lodgers to each household, but the maximum boarding and lodging conditions are reached by the Servians and Bulgarians, the former averaging 6.16 and the latter 8.42 boarders or lodgers per household. Summarizing the reports of the races discussed, the minimum proportion of boarders or lodgers is the 0.1 reported by the Irish and the maximum of 8.42 by the Bulgarians, the native-born of native father averaging 0.3 boarders or lodgers to a household.

But 7 races, all foreign, present sufficient numbers to make computations possible in the forming of averages in the households keeping boarders or lodgers. The Bulgarians again present the maximum proportion, and as every Bulgarian household reports boarders or lodgers, the proportion, 8.42, remains the same. Four races, the Germans, Croatians, Magyars, and Servians, report more than 4 boarders or lodgers to each household keeping them, the proportions ranging, in the order given, from 4.25 to 6.50 boarders or lodgers per boarding household. The Slovenians show a slightly lower average and the South Italians presenting the minimum average of 1.84 boarders or lodgers for each household keeping boarders or lodgers.

SIZE OF APARTMENTS OCCUPIED.

The table next presented shows, by general nativity and race of head of household, the percentage of households occupying apartments of each specified number of rooms.

TABLE 447.-Per cent of households occupying apartments of each specified number of rooms, by general nativity and race of head of household.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 20 or more households reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.,

A larger proportion of the households investigated occupy apartments of 6 rooms than of any other size. Slightly smaller are the proportions of households occupying apartments of 5 rooms and 7

rooms or more; 6.7 per cent occupy 4-room apartments, while the proportions occupying apartments of 1, 2, and 3 rooms combined constitute only 1.9 per cent of all households studied. Of the households of persons native-born of native father equally large proportions occupy 6 rooms and 7 or more rooms. Of the households of heads native-born of foreign father a larger proportion occupy apartments of 6 rooms than any other size; a considerably smaller proportion occupy less than 6 rooms than any other class. The proportion of foreign-born households occupying apartments of 5 rooms is slightly larger than the proportion occupying apartments of either 6 rooms or 7 or more rooms. Among the Irish, 7 rooms or more is the most frequent size of apartment. The Slovenians, Croatians, and Germans most commonly occupy apartments of 6 rooms. The Magyars, Servians, and South Italians in the greater number of cases have 5 rooms.

SIZE OF HOUSEHOLDS STUDIED.

The following table shows the percentage of households of each specified number of persons by general nativity and race of head of household:

TABLE 448.-Per cent of households of each specified number of persons, by general nativity and race of head of household

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

This table includes only races with 20 or more households reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.] Per cent of households of each specified number of persons.

General nativity and

Total
num-

Average

number

race of head

household.

of per

house

holds.

10 or more.

hold.

A study of the 405 households from which the above table is compiled shows that 27.3 per cent consists of from 2 to 4 persons, 33.3 per cent of from 5 to 7 persons, 19.8 per cent of from 8 to 9 persons, and 19.5 per cent of 10 or more persons. Households whose heads were native-born of native father and native-born of foreign father exhibit a large proportion of small households, while the greater proportion of households whose heads were foreign-born are com

posed of a large number of persons. The households whose heads were native-born of foreign father have the highest percentage of small households, 74.9 per cent having from 2 to 5 members and 25.1 per cent 6 or more members. Households whose heads were nativeborn of native father follow with 65 per cent made up of from 2 to 5 persons and 35 per cent of 6 or more persons, while the foreign-born show only 29.5 per cent having from 2 to 5 persons per household and 70.6 per cent of households of 6 or more persons. Households whose heads were foreign-born show 23.4 per cent made up of 10 or more persons, as compared with only 5 per cent of native-born of native father and 3.3 per cent of native-born of foreign father.

Of the households whose heads were native-born of foreign father the Irish show the largest proportion of small households, 82.6 per cent being composed of from 2 to 5 persons and 17.3 per cent of 6 or more persons. Germans show 75 per cent of households of from 2 to 5 persons and 25 per cent of 6 or more persons per household. Among the foreign-born races the Irish show by far the greatest proportion of households composed of from 2 to 5 persons, followed by Germans, Magyars, Slovenians, South Italians, Servians, and Croatians. Servians show a very large proportion of households composed of 10 or more persons, followed by Magyars, with a much smaller percentage. Slovenians, Croatians, Germans, South Italians, and Irish follow in the order mentioned, the last-named race showing only 9.5 per cent of households of 10 or more persons.

CONGESTION.

The following table shows the average number of persons per apartment, per room, and per sleeping room, by general nativity and race of head of household:

TABLE 449.-Average number of persons per apartment, per room, and per sleeping room, by general nativity and race of head of household.

The average number of persons per apartment for the total number of households is 6.95; per room, 1.15; and per sleeping room, 2.13. Persons native-born of foreign father have the lowest average in each instance, and the foreign-born the highest. Moreover, every raceEnglish, German, and Irish-grouped under the general heading native-born of foreign father has a lower average number of persons per apartment, per room, and per sleeping room than those classed as native-born of native father. Of the specified foreign households the English is the only race which has a lower average number of persons in the three particulars than the native-born of native father. The Irish, however, have a lower average number of persons per room and per sleeping room than the latter class. In addition to the English and Irish the Germans show an average number of persons per apartment, per room, and per sleeping room below the average shown for the total foreign-born. The Bulgarians, Servians, Slovaks, and Croatians, on the other hand, have a comparatively high average number of persons in each case. The South Italians and Magyars have an average number of persons per apartment which is smaller than that of the total foreign-born group, but the average numbers per room and per sleeping room are higher. The Slovenians, on the other hand, show a lower average number of persons per apartment and per room and a higher average number per sleeping room than is shown for the total foreign-born.

The following table shows the percentage of households having each specified number of persons per room, by general nativity and race of head of household:

TABLE 450.-Persons per room, by general nativity and race of head of household.

In this locality 62.7 per cent of the households for which information was secured have 1 or more persons per room, 12.8 per cent 2 or more persons, 1.2 per cent 3 or more persons, and only 0.5 per cent 4 or more persons. The proportion of households having 1 or more, 2 or more, and 4 or more persons per room, respectively, is larger for the foreignborn than for the native-born of native father, while the proportion of households having 3 or more persons per room is larger for the nativeborn of native father than for the foreign-born. None of the households of the native-born of foreign father have 2 or more persons per room and only a relatively small proportion 1 or more. Of the foreign-born the South Italians, Servians, and Magyars, in the order mentioned, have the largest proportion of households of 1 or more persons per room, and the Servians and Magyars, in the order mentioned, have the largest proportion of households of 2 or more persons

per room.

The following table shows the range in the number and per cent of persons per sleeping room, by general nativity and race of head of household:

TABLE 451.-Persons per sleeping room, by general nativity and race of head of household.

From a study made of 405 households, it is seen that the average number of persons per sleeping room is 2.13 and that 64.2 per cent have 2 or more persons per sleeping room, 20.2 per cent 3 or more, 4.7 per cent 4 or more, 2.2 per cent 5 or more, and 1 per cent 6 or more. Households whose heads are native-born of foreign father show the least congestion in sleeping rooms, followed by those whose