Taxable Years Taxable Years Taxable Years amount or source of income, prof- amount or source of income, prof-amount or source of income, profits, losses, expenditures, or any its, losses, expenditures, or any its, losses, expenditures, or any particular thereof, set forth or dis- particular thereof, set forth or dis- particular thereof, set forth or disclosed in any income return, or to closed in any income return, or to closed in any income return, or to permit any income return or copy permit any income return or copy permit any income return or copy thereof or any book containing any thereof or any book containing any thereof or any book containing any abstract or particulars thereof to abstract or particulars thereof to abstract or particulars thereof to be seen or examined by any person be seen or examined by any person be seen or examined by any person except as provided by law; and it except as provided by law; and it except as provided by law; and it shall be unlawful for any person shall be unlawful for any person shall be unlawful for any person to print, or publish in any manner to print or publish in any manner to print or publish in any manner whatever not provided by law any whatever not provided by law any whatever not provided by law any income return, or any part thereof income return, or any part thereof income return, or any part thereof or source of income, profits, losses, or source of income, profits, losses, or source of income, profits, losses, or expenditures appearing in any or expenditures appearing in any or expenditures appearing in any income return; and any offense income return; and any offense income return; and any offense against the foregoing provision against the foregoing provision against the foregoing provision shall be a misdemeanor and be pun-shall be a misdemeanor and be pun- shall be a misdemeanor and be punished by a fine not exceeding $1,000 ished by a fine not exceeding $1,000 ished by a fine not exceeding $1,000 or by imprisonment not exceeding or by imprisonment not exceeding or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or both, at the discretion one year, or both, at the discretion one year, or both, at the discretion of the court; and if the offender be of the court; and if the offender be of the court; and if the offender be an officer or employee officer of the an or employee of the an officer or employee of the United States he shall be dismissed United States he shall be dismissed United States he shall be dismissed from office or discharged from em- from office or discharged from em- from office or discharged from employment. ployment. ployment. Sec. 55. (f) (2) State employ- Sec. 55. (f) (2) State employ- Sec. 55. (f) (2) State employees. Any officer, employee, or ees.-Any or ees. Any officer, employee, or ees. Any officer, employee, or agent of any State or political sub-agent of any State or political sub-agent of any State or political subdivision, who divulges (except as division, who divulges (except as division, who divulges (except as authorized in paragraph 2 of sub- authorized in paragraph 2 of subsection (b), or when called upon to section (b), or when called upon to testify in any judicial or admin- testify in any judicial or administrative proceeding to which the istrative proceeding to which the State or political subdivision, or State or political subdivision, or such State or local official, body, or such State or local official, body, or commission, as such, is a party) commission, as such, is a party) any information acquired by him through an inspection permitted him or another under paragraph 2 of subsection (b) shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall upon conviction be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000, or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both. Sec. 55. (f) (3) Shareholders.— Any shareholder who pursuant to the provisions of this section is allowed to examine the return of any corporation, and who makes known in any manner whatever not provided by law the amount or source of income, profits, losses, expenditures, or any particular thereof, set forth or disclosed in any such return, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and be punished by a fine not exceeding $1,000 or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or both. any information acquired by him Sec. 55. (f) (3) Shareholders.— Any shareholder who pursuant to the provisions of this section is allowed to examine the return of any corporation, and who makes known in any manner whatever not provided by law the amount or source of income, profits, losses, expenditures, or any particular thereof, set forth or disclosed in any such return, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and be punished by a fine not exceeding $1,000 or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or both. authorized in paragraph 2 of subsection (b), or when called upon to testify in any judicial or administrative proceeding to which the State or political subdivision, or such State or local official, body, or commission, as such, is a party) any information acquired by him through an inspection permitted him or another under paragraph 2 of subsection (b) shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall upon conviction be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000, or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both. Sec. 55. (f) (3) Shareholders.— Any shareholder who pursuant to the provisions of this section is allowed to examine the return of any corporation, and who makes known in any manner whatever not provided by law the amount or source of income, profits, losses, expenditures, or any particular thereof, set forth or disclosed in any such return, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and be punished by a fine not exceeding $1,000 or by impris onment not exceeding one year, or both. amount or source of income, prof- amount or source of income, prof- of the court; and if the offender be Sec. 55. (f) (2) State employ- Sec. 55. (f) (2) State employees. ees. Any officer, employee, or-Any officer, employee, or agent agent of any State or political sub- of any State or political subdividivision, who divulges (except as sion, who divulges (except as authorauthorized in paragraph 2 of sub-ized in paragraph 2 of subsection section (b), or when called upon to (b), or when called upon to testify testify in any judicial or admin-in any judicial or administrative istrative proceeding to which the proceeding to which the State or State or political subdivision, or political subdivision, or such State such State or local official, body, or or local official, body, or commiscommission, as such, is a party) sion, as such, is a party) any inany information acquired by him through an inspection permitted him or another under paragraph 2 of subsection (b) shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall upon conviction be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000, or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both. formation acquired by him through Sec. 55. (f) (3) Shareholders.— Sec. 55. (f) (3) Shareholders.Any shareholder who pursuant to Any shareholder who pursuant to the provisions of this section is al- the provisions of this section is allowed to examine the return of any lowed to examine the return of any corporation, and who makes known corporation, and who makes known in any manner whatever not pro- in any manner whatever not provided by law the amount or source vided by law the amount or source of income, profits, losses, expendi- of income, profits, losses, expenditures, or any particular thereof, set tures, or any particular thereof, set forth or disclosed in any such re- forth or disclosed in any such return, shall be guilty of a misde- turn, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and be punished by a fine meanor and be punished by a fine not exceeding $1,000 or by impris- not exceeding $1,000 or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or onment not exceeding one year, or both. both. Taxable Years Beginning before 1939 Sec. 56. (b) Installment pay- Sec. 56. (b) Installment payments.-The Except in the case of ments.-The taxpayer may elect to an individual (other than an estate pay the tax in four equal installor trust and other than a nonresi- ments, in which case the first indent alien with respect to whose stallment shall be paid on the date wages, as defined in section 1621 (a), withholding under Subchapter D of Chapter 9 is not made applicable), the taxpayer may elect to pay the tax in four equal installments, in which case the first installment shall be paid on the date prescribed for the payment of the tax by the taxpayer, the second installment shall be paid on the fifteenth day of the third month, the third installment on the fifteenth day of the sixth month, and the fourth installment on the fifteenth day of the ninth month, after such date. If any installment is not paid on or before the date fixed for its payment, the whole amount of prescribed for the payment of the See fn. 9, for Payment Act of lief from double 1943. 9 Sec. 6, Current Tax Payment Act of 1943, reads as follows: Sec. 6. Relief from double payments in 1943. (a) TAX FOR 1942 NOT GREATER THAN TAX FOR 1943. -In case the tax imposed by Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code upon any individual (other than an estate or trust and other than a nonresident alien not subject to the provisions of sections 58, 59, and 60 of such chapter) for the taxable year 1942 (determined without regard to this section, without regard to interest or additions to the tax, and without regard to credits against the tax for amounts withheld at source) is not greater than the tax for the taxable year 1943 (similarly determined), the liability of such individual for the tax imposed by such chapter for the taxable year 1942 shall be discharged as of September 1, 1943, except that interest and additions to such tax shall be collected at the same time and in the same manner as, and as a part of, the tax under such chapter for the taxable year 1943. In such case if the tax for the taxable year 1942 (determined without regard to this section and without regard to interest or additions to the tax) is more than Current Tax Taxable Years Sec. 55. (f) (4) Cross reference. For penalties for disclosing operations, style of work, or apparatus of any manufacturer or producer, see section 4047. Sec. 56. Payment of tax. Sec. 56. (a) Time of payment.— The total amount of tax imposed by this chapter shall be paid on the fifteenth day of March following the close of the calendar year, or, if the return should be made on the basis of a fiscal year, then on the fifteenth day of the third month following the close of the fiscal year. Sec. 56. (b) Installment payments.-The taxpayer may elect to pay the tax in four equal installments, in which case the first installment shall be paid on the date prescribed for the payment of the tax by the taxpayer, the second installment shall be paid on the fifteenth day of the third month, the third installment on the fifteenth day of the sixth month, and the fourth installment on the fifteenth day of the ninth month, after such date. If any installment is not paid on or before the date fixed for its payment, the whole amount of the tax unpaid shall be paid upon notice and demand from the collector. $50, the tax under such chapter for the taxable year 1943 shall be increased by an amount equal to 25 per centum of the tax for the taxable year 1942 (so determined) or the excess of such tax (so determined) over $50, whichever is the lesser. This subsection shall not apply in any case in which the taxpayer is convicted of any criminal offense with respect to the tax for the taxable year 1942 or in which additions to the tax for such taxable year are applicable_by_reason of fraud. (b) TAX FOR 1942 GREATER THAN TAX FOR 1943.-In case the tax imposed by Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code upon any individual (other than an estate or trust and other than a nonresident alien not subject to the provisions of sections 58, 59, and 60 of such chapter) for the taxable year 1942 (determined without regard to this section, without regard to interest or additions to the tax, and without regard to credits against the tax for amounts withheld at source) is greater than the tax for the taxable year 1943 (similarly determined), the liability of such individual for the tax imposed by such chapter for the taxable year 1942 shall be discharged as of September 1, 1943, except that interest and additions to such tax shall be collected at the same time and in the same manner as, and as a part of, the Sec. 56. (a) Time of payment.- Sec. 56. (a) Time of payment.The total amount of tax imposed The total amount of tax imposed by this chapter shall be paid on the by this chapter shall be paid on the fifteenth day of March following fifteenth day of March following the close of the calendar year, or, the close of the calendar year, or, if the return should be made on the if the return should be made on the basis of a fiscal year, then on the basis of a fiscal year, then on the fifteenth day of the third month fifteenth day of the third month following the close of the fiscal following the close of the fiscal Taxable Years Beginning before 1939 Sec. 56. Payment of tax. Sec. 56. (a) Time of payment. Sec. 56. (b) Installment pay See p. 112, Eighth Edition. Sec. 56. (b) Installment pay- Sec. 56. (b) Installment payments.-The taxpayer may elect to ments.-The taxpayer may elect to ments. pay the tax in four equal install- pay the tax in four equal installments, in which case the first in- ments, in which case the first installment shall be paid on the date stallment shall be paid on the date prescribed for the payment of the prescribed for the payment of the tax by the taxpayer, the second in- tax by the taxpayer, the second installment shall be paid on the fif- stallment shall be paid on the fifteenth day of the third month, the teenth day of the third month, the third installment on the fifteenth third installment on the fifteenth day of the sixth month, and the day of the sixth month, and the fourth installment on the fifteenth fourth installment on the fifteenth day of the ninth month, after such day of the ninth month, after such date. If any installment is not date. If any installment is not paid on or before the date fixed for paid on or before the date fixed for its payment, the whole amount of its payment, the whole amount of the tax unpaid shall be paid upon the tax unpaid shall be paid upon notice and demand from the col- notice and demand from the collector. lector. tax under such chapter for the taxable year 1943. In such case the tax under such chapter for the taxable year 1943 shall be increased by (1) the amount by which the tax imposed by such chapter for the taxable year 1942 (determined without regard to this section and without regard to interest and additions to such tax) exceeds the tax imposed by such chapter for the taxable year 1943 (determined without regard to this section, without regard to interest and additions to such tax, and without regard to credits against such tax under section 466 (e) or under section 35 of such chapter), plus (2) if the tax for the taxable year 1943 (determined without regard to this section, without regard to interest or additions to the tax, and without regard to credits against such tax under section 466 (e) or under section 35 of such chapter) is more than $50, an amount equal to 25 per centum of the tax for the taxable year 1943 (so determined) or the excess of such tax (so determined) over $50, whichever is the lesser. Such amount shall in no case exceed 25 per centum of the tax for the taxable year 1942 (determined without regard to this section and without regard to interest and ad ditions to such tax) or the excess of such tax (so determined) over $50, whichever is the lesser. This subsection shall not apply in any case in which the taxpayer is convicted of any criminal offense with respect to the tax for the taxable year 1942 or in which additions to the tax for such taxable year are applicable by reason of fraud. An individual who becomes subject to tax for the taxable year 1943 under this subsection shall be an individual required to make a return for the taxable year 1943 under section 51 of the Internal Revenue Code. (c) ADDITIONAL INCREASE IN 1943 TAX WHERE INCREASED INCOME. (1) TAX FOR 1942 NOT GREATER THAN THAT FOR 1943. In the case of a taxpayer whose liability for the tax for the taxable year 1942 is discharged under subsection (a), and whose surtax net income for the base year plus $20,000 is less than that for the taxable year 1942, the tax imposed by Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code for the taxable year 1943 shall be increased by the excess of 75 per centum of the tax imposed by such chapter for the taxable year 1942 (determined Taxable Years the tax unpaid shall be paid upon notice and demand from the collector. Sec. 56 (b), I. R. C., supra, amended by Sec. 5 (d), Current Tax Payment Act of 1943, by striking out word "The" and adding language in italics. Sec. 5 (f) of said Act makes amendment applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1942, except that Sec. 294 (a) (5), I. R. C. shall not be applicable to a taxable year beginning in 1943 in the case of an individual not required to make a declaration under Sec. 58, I. R. C., for such year. See fn. 9, p. 176, for Sec. 6. Current Tax Payment Act of 1943, for relief from double payments in 1943. Sec. 56. (c) Extension of time for payment.— Taxable Years Sec. 56. (c) Extension of time for payment. Taxable Years Sec. 56. (c) Extension of time for payment. Sec. 56. (c) (1) General rule.- Sec. 56. (c) (1) General rule.— Sec. 56. (c) (1) General rule.— At the request of the taxpayer, the At the request of the taxpayer, the At the request of the taxpayer, the Commissioner may extend the time Commissioner may extend the time Commissioner may extend the time for payment of the amount deter- for payment of the amount deter- for payment of the amount determined as the tax by the taxpayer, mined as the tax by the taxpayer, mined as the tax by the taxpayer, or any installment thereof, for a or any installment thereof, for a or any installment thereof, for a period not to exceed six months period not to exceed six months period not to exceed six months from the date prescribed for the from the date prescribed for the payment of the tax or an install-payment of the tax or an installment thereof. In such case the ment thereof. In such case the amount in respect of which the ex- amount in respect of which the extension is granted shall be paid on tension is granted shall be paid on or before the date of the expiration or before the date of the expiration of the period of the extension. of the period of the extension. from the date prescribed for the payment of the tax or an installment thereof. In such case the amount in respect of which the extension is granted shall be paid on or before the date of the expiration of the period of the extension. Sec. 56. (c) (2) Liquidation of Sec. 56. (c) (2) Liquidation of Sec. 56. (c) (2) Liquidation of personal holding companies.-At personal holding companies.-At personal holding companies.-At the request of the taxpayer, the the request of the taxpayer, the the request of the taxpayer, the Commissioner may (under regula- Commissioner may (under regula- Commissioner may (under regulations prescribed by the Commis- tions prescribed by the Commis- tions prescribed by the Commis without regard to this section and without regard to interest and additions to the tax) over a tentative tax computed as if the portion of the surtax net income for the taxable year 1942 which is not greater than the sum of the surtax net income for the base year plus $20,000 constituted both the surtax net income for the taxable year 1942, and the net income for such taxable year after allowance of all credits against net income; (2) TAX FOR 1942 GREATER THAN THAT FOR 1943.In the case of a taxpayer whose liability for the tax for the taxable year 1942 is discharged under subsection (b) and whose surtax net income for the base year plus $20,000 is less than that for the taxable year 1943, the tax imposed by Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code for the taxable year 1943 shall be increased by the excess of 75 per centum of the tax imposed by such chapter for the taxable year 1943 (determined without regard to this section and without regard to interest and additions to the tax) over a tentative tax for the taxable year 1943 computed as if the portion of the surtax net income for such taxable year which is not greater than the sum of the surtax net income for the base year plus $20,000 constituted both the surtax net income for the taxable year 1943, and the net income for such taxable year after allowance of all credits against net in come. For the purposes of this subsection "base year" means any one of the taxable years 1937, 1938, 1939, or 1940, to be selected by the taxpayer. (d) RULES FOR APPLICATION OF SUBSECTIONS (A), (B), AND (C).— (1) APPLICATION OF SUBSECTION (B) TO MEMBERS OF ARMED FORCES.-If the taxpayer is in active service in the military or naval forces of the United States or any of the other United Nations at any time during the taxable year 1942 or 1943, the increase in the tax for the taxable year 1943 under subsection (b) (1) shall be reduced by an amount equal to the amount by which the tax for the taxable year 1942 (determined without regard to this section) is increased by reason of the inclusion in the net income for the taxable year 1942 of the amount of the earned net income (as defined in seetion 25 (a) (4)). (2) JOINT RETURNS.-If the taxpayer either for the taxable year 1942 or for the taxable year 1943 makes a joint return with his spouse, the taxes of the spouses for the taxable year for which a joint return is not made shall be aggregated for the purposes of subsections (a), (b), and (c), and in case the taxable year for which a joint return is not made is the taxable year 1943, the liability for the increase in the tax for the taxable year |