(June 30, 1939, ch. 253, title I, 53 Stat. 955; June 25, 1940, ch. 421, § 1, 54 Stat. 546.) § 579. Purchase of improvements in lieu of construction.— Where, in the opinion of the Secretary, direct purchases will be more economical than construction, improvements may be pur chased. (June 25, 1940, ch. 421, § 1, 54 Stat. 546; July 1, 1941, ch. 267, 1, 55 Stat. 422; July 22, 1942, ch. 516, § 1, 56 Stat. 680; July 12, 1943, ch. 215, § 1, 57 Stat. 412; June 28, 1944, ch. 296, § 1, 58 Stat. 444.) § 579a. Operation of aerial fire control.-The Forest Service may provide for the maintenance and operation of aerial fire control by contract or otherwise, with authority to renew any contract for such purpose annually, not more than twice, without additional advertising. (Sept. 21, 1944, ch. 412, title II, § 205, 58 Stat. 736.) CODIFICATION This section was enacted as a part of the Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944. § 580. Use of Forest Service appropriations for repair, etc. of equipment; rental of fire control equipment to non-Federal agencies. Appropriations for the work of the Forest Service available for the operation, repair, maintenance, and replacement of motor and other equipment may be reimbursed for use of such equipment on projects of the Forest Service chargeable to other appropriations, or on work of other Federal agencies, when requested by such agencies, reimbursed to be made from appropriations applicable to the work on which used at rental rates fixed by the Chief Forester based on the actual or estimated cost of operation, repair, maintenance, depreciation, and equipment management control, and credited to appropriations currently available at the time adjustment is effected. The Forest Service may also rent equipment for fire-control purposes to State, county, private, or other non-Federal agencies cooperating with the Forest Service in fire control under the terms of written cooperative agreements, the amount collected for such rental to be credited to appropriations currently available at the time payment is received. (Sept. 21, 1944, ch. 412, title II, § 204, 58 Stat. 736.) CODIFICATION This section was enacted as a part of the Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944. § 580a. Sale and distribution of supplies, equipment and materials to other Government activities and to cooperating State and private agencies; reimbursement. The Forest Service may sell and distribute supplies, equipment, and materials to other Government activities and to State and private agencies who cooperate with the Forest Service in fire control under terms of written cooperative agreements, the cost of such supplies, equipment, and materials, including the cost of supervision, transportation, warehousing, and handling, to be reimbursed to appropriations current at the time additional supplies, equipment, and materials are procured for warehouse stocks. (Sept. 21, 1944, ch. 412, title II, § 203, 58 Stat. 736.) CODIFICATION This section was enacted as a part of the Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944. INVESTIGATIONS, EXPERIMENTS, AND TESTS AFFECTING § 581. Authorization of investigations, experiments, and tests; cooperation with State and other agencies; appropriations and contributions; buildings; existing laws as affected by sections 581a581i. The Secretary of Agriculture is hereby authorized and directed to conduct such investigations, experiments, and tests as he may deem necessary under sections 581a-581i of this title, in order to determine, demonstrate, and promulgate the best methods of reforestation and of growing, managing, and utilizing timber, forage, and other forest products, of maintaining favorable conditions of water flow and the prevention of erosion, of protecting timber and other forest growth from fire, insects, disease, or other harmful agencies, of obtaining the fullest and most effective use of forest lands, and to determine and promulgate the economic considerations which should underlie the establishment of sound policies for the management of forest land and the utilization of forest products: Provided, That in carrying out the provisions of sections 581-581i of this title the Secretary of Agriculture may cooperate with individuals and public and private agencies, organizations, and institutions, and, in connection with the collection, investigation, and tests of foreign woods, he may also cooperate with individuals and public and private agencies, organizations, and institutions in other countries; and receive money contributions from cooperators under such conditions as he may impose, such contributions to be covered into the Treasury as a special fund which is hereby appropriated and made available until expended as the Secretary of Agriculture may direct, for use in conducting the activities authorized by sections 581-581i of this title, and in making refunds to contributors: Provided further, That the cost of any building purchased, erected, or as improved in carrying out the purposes of sections 581-5811 of this title shall not exceed $2,500, exclusive in each instance of the cost of constructing a water supply or sanitary system and of connecting the same with any such building: Provided further, That the amounts specified in sections 581a-581g, and 581i of this title are authorized to be appropriated up to and including the fiscal year 1938, and such annual appropriations as may thereafter be necessary to carry out the provisions of said sections are hereby authorized: Provided further, That during any fiscal year the amounts specified in sections 581b-581d of this title making provision for investigations of forest tree and wood diseases, forest insects, and forest wild life, respectively, may be exceeded to provide adequate funds for special research required to meet any serious public emergency relating to epidemics: And provided further, That the provisions of sections 581-581i of this title shall be construed as supplementing all other Acts relating to the Department of Agriculture, and except as specifically pro vided shall not limit or repeal any existing legislation or authority. (May 22, 1928, ch. 678, § 1, 45 Stat. 699.) TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS Functions of Secretary of Agriculture relating to conservation of wildlife, game, and migratory birds were transferred to Secretary of Interior by Reorg. Plan No. II, § 4 (f), eff. July 1, 1939, 4 Fed. Reg. 2731, 53 Stat. 1433, set out in note under section 133t of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees. CROSS REFERENCE Classification as trust fund, appropriation and disbursement of fund appearing on books of Government as "Cooperative work, Forest Service," see section 725s of Title 31, Money and Finance. § 581a. Forest experiment stations; establishment; appropriation. For conducting fire, silvicultural, and other forest investigations and experiments the Secretary of Agriculture is hereby authorized, in his discretion, to maintain the following forest experiment stations for the regions indicated, and in addition to establish and maintain one such station for the Intermountain region in Utah and adjoining States, one in Alaska, and one in the tropical possessions of the United States in the West Indies: Northeastern forest experiment station, in New England, New York, and adjacent States; Allegheny forest experiment station, in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, and in neighboring States; Appalachian forest experiment station, in the southern Appalachian Mountains and adjacent forest regions; Southern forest experiment station, in the Southern States; Central States forest experiment station, in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Kentucky, Missouri, Iowa, and in adjacent States; Lake States forest experiment station, in the Lake States and adjoining States; California forest experiment station, in California and in adjoining States; Northern Rocky Mountain forest experiment station, in Idaho, Montana, and adjoining States; Northwestern forest experiment station, in Washington, Oregon, and adjoining States, and in Alaska; Rocky Mountain forest experiment station, in Colorado, Wyoming, Nebraska, South Dakota, and in adjacent States; and Southwestern forest experiment station, in Arizona, and New Mexico, and in adjacent States, and in addition to establish and maintain one such station for the Intermountain region of Utah and adjoining States, one for Alaska, one in Hawaii, and one in the tropical possessions of the United States in the West Indies, and one additional station in the Southern States. There is hereby authorized to be appropriated annually out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, not more than $1,000,000 to carry out the provisions of this section. The Secretary of Agriculture is further authorized to establish and maintain a forest experiment station in the Great Plains and prairie States, to be known as the "Great Plains Forest Experiment Station", and to acquire by purchase, condemnation, donation, or otherwise such real property or interest therein as in his judgment is required for the use of said station, including the making of necessary expenditures in examining, appraising, and surveying any such property and in doing all things incident to perfecting title thereto in the United States. There is authorized to be appropriated annually such additional sums as may be required for the purposes of this paragraph. (May 22, 1928, ch. 678, § 2, 45 Stat. 700; June 15, 1936, ch. 553, 49 Stat. 1515.) § 581b. Diseases of forest trees and products; appropriation for investigations.-For investigations of the diseases of forest trees and of diseases causing decay and deterioration of wood and other forest products, and for developing methods for their prevention and control at forest experiment stations, the Forest Products Laboratory, or elsewhere, there is hereby authorized to be appropriated annually, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, not more than $250,000. (May 22, 1928, ch. 678, § 3, 45 Stat. 701.) § 581c. Forest insects; appropriation for investigations.-For investigations of forests insects, including gypsy and browntail moths, injurious or beneficial to forest trees or to wood or other forest products, and for developing methods for preventing and controlling infestations, at forest experiment stations, the Forest Products Laboratory, or elsewhere, there is hereby authorized to be appropriated annually, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, not more than $350,000. (May 22, 1928, ch. 678, § 4, 45 Stat. 701.) § 581d. Life histories and habits of forest animals, birds, and wildlife; appropriation for experiments and investigations.-For such experiments and investigations as may be necessary in determining the life histories and habits of forest animals, birds, and wildlife, whether injurious to forest growth or of value as supplemental resource, and in developing the best and most effective methods for their management and control at forest experiment stations, or elsewhere, there is hereby authorized to be appropriated annually, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, not more than $150,000. (May 22, 1928, ch. 678, § 5, 45 Stat. 701.) TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS Functions of Secretary of Agriculture relating to conservation of wildlife, game, and migratory birds were transferred to Secretary of Interior by Reorg. Plan No. II, § 4 (f), eff. July 1, 1939, 4 Fed. Reg. 2731, 53 Stat. 1433, set out in note under section 133t of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees. § 581e. Relationship of weather conditions to forest fires; appropriation for investigations. For such investigations at forest experiment stations, or elsewhere, of the relationship of weather conditions to forest fires as may be necessary to make weather forecasts, there is hereby authorized to be appropriated annually, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, not more than $50,000. (May 22, 1928, ch. 678, § 6, 45 Stat. 701.) § 581f. Development of improved methods of management of forest ranges; appropriation for experiments and investigations.For such experiments and investigations as may be necessary to develop improved methods of management, consistent with the growing of timber and the protection of watersheds, of forest ranges and of other ranges adjacent to the national forests, at forest or range experiment stations, or elsewhere, there is hereby authorized to be appropriated annually, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, not more than $275,000. (May 22, 1928, ch. 678, § 7, 45 Stat. 701.) § 581g. Physical and chemical properties of forest products; appropriation for experiments, investigations, and tests. For experiments, investigations, and tests with respect to the physical and chemical properties and the utilization and preservation of wood and other forest products, including tests of wood and other fibrous material for pulp and paper making, and such other experiments, investigations, and tests as may be desirable, at the Forest Products Laboratory or elsewhere, there is hereby authorized to be appropriated annually, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, not more than $1,000,000, and an additional appropriation of not more than $50,000 annually for similar experiments, investigations, and tests of foreign woods and forest products important to the industries of the United States, including necessary field work in connection therewith. (May 22, 1928, ch. 678, § 8, 45 Stat. 701.) § 581h. Present and prospective requirements for forest products; comprehensive survey; cooperation of Secretary of Agriculture with State and other agencies; appropriation.-The Secretary of Agriculture is hereby authorized and directed, under such plans as he may determine to be fair and equitable, to cooperate with appropriate officials of each State of the United States, and either through them or directly with private and other agencies, in making and keeping current a comprehensive survey of the present and prospective requirements for timber and other forest products in the United States, and of timber supplies, including a determination of the present and potential productivity of forest land therein, and of such other facts as may be necessary in the determination of ways and means to balance the timber budget of the United States. There is hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, not to exceed $750,000 annually to complete the initial survey authorized by this section: Provided, That the total appropriation of Federal funds under this section to complete the initial survey shall not exceed $6,500,000. There is additionally authorized to be appropriated not to exceed $250,000 annually to keep the survey current. (May 22, 1928, ch. 678, § 9, 45 Stat. 702; May 31, 1944, ch. 217, 58 Stat. 265.) § 581i. Economic investigations of forest lands and forest products; costs and returns; appropriation. For such investigations of costs and returns and the possibility of profitable reforestation under different conditions in the different forest regions, of the proper function of timber growing in diversified agriculture and in insuring the profitable use of marginal land, in mining, transportation, and in other industries, of the most effective distribution of forest products in the interest of both consumer and |