j) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961: Provided further, That none of the funds appropriated under this heading shall be obligated except through the regular notification procedures of the Committees on Appropriations."

135 The authority of this section was extended from Sept. 30, 1991, by title II of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1991 (Public Law 101513; 104 Stat. 1989). Previously the authority was extended from Sept. 30, 1990, by title II of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1990 (Public Law 101-167; 103 Stat. 1205); from Sept. 30, 1989, by title II of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1988 (sec. 101(e) of the Continuing Appropriations for 1988, Public Law 100-202; 101 Stat. 1329); from Sept. 30, 1986, by sec. 313(b) of the

Continued