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ment. (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 289, 35 Stat. 1145; June 15, 1933, ch. 85, 48 Stat. 152; June 20, 1935, ch. 284, 49 Stat. 394; June 6, 1940, ch. 241, 54 Stat. 234.)

DERIVATION

R. S. § 5391, which was revised from acts Apr. 5, 1866, ch. 24, 14 Stat. 13; Mar. 3, 1825, ch. 65, 4 Stat. 115; and act July 7, 1898, ch. 576, § 2, 30 Stat. 717, which were repealed by act Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 341, 35 Stat. 1153.

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE GENERAL PROVISIONS

§ 576a. Same; appeals; rules of procedure and practice.-In all cases of conviction by United States commissioners an appeal shall lie from the judgment of the commissioner to the district court of the United States for the district in which the offense was committed. The Supreme Court shall prescribe rules of procedure and practice for the trial of cases before commissioners and for taking and hearing of appeals to the said district courts of the United States. (Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 785, § 2, 54 Stat. 1059.) § 576b. Same; fees of commissioners.-United States commissioners specially designated under authority of section 576 of this title shall receive for services rendered under sections 576576d of this title the same fees, and none other, as provided for like or similar services in other cases under section 597 of Title 28. (Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 785, § 3, 54 Stat. 1059.)

§ 576c. Same; existing powers of commissioners unaffected.Sections 576-576d of this title shall not be construed as in any way repealing or limiting the existing jurisdiction, power, or authority of United States commissioners, including United States commissioners appointed for the several national parks and the United States commissioners in Alaska. (Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 785, § 4, 54 Stat. 1059.)

§ 576d. Same; inapplicability of sections 576-576c to District of Columbia. The provisions of sections 576-576d of this title shall not apply to the District of Columbia. (Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 785, 5, 54 Stat. 1059.)

LIMITATIONS

§ 582. Offenses not capital. No person shall be prosecuted, tried, or punished for any offense, not capital, except as provided in section 584 of this title, unless the indictment is found, or the information is instituted, within three years next after such offense shall have been committed. (R. S. § 1044; Apr. 13, 1876, ch. 56, 19 Stat. 32; Nov. 17, 1921, ch. 124, § 1, 42 Stat. 220; Dec. 27, 1927, ch. 6, 45 Stat. 51.)

CODIFICATION

This section constitutes the first clause of R. S. § 1044 as amended by act December 27, 1927, cited to text. The remainder of R. S. § 1044, as amended, constituted a proviso that nothing therein contained "shall apply to any offense for which an indictment has been heretofore found or an information instituted, or to any proceedings under any such indictment or information."

DERIVATION

Act Apr. 30, 1790, ch. 9, § 32, 1 Stat. 119.

650673°-46-56

§ 590a. Suspension of limitations on offenses involving the defrauding of the United States.-The running of any existing statute of limitations applicable to any offense against the laws of the United States (1) involving defrauding or attempts to defraud the United States or any agency thereof whether by conspiracy or not, and in any manner, or (2) committed in connection with the negotiation, procurement, award, performance, payment for, interim financing, cancelation or other termination or settlement, of any contract, subcontract, or purchase order which is connected with or related to the prosecution of the present war, or with any disposition of termination inventory by any war contractor or Government agency, or (3) committed in connection with the care and handling and disposal of property under sections 1611-1646 of Appendix to Title 50, shall be suspended until three years after the termination of hostilities in the present war as proclaimed by the President or by a concurrent resolution of the two Houses of Congress. This section shall apply to acts, offenses, or transactions where the existing statute of limitations has not yet fully run, but it shall not apply to acts, offenses, or transactions which are already barred by provisions of existing law. (Aug. 24, 1942, ch. 555, § 1, 56 Stat. 747, as amended July 1, 1944, ch. 358, § 19 (b), 58 Stat. 667; Oct. 3, 1944, ch. 479, § 28, 58 Stat. 781.)

EFFECTIVE DATE

Section 24 (a) of act July 1, 1944, cited to text, provided in part that said Act should become effective twenty days after the date of its enactment. Section 2 of act Aug. 24, 1942, cited to text, provided that this section should be in force and effect from and after date of its passage, which was Aug. 24, 1942.

UNITED STATES PRISONS IN GENERAL

§ 744b. Employment of convicts; employment on public works; camps for confinement of convicts; expenses, how met.-The Attorney General may make available the services of United States prisoners to the heads of the several departments under such terms, conditions, and at such rates as may be mutually agreed upon, for the purpose of constructing or repairing roads the cost of which is borne exclusively by the United States; clearing, maintaining, and reforesting public lands; building levees; and for construction or repairing any other public ways or works which are or may be financed wholly or in major part by funds appropriated from the Treasury of the Unted States. To carry out the purpose of this section the Attorney General may establish, equip, and maintain camps upon sites selected by him and designate such camps as a place for confinement of persons convicted of an offense against the laws of the United States, or transfer thereto any person convicted of any offense against the laws of the United States. The expenses of transferring and maintaining prisoners at such camps shall be paid from the appropropriation "Support of United States prisoners", and said appropriation may, in the discretion of the Attorney General, be reimbursed for such expenses. (May 27, 1930, ch. 340, § 2, 46 Stat. 391.)

§ 744c. Same; establishment of industries; disposition of articles produced; forms of employment; locality of industries.-The Attorney General shall establish such industries as will produce articles and commodities for consumption in United States penal and correctional institutions or for sale to the departments and independent establishments of the Federal Government and not for sale to the public in competition with private enterprise: Provided, That any industry established under authority of this section be so operated as not to curtail the production within its present limits, of any existing arsenal, navy yard, or other Government workshop. In establishing said industries the Attorney General shall provide such forms of employement in the Federal penal and correctional institutions as will give the inmates a maximum opportunity to acquire a knowledge and skill in trades and occupations which will provide them with a means of earning a livelihood upon release. The industries to be established by the Attorney General under authority of this section may be either within the precincts of any penal or correctional institution or in any convenient locality where an existing property may be obtained by lease, purchase, or otherwise. (May 27, 1930, ch. 340, § 3, 46 Stat. 391.)

CROSS REFERENCE

Diversification of prison industrial operations so that no single private industry shall be forced to bear an undue burden of resulting competition. see section 744k of this title.

§ 744g. Same; purchase of prison-made products by Federal departments; terms of purchase. The several Federal departments and independent establishments and all other Government institutions of the United States shall purchase at not to exceed current market prices, such products of the industries herein authorized to be carried on as meet their requirements and as may be available and are authorized by the appropriations from which such purchases are made. Any disputes as to the price, quality, suitability or character of the products manufactured in any prison industry and offered to any Government department shall be arbitrated by a board consisting of the Comptroller General of the United States, the Superintendent of Supplies of the General Supply Committee, and the Chief of the United States Bureau of Efficiency, or their representatives. The decision of said board shall be final and binding upon all parties. (May 27, 1930, ch. 340, § 7, 46 Stat. 392.)

BUREAU AND COMMITTEE ABOLISHED

Bureau of Efficiency was abolished by act Mar. 3, 1933, ch. 212, § 17, 47 Stat. 1519.

PRISON CAMPS

§ 851. Establishment of camps; transfer of prisoners.-The Attorney General is hereby authorized to establish, equip, maintain, and operate prison camps upon sites selected by the Attorney General, the Secretary of Agriculture, and the Secretary of the Interior. Upon written order of the Attorney General persons convicted under the laws of the United States may be transferred to such prison camps for employment upon road or trail building, the cost of which is borne exclusively by

the United States: Provided, That sections 851-855 of this title shall not authorize any such camp for employment upon any Indian reservation. (Feb. 26, 1929, ch. 336, § 1, 45 Stat. 1318.)

§ 854. Expense of operating camps; appropriation for payment. -The expense incident to the establishment, equipment maintenance, and operation of prison camps shall be payable from the appropriation for support of United States prisoners, and such appropriation shall be reimbursed to the extent agreed upon by the Attorney General and the head of the department to which the appropriation for road building or such other public improvement incident to which the prison camp was established was made. (Feb. 26, 1929, ch. 336, § 5, 45 Stat. 1318.)

ADDITIONAL INSTITUTIONS FOR CONFINEMENT OF
MALE PERSONS

§ 906. Employment of inmates; establishment of industries; disposition of manufactured products; working-capital fund. The inmates of institutions established under section 901 of this title shall be employed in such manner and under such conditions as the Attorney General may direct. The Attorney General may, in his discretion, establish industries, plants, factories, or shops for the manufacture of articles, commodities, and supplies for the United States Government; and the several Federal departments and all other Government institutions of the United States shall purchase at not to exceed current market prices such products of the industries herein authorized to be carried on as meet their requirements and as may be available and are authorized by the appropriations from which such purchases are made. Any disputes as to the price, quality, suitability, or character of the products manufactured in any prison industry and offered to any Government department shall be arbitrated by a board consisting of the Comptroller General of the United States, the Superintendent of Supplies of the General Supply Committee, and the Chief of the United States Bureau of Efficiency, or their representatives. The decision of said board shall be final and binding upon all parties. There may be established a working-capital fund for said industries out of any funds appropriated for said institutions; and said working-capital fund shall be available for the purchase, repair, or replace ment of industrial machinery or equipment, for the purchase of raw materials and supplies, for personal services of civilian employees engaged in any industrial enterprise, and for the payment to the inmates or their dependents of such pecuniary earnings as the Attorney General shall deem proper. (May 27, 1930, ch. 339, § 6, 46 Stat. 389.)

TITLE 19-CUSTOMS DUTIES

TARIFF ACT OF 1930

§ 1201. Free list.-Except as otherwise specially provided for in this chapter, the articles mentioned in the following paragraphs, when imported into the United States or into any of its possessions (except the Philippine Islands, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Wake Island, Midway Islands, Kingman Reef, and the island of Guam), shall be exempt from duty:

Par. 1606. (a) Any animal imported by a citizen of the United States specially for breeding purposes, shall be admitted free, whether intended to be used by the importer himself or for sale for such purposes, except black or silver foxes: Provided, That no such animal shall be admitted free unless pure bred of a recognized breed and duly registered in a book of record recognized by the Secretary of Agriculture for that breed: Provided further, That the certificate of such record and pedigree of such animal shall be produced and submitted to the Department of Agriculture, duly authenticated by the proper custodian of such book of record, together with an affidavit of the owner, agent, or importer that the animal imported is the identical animal described in said certificate of record and pedigree. The Secretary of Agriculture may prescribe such regulations as may be required for determining the purity of breeding and the identity of such animal; And provided further, That the collectors of customs shall require a certificate from the Department of Agriculture stating that such animal is pure bred of a recognized breed and duly registered in a book of record recognized by the Secretary of Agriculture for that breed.

Par. 1671. Eggs of birds, fish, and insects (except fish roe for food purposes): Provided, That the importation of eggs of wild birds is prohibited, except eggs of game birds imported for propagating purposes under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Agriculture, and specimens imported for scientific collections.

Par. 1682. Live game animals and birds, imported for stocking purposes, and game animals and birds killed in foreign countries by residents of the United States and imported by them for noncommercial purposes; under such regulations as the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe.

Par. 1742. Plants, trees, shrubs, roots, seed cane, seeds, and other material for planting, imported by the Department of Agriculture or the United States Botanic Garden.

(June 17, 1930, ch. 497, title II, § 201, 46 Stat. 672-685; Mar. 4, 1933, ch. 280, 47 Stat. 1570; June 12, 1934, ch. 474, § 2 (a), 48 Stat. 944; June 25, 1938, 5 p. m. E. S. T., ch. 679, §§ 2, 35, 36, 52 Stat. 1077,1092, 1093.)

§ 1306. Cattle, sheep, swine, and meats-Importation prohibited in certain cases (a) Rinderpest and foot-and-mouth disease. If the Secretary of Agriculture determines that rinderpest or foot-and-mouth disease exists in any foreign country, he shall officially notify the Secretary of the Treasury and give public notice thereof, and thereafter, and until the Secretary of Agriculture gives notice in a similar manner that such disease

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