TABLE 38. Per cent of foreign-born male employees 18 years of age or over earning each specified amount per week, by race and length of residence in the United StatesContinued. As a rule increased length of residence in the United States is accompanied by an increase in the proportion of persons earning each specified amount. The races, in general, show the minimum proportion earning each specified amount among those who have been in this country less than five years; the maximum proportion among those who have been here ten years or over. There are, however, exceptions to this general tendency. The Greeks, for example, commonly show the maximum proportion earning each specified amount among those who have been here five to nine years. Likewise, the Irish who have been here from five to nine years have the maximum proportion earning each amount up to $17.50, except in one instance. The Russian, Scotch, and Welsh show slight exceptions to the general rule, the proportions earning $10 or over and $12.50 or over being largest in the five to nine year group. It should be noted that there is a smaller difference between the earnings of those who have been in the United States five to nine years and ten years or over than between those who have been here under five years and five to nine years. The table next presented sets forth the data of the table immediately preceding in a different form. In this table the races are arranged in alphabetical order under each residence period, in order that a comparison of progress by races may be had. TABLE 39.-Comparative earnings per week of foreign-born male employees 18 years of age or over, by race and length of residence in the United States.* (STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.) [By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only races with 200 or more males reporting.] *This table shows wages or earnings for the period indicated, but no account is taken of voluntary lost time or lost time from shutdowns or other causes. In the various tables in this report showing annual earnings allowance is made for time lost during the year. a Less than 0.05 per cent. Not computed, owing to small number involved. TABLE 39.-Comparative earnings per week of foreign-born male employees 18 years of age or over, by race and length of residence in the United States-Continued. Among the foreign-born employees who have been in the United States less than five years the Swedes, Welsh, English, Scotch, and Irish, in the order mentioned, have the largest proportions and the Macedonians, South Italians, and Servians the smallest of individuals earning $10 per week or over; the Swedes, Scotch, Welsh, and English, in the order mentioned, have the largest, and the Macedonians and South Italians the smallest proportions of individuals earning $12.50 or over; and the Scotch, Swedes, Welsh, and English, in the order mentioned, have the largest and the Macedonians, Croatians, Servians, and South Italians the smallest proportions of individuals earning $15 per week or over. The proportion of individuals in the United States less than five years earning $17.50 or over, $20 or over, $22.50 or over, and $25 or over per week is considerably larger for the Scotch, Welsh, and English than for the individuals of any other race. Of the employees who have lived in the United States from five to nine years, all of the Welsh, and a considerably larger proportion of the Swedes, Scotch, English, and Irish than of the individuals of any other race earn $10 per week or over. A considerably larger proportion of the Welsh, Swedes, Scotch, English, and Irish than of the individuals of any other race earn $12.50 or over. The Swedes, Scotch, Welsh, English, Bohemians and Moravians, and Irish, in the order mentioned, have the largest, and the Magyars, Servians, South Italians, and Croatians the smallest proportions of individuals earning $15 per week or over. The Scotch, Swedes, Welsh, Bohemians and Moravians, English, and Irish have the largest, and the Croatians, Servians, and Slovaks the smallest proportions of individuals earning $17.50 per week or over. The proportion of individuals in the United States from five to nine years who earn $20 or over, $22.50 or over, and $25 or over per week is much larger for the English, Irish, Scotch, Swedes, and Welsh than for the individuals of any other race. For employees in the United States ten years or over the percentages show about the same racial tendencies as for employees who have been here under five years and from five to nine years. It will be noted that the Welsh, Šwedes, Scotch, and English have a larger proportion of individuals earning each of the weekly rates specified, with the exception of the lowest, than is reported for any other race. ANNUAL EARNINGS OF MALE HEADS OF FAMILIES STUDIED. The following table shows, by general nativity and race of individual, the number and percentage and the average annual income of husbands at work: TABLE 40.-Husbands at work, by general nativity and race of individual. In the above table 2,008 husbands, 1,969 of whom were at work, or 98.1 per cent of all, have average yearly earnings of $409. The percentage of husbands at work who were native-born of foreign father was a little above the proportion of the total and that of foreign-born husbands slightly below it. The average annual earnings of husbands of native birth but of foreign father was notably higher than those of foreign birth, and considerably above the average for the total number. The percentages show that all of the English, Roumanian, Ruthenian, and practically all the Polish husbands of foreign birth were at work. All races exhibit 93 per cent or more of the husbands at work. The average annual earnings for the races from Great Britain and northern Europe-the Scotch, Welsh, English, Irish, and French-are much above the average of all races, and greatly in excess of the average for the total foreign-born. The Servians have the lowest and the South Italians the next lowest average annual earnings of any race of the foreign-born. The following table shows, by general nativity and race, the range in annual earnings of male heads of families: TABLE 41.-Earnings per year of male heads of families, by general nativity and race of individual. (STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.) [This table includes only male heads of selected families. For selection of families, see Vol. II, p. 272.] General nativity and race of individual. Num- Aver- |