From the data presented in the preceding table it appears that the proportion of individuals for whom information was secured who worked six months or over during the year, is 69.9 per cent in Community E of the Middle West, 83.7 per cent in the South; and in the East, 72.8 per cent in the Pittsburg district, 67 per cent in Community C, 77.2 per cent in Community D, and 75 per cent for the entire iron and steel industry. Among the employees native white of native father the proportion who worked six months or over is largest in New York, Community D, and much smaller in Community C than in any other locality; of those native-born of foreign father the proportion who worked six months or over is larger in the Birmingham district of the South than in any other locality, as is also the case with the foreign-born. Of the foreign-born, the Bulgarians, North Italians, South Italians, and Slovaks have a larger proportion of male employees who worked six months or over in the South, the Birmingham district, than in any other locality; the Croatians, Magyars, and Poles show a larger proportion in Community D of the East than in any other locality, and the Servians a larger proportion in the Pittsburg district of the East than in any other locality.

THE IMMIGRANT AND ORGANIZED LABOR.

The table next presented shows affiliation with trade unions of males in the households studied who were 21 years of age or over and who were working for wages. The exhibit is by general nativity and race of individual.

TABLE 65.-Affiliation with trade unions of males 21 years of age or over who are working for wages, by general nativity and race of individual.

TABLE 65.-Affiliation with trade unions of males 21 years of age or over who are working for wages, by general nativity and race of individual-Continued.

Considering the totals shown in the above table, it will be seen that of 4,185 individuals only 1.6 per cent are affiliated with trade unions, those native-born of native father showing the largest proportion, or 6.7 per cent, as compared with 5.2 per cent of those native-born of foreign father, and only 1.5 per cent of the foreign-born. The Bohemians and Moravians among the foreign-born races show the largest proportion, or 19 per cent, followed by the Irish with 11.5 per cent, while of those races reporting more than 1 per cent the proportions range from 1.3 per cent for the North Italians to 6.3 per cent for the Slovaks. Of the persons native-born of foreign father the Irish report 7 per cent as members of labor organizations, while neither the English nor Germans report any. As compared with the Irish it will be noted. that white persons native-born of native father have a slightly smaller proportion.

The table next presented also shows the percentage of males, 21 years of age or over, in the households studied who were working for wages and who were affiliated with trade unions, but the presentation is by locality and by general nativity and race of individual.

TABLE 4-Po out of miles 21 years of age or one working for wages who are affiliated in the trade worms, by loost by and by generai nat mity and race of individual.

(STLUY OF HOUSEHOLDS Į

Tule tale forhudn muy rum with 2 or more mare reporting in each of two or more localities. The WAR, DOWETer, are for all races.]

a Community A and Community B are included in the Pittsburg district.
Not computed, owing to small number involved.

The above table shows that of the total number of males 21 years of age or over working in the iron and steel industry only 1.6 per cent are affiliated with trade unions, the several localities ranging from 2.6 per cent as shown in the Middle West to none in Community C of the East. In the localities in which both the native-born and foreign-born report proportions it will be seen that the former shows a slightly larger proportion in the Pittsburg district of the East and the latter a slightly larger proportion in the South. With regard to the several foreign-born races, the largest proportion shown by any race in any locality is shown by the Slovaks in the South. In the extent of membership in labor organizations the Slovaks are followed by the Magyars in the Middle West and the Poles and North Italians in the South. Each of the other races shows less than 1 per cent in the several localities.

The following table shows, by years in the United States and race of individual, affiliation with trade unions of foreign-born males in the households studied who were 21 years of age or over and who were working for wages.

TABLE 67.-Affiliation with trade unions of foreign-born males 21 years of age or over who are working for wages, by years in the United States and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 200 or more males reporting. The total, however, is for all foreignborn.]

From the above table it will be seen that of the foreign-born males 21 years of age or over who are working for wages and affiliated with trade unions the largest proportion, or 4.2 per cent, is shown by those who have been in the United States ten years or over, as compared with the smallest proportion, or 0.4 per cent, as shown by those who have been in the United States under five years. Those who have been in the United States from five to nine years show a proportion of 1.8 per cent. Of the different races it will be seen that, with the exception of the Bulgarians and Croatians, the proportions of each race increase with length of residence, the largest increase being shown by the Slovaks, with 1.4 per cent under five years, and 10.9 per cent for ten years or over, as contrasted with the smallest increase, which is shown by the South Italians. This race exhibits only 0.3 per cent with a residence under five years and 0.8 per cent with a residence of ten years or over who belonged to labor organizations.