§ 156. Capital offenses; requisites for convictions; conviction of lesser offense.

Insurrection or rebellion against the government of either of the countries mentioned in section 141 of this title, with intent to subvert the same, and murder, shall be capital offenses, punishable with death; but no person shall be convicted of either of those crimes, unless the consul and his associates in the trial all concur in opinion, and the minister also approves of the conviction. But it shall be lawful to convict one put upon trial for either of these crimes, of a less offense of a similar character, if the evidence justifies it, and to punish, as for other offenses, by fine or imprisonment, or both. (R. S. § 4102.) DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 15, 12 Stat. 75.

§ 157. Punishment for contempt of court.

No fine imposed by a consul for a contempt committed in presence of the court, or for failing to obey a summons from the same, shall exceed $50; nor shall the imprisonment exceed twenty-four hours for the same contempt. (R. S. § 4104.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 8, 12 Stat. 74.

§ 158. Execution of criminals; pardons.

Whenever any person is convicted of either of the crimes punishable with death, in either of the countries mentioned in section 141 of this title, it shall be the duty of the minister to issue his warrant for the execution of the convict, appointing the time, place, and manner; but if the minister is satisfied that the ends of public justice demand it, he may from time to time postpone such execution; and if he finds mitigating circumstances which authorize it, he may submit the case to the President for pardon. (R. S. § 4103.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 15, 12 Stat. 75.

§ 159. Fees for judicial services; application of moneys; rendition of accounts.

It shall be the duty of the minister in each of the countries mentioned in section 141 of this title to establish a tariff of fees for judicial services, which shall be paid by such parties, and to such persons, as the minister shall direct; and the proceeds shall, as far as is necessary, be applied to defray the expenses incident to the execution of sections 141-143, 145159, 163-174, 176–181, 183, 211, 212, 218, 219, 251— 258, and 1172 of this title, sections 701-704 of Title 28, and sections 21-24 of Title 50; and regular accounts, both of receipts and expenditures, shall be kept by the minister and consuls and transmitted annually to the Secretary of State. (R. S. § 4120.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 17. 12 Stat. 75.

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Sections 701-704 of Title 28, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 1782 and 1785 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Section 211 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act July 3, 1926, ch. 772, § 4, 44 Stat. 887, and is now covered by section 211a of this title.

Section 219 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and is now covered by section 1541 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

Sections 251 and 255 of this title, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 112 and 1545 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

§ 160. Settlement of criminal cases.

In all criminal cases which are not of a heinous character, it shall be lawful for the parties aggrieved or concerned therein, with the assent of the minister in the country, or consul, to adjust and settle the same among themselves, upon pecuniary or other considerations. (R. S. § 4099.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 18, 12 Stat. 76.

§ 161. Arbitration, reference, and compromise of civil

cases.

It shall be the duty of the ministers and the consuls in the countries mentioned in section 141 of this title to encourage the settlement of controversies of a civil character, by mutual agreement, or to submit them to the decision of referees agreed upon by the parties; and the minister in each country shall prepare a form of submission for such cases, to be signed by the parties, and acknowledged before the consul. When parties have so agreed to refer, the referees may, after suitable notice of the time and place of meeting for the trial, proceed to hear the case, and a majority of them shall have power to decide the matter. If either party refuses or neglects to appear, the referees may proceed ex parte. After hearing any case such referees may deliver their award, sealed, to the consul, who, in court, shall open the same; and if he accepts it, he shall indorse the fact, and judgment shall be rendered thereon, and execution issue in compliance with the terms thereof. The parties, however, may always settle the same before return thereof is made to the consul. (R. S. § 4098.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 19, 12 Stat. 76.

§ 162. Aid of local authorities invoked.

The ministers and consuls shall be fully authorized to call upon the local authorities to sustain and support them in the execution of the powers confided to them by treaty, and on their part to do and perform whatever is necessary to carry the provisions of the treaties into full effect, so far as they are to be executed in the countries, respectively. (R. S. § 4100.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 20, 12 Stat. 76.

§ 163. Where jurisdiction of minister exercised. The jurisdiction allowed by treaty to the ministers, respectively, in the countries named in section 141 of this title shall be exercised by them in those countries, respectively, wherever they may be. (R. S. § 4108.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 27, 12 Stat. 78.

§ 164. Jurisdiction of minister; when appellate and when original.

The jurisdiction of such ministers in all matters of civil redress, or of crimes, except in capital cases for murder or insurrection against the governments of such countries, respectively, or for offenses against the public peace amounting to felony under the laws of the United States, shall be appellate only: Provided, That in cases where a consular officer is interested, either as party or witness, such minister shall have original jurisdiction. (R. S. § 4109.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 27, 12 Stat. 78.

§ 165. Appellate jurisdiction of minister; new trials. Each of the ministers mentioned in section 141 of this title shall, in the country to which he is appointed, be fully authorized to hear and decide all cases, criminal and civil, which may come before him, by appeal, under the provisions of sections 141-143, 145-159, 163–174, 176-181, 183, 211, 212, 218, 219, 251-258, and 1172 of this title, sections 701-704 of Title 28, and sections 21-24 of Title 50, and to issue all processes necessary to execute the power conferred upon him; and he is fully empowered to decide finally any case upon the evidence which comes up with it, or to hear the parties further, if he thinks justice will be promoted thereby; and he may also prescribe the rules upon which new trials may be granted, either by the consuls or by himself, if asked for upon sufficient grounds. (R. S. § 4091.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 13, 12 Stat. 75.

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Sections 701-704 of Title 28, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 1782 and 1785 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Section 211 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act July 3, 1926, ch. 772, § 4, 44 Stat. 887, and is now covered by section 211a of this title.

Section 219 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and is now covered by section 1541 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

Sections 251 and 255 of this title, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 112 and 1545 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

§ 166. Jurisdiction of minister to try capital and felony

cases.

Capital cases for murder or insurrection against the government of either of the countries mentioned in section 141 of this title, by citizens of the United States, or for offenses against the public peace amounting to felony under the laws of the United States, may be tried before the minister of the United States in the country where the offense is committed if allowed jurisdiction. (R. S. § 4090.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 24, 12 Stat. 77.

§ 167. Prevention of American citizens from enlisting with foreign countries.

Each such minister mentioned in section 166 of this title may issue all manner of writs, to prevent the citizens of the United States from enlisting in the military or naval service of either of the countries mentioned in section 141 of this title, to make war upon any foreign power with whom the United States are at peace, or in the service of one portion of the people against any other portion of the same people; and he may carry out this power by a resort to such force belonging to the United States as may at the time be within his reach. (R. S. § 4090.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 24, 12 Stat. 77.

§ 168. Marshals of consular courts; appointment and salary.

The President is authorized to appoint marshals for such of the consular courts as he may think proper, not to exceed two in number, namely: One in Siam and one in Turkey, each of whom shall receive a salary of $1,000 a year, in addition to the fees allowed by the regulations of the ministers, respectively, in those countries: Provided, That no salary shall be allowed the marshal at the consulate in Siam. (R. S. §§ 1693, 4111; June 30, 1906, ch. 3934, § 8, 34 Stat. 816.)

DERIVATION

R. S. 1693 was from act Mar. 3, 1869, ch. 125, § 7, 15 Stat. 322. R. S. § 4111 was from act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 25, 12 Stat. 77.

AMENDMENTS 1906-Act June 30, 1906, abolished the office of marshal in China. CHANGE OF NAME OF COUNTRY

Siam is now known as Thailand.

§ 169. Execution and return of process by marshal. It shall be the duty of the marshals, respectively, to execute all process issued by the minister of the United States in those countries, respectively, or by the consul at the port at which they reside, and to make due return thereof to the officer by whom it was issued, and to conform in all respects to the regulations prescribed by the ministers, respectively, in regard to their duties. (R. S. § 4112.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 25, 12 Stat. 77.

§ 170. Bond of marshal.

Each marshal, before entering upon the duties of his office, shall give bond for the faithful performance thereof in a penal sum not to exceed $10,000, with two sureties to be approved by the Secretary of State. Such bond shall be transmitted to the Secretary of the Treasury, and a certified copy thereof be lodged in the office of the minister. (R. S. § 4113.) DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 25, 12 Stat. 77.

§ 171. Suit on bond of marshal.

Whenever any person desires to bring suit upon the bond of any such marshal, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury, or of the minister

having custody of a copy of the same, to give to the person so applying a certified copy thereof, upon which suit may be brought and prosecuted with the same effect as could be done upon the original: Provided, The Secretary of the Treasury, or the minister to whom the application is made, is satisfied that there is probable cause of action against the marshal. (R. S. § 4114.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 25, 12 Stat. 77.

§ 172. Necessity for production of original bond.

Upon a plea of non est factum, verified upon oath, or any other good cause shown, the court or the consul or minister trying the cause may require the original bond of the marshal to be produced; and it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to forward the original bond to the court, or consul, or minister requiring the same. (R. S. § 4115.) DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 25, 12 Stat. 77.

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 25, 12 Stat. 77. § 174. Expenses of prisons in foreign countries.

The President, when provision is not otherwise made, is authorized to allow, in the adjustment of the accounts of each of the ministers or consuls, the actual expenses of the rent of suitable buildings or parts of buildings to be used as prisons for American convicts in the countries mentioned in section 141 of this title, not to exceed in any case the rate of $600 a year; and also the wages of the keepers of the same, and for the care of offenders, not to exceed, in any case, the sum of $800 per annum.

But no more

than four prisons shall be hired in China, one in Turkey, and one in Siam, at such port or ports as the minister, with the sanction of the President, may designate, and the entire expense of prison and prison keepers at the consulate at Bangkok, in Siam, shall not exceed the sum of $1,000 a year. (R. S. §§ 4121, 4122; June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992.)

DERIVATION

R. S. § 4121 was from act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 26, 12 Stat. 77; act Mar. 3, 1869, ch. 125, § 7, 15 Stat. 322. R. S. § 4122 was from act July 1, 1870, ch. 194, § 9, 16 Stat. 184.

AMENDMENTS

1948-Act June 25, 1948, amended section by repealing the last paragraph relating to prison expenses in China. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1948 AMENDMENT

Section 38 of act June 25, 1948, provided that the amendment of this section should be effective as of Sept. 1, 1948.

CHANGE OF NAME OF COUNTRY Siam is now known as Thailand.

§ 175. Allowance for keeping and feeding prisoners. CODIFICATION

Section, act Mar. 2, 1901, ch. 802, 31 Stat. 893, which was an appropriation act, was repeated in subsequent appropriation acts, down to and including act Mar. 3. 1917, ch. 161, 39 Stat. 1058, and has not been carried thereafter. A somewhat similar provision appeared in act Feb. 27, 1925, 43 Stat. 1025.

§ 176. Secretary of State to exercise judicial duties when no minister.

If at any time there be no minister in either of the countries mentioned in section 141 of this title, the judicial duties which are imposed by sections 141-143, 145-159, 163-174, 176—181, 183, 211, 212, 218, 219, 251-258, and 1172 of this title, sections 701-704 of Title 28, and sections 21-24 of Title 50 upon the minister shall devolve upon the Secretary of State, who is authorized and required to discharge the same. (R. S. § 4128.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 22, 12 Stat. 76; act July 1, 1870, ch. 194, § 2, 16 Stat. 183.

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Sections 701-704 of Title 28, referred to in the text. were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 1782 and 1785 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Section 211 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act July 3, 1926, ch. 772, § 4, 44 Stat. 887, and is now covered by section 211a of this title.

Section 219 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and is now covered by section 1541 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

Sections 251 and 255 of this title, referred to in the text. were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 112 and 1545 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. REPRESENTATION OF GERMAN NATIONALS IN UNITED STATES; TERMINATION; APPROPRIATIONS

Act June 28, 1948, ch. 690, 62 Stat. 1065, provided:

"That, until such time as the President shall determine and proclaim that a German Government capable of representing its own nationals in the United States and its Territories and possessions has been established, and under such regulations as the Secretary of State may prescribe, the Department of State is authorized to perform consular functions for German nationals within the United States and its Territories and possessions, and to collect fees and make charges for services rendered: Provided, That any money so received shall be deposited and covered into the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts. "SEC. 2. There are hereby authorized to be appropri ated to the Department of State, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purpose of this Act."

§ 177. General extension to unnamed countries.

The provisions of sections 141-143, 145-159, 163-174, 176-181, 183, 211, 212, 218, 219, 251-258. and 1172 of this title, sections 701-704 of Title 28, and sections 21-24 of Title 50 relating to the jurisdiction of consular and diplomatic officers over civil and criminal cases in the countries mentioned in section 141 of this title shall extend to any country of like character with which the United States may after July 1, 1870, enter into treaty relations. And

whenever the United States shall negotiate a treaty with any foreign government, in which the American consul general or consul shall be clothed with judicial authority, and securing the right of trial to American citizens residing therein before such consul general or consul, and containing provisions similar to or like those contained in the treaties with the governments named in section 141 of this title, then said sections, so far as the same may be applicable, shall have full force in reference to said treaty, and shall extend to the country of the government negotiating the same. (R. S. §§ 4127, 4129; June 14, 1878, ch. 193, 20 Stat. 131.)

DERIVATION

R. S. § 4127 was from act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 29, 12 Stat. 78.

R. S. § 4129 was from act July 1, 1870, ch. 194, § 1, 16 Stat. 183.

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Sections 701-704 of Title 28, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 1782 and 1785 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Section 211 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act July 3, 1926, ch. 772, § 4, 44 Stat. 887, and is now covered by section 211a of this title.

Section 219 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and is now covered by section 1541 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

Sections 251 and 255 of this title, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 112 and 1545 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

§ 178. "Minister" and "consul" defined.

The word "minister", when used in sections 141143, 145-159, 163-174, 176-181, 183, 211, 212, 218, 219, 251-258, and 1172 of this title, sections 701-704 of Title 28, and sections 21-24 of Title 50 shall be understood to mean the person invested with, and exercising, the principal diplomatic functions. The word "consul" shall be understood to mean any person invested by the United States with, and exercising, the functions of consul general, consul, or vice consul. (R. S. § 4130; Feb. 1, 1876, ch. 6, 19 Stat. 2; Feb. 5, 1915, ch. 23, § 6, 38 Stat. 806.)

DERIVATION

Acts June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 22, 12 Stat. 76; July 1, 1870, ch. 194, § 2, 16 Stat. 183.

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Sections 701-704 of Title 28, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 1782 and 1785 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure. Section 211 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act July 3, 1926, ch. 772, § 4, 44 Stat. 887, and is now covered by section 211a of this title.

Section 219 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and is now covered by section 1541 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

Sections 251 and 255 of this title, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 112 and 1545 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

AMENDMENTS

1915 Act Feb. 5, 1915, abolished the office of vice consul general.

§ 179. Responsibility as judicial officers.

All such officers shall be responsible for their conduct to the United States, and to the laws thereof, not only as diplomatic or consular officers, but as judicial officers, when they perform judicial duties, and shall be held liable for all negligences and misconduct as public officers. (R. S. § 4110.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 23, 12 Stat. 76.

§ 180. Power of consuls in uncivilized countries or countries not recognized by treaties.

The consuls of the United States at islands or in countries not inhabited by any civilized people, or recognized by any treaty with the United States, are authorized to try, hear, and determine all cases in regard to civil rights, whether of person or property, where the real debt or damages do not exceed the sum of $1,000, exclusive of costs, and upon full hearing of the allegations and evidence of both parties, to give judgment according to the laws of the United States, and according to the equity and right of the matter, in the same manner as justices of the peace were, prior to June 22, 1860, authorized and empowered where the United States have exclusive jurisdiction. They are also invested with the powers conferred by the provisions of sections 145 and 149 of this title for trial of offenses or misdemeanors. (R. S. § 4088; Apr. 5, 1906, ch. 1366, § 3, 34 Stat. 100.) DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 30, 12 Stat. 78.

§ 181. Applicability of other laws to Turkey.

The provisions of sections 141-143, 145-159, 163-174, 176-181, 183, 211, 212, 218, 219, 251-258, and 1172 of this title, sections 701-704 of Title 28, and sections 21-24 of Title 50, so far as the same relate to crimes and offenses committed by citizens of the United States, shall extend to Turkey, under the treaty with the Sublime Porte of May 7, 1830, and shall be executed in the Ottoman dominions in conformity with the provisions of the treaty, and of said sections, by the ambassador and the consuls appointed to reside therein, who are ex-officio vested with the powers in said sections conferred upon ministers and consuls in China, for the purposes above expressed, so far as regards the punishment of crime, and also for the exercise of jurisdiction in civil cases wherein the same is permitted by the laws of Turkey, or its usages in its intercourse with the Franks, or other foreign Christian nations. (R. S. § 4125.)

DERIVATION

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 21, 12 Stat. 76.

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Sections 701-704 of Title 28, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 1782 and 1785 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Section 211 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act July 3, 1926, ch. 772, § 4, 44 Stat. 887, and is now covered by section 211a of this title.

Section 219 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and is now covered by section 1541 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

Sections 251 and 255 of this title, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 112 and 1545 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

§ 182. Suspension by President of consular courts in Turkey and in Egypt.

Whenever the President of the United States shall receive satisfactory information that the Ottoman Government, or that of Egypt, has organized other tribunals on a basis likely to secure to citizens of the United States, in their dominions, the same impartial justice which they now enjoy there under the judicial functions exercised by the minister, consuls, and other functionaries of the United States, pursuant to sections 141-143, 145-159, 163-174, 176-181, 183, 211, 212, 218, 219, 251-258, and 1172 of this title, sections 701-704 of Title 28, and sections 21-24 of Title 50, he is authorized to suspend the operations of said sections as to the dominions in which such tribunals may be organized, so far as the jurisdiction of said tribunals may embrace matters now cognizable by the minister, consuls, or other functionaries of the United States in said dominions, and to notify the Government of the Sublime Porte, or that of Egypt, or either of them, that the United States, during such suspension will, as aforesaid, accept for their citizens the jurisdiction of the tribunals aforesaid over citizens of the United States which has heretofore been exercised by the minister, consuls, or other functionaries of the United States. (Mar. 23, 1874, ch. 62, § 1, 18 Stat. 23.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

Sections 701-704 of Title 28, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 1782 and 1785 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Section 211 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act July 3, 1926, ch. 772, § 4, 44 Stat. 887, and is now covered by section 211a of this title.

Section 219 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and is now covered by section 1541 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

Sections 251 and 255 of this title, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 112 and 1545 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

CHANGE OF NAME

The Ottoman Government and the Government of the Sublime Porte are now known as Turkey.

§ 183. Extension of other laws to Persia; suits between American citizens and subjects of Persia and other countries.

The provisions of sections 141-143, 145-159, 163-174, 176-181, 183, 211, 212, 218, 219, 251-258, and 1172 of this title, sections 701-704 of Title 28, and sections 21-24 of Title 50 shall extend to Persia, in respect to all suits and disputes which may arise between citizens of the United States therein; and the minister and consuls who may be appointed to reside in Persia are invested, in relation to such suits and disputes, with such powers as are by said sections conferred upon ministers and consuls in China. All suits and disputes arising in Persia between Per

sian subjects and citizens of the United States shall be carried before the Persian tribunal to which such matters are usually referred, at the place where a consul or agent of the United States may reside, and shall be discussed and decided according to equity, in the presence of an employee of the consul or agent of the United States; and it shall be the duty of the consular officer to attend the trial in person, and see that justice is administered. All suits and disputes occurring in Persia between the citizens of the United States and the subjects of other foreign powers, shall be tried and adjudicated by the intermediation of their respective ministers or consuls, in accordance with such regulations shall be mutually agreed upon by the minister of the United States for the time being, and the ministers of such foreign powers, respectively, which regulations shall from time to time be submitted to the Secretary of State. (R. S. § 4126.)

DERIVATION

as

Act June 22, 1860, ch. 179, § 28, 12 Stat. 78.
REFERENCES IN TEXT

Sections 701-704 of Title 28, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 1782 and 1785 of Title 23, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

Section 211 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act July 3, 1926, ch. 772, § 4, 44 Stat. 887, and is now covered by section 211a of this title.

Section 219 of this title, referred to in the text, was repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and is now covered by section 1541 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

Sections 251 and 255 of this title, referred to in the text, were repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21, 62 Stat. 862, eff. Sept. 1, 1948, and are now covered by sections 112 and 1545 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

CHANGE OF NAME OF COUNTRY Persia is now known as Iran.

Chapter 3.-UNITED STATES COURT FOR CHINA §§ 191-200. Repealed. June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39, 62 Stat. 992, eff. Sept. 1, 1948.

Section 191, acts June 30, 1996, ch. 3934, § 1, 34 Stat. 814; June 24, 1936, ch. 757, 49 Stat. 1909, related to establishment of court, and is not now covered.

Section 192, act June 30, 1906, ch. 3934, § 2, 34 Stat. 814, related to jurisdiction of consular courts, and is not now covered.

Section 193, act June 30, 1906, ch. 3934, § 2, 34 Stat. 814, related to administration of estates of decedents, and is not now covered.

Section 194, acts June 30, 1906, ch. 3934, § 3, 34 Stat. 815; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 291, 36 Stat. 1167; Jan. 31, 1928, ch. 14, § 1, 45 Stat. 54, related to appeals and writs of error, and is not now covered.

Section 195, act June 30, 1906, ch. 3934, § 4, 34 Stat. 815, related to law applicable to determination of cases, and is not now covered.

Section 196, act June 30, 1906, ch. 3934, § 5, 34 Stat. 816, related to procedure generally, and is not now covered.

Section 197, acts June 30, 1906, ch. 3934, § 6, 34 Stat. 816; May 29, 1928, ch. 904, §§ 1, 2, 45 Stat. 997, related to officers of the court, and is not now covered.

Section 197a, act May 29, 1928, ch. 904, §§ 1, 2, 45 Stat. 997, related to salaries of judge, and is not now covered. Section 197b, act June 30, 1906, ch. 3934, § 11, as added Aug. 7, 1935, ch. 452, § 1, 49 Stat. 539, related to appointment and compensation of special judge, and is not now covered.