State. TABLE 5.-Number and capacity (gross tons) of blast furnaces, rolling mills, and steel works, by State and geographical division, 1908. [Directory to the iron and steel works of the United States, 1908, compiled and published by the American Iron and Steel Association, pp. XIII and XV.] Capacity. Number. Capacity. Number. By referring to the above table it is at once seen that in the aggregate number and capacity of their blast furnaces and steel works the States of Pennsylvania and New York are far ahead of the other Middle Atlantic or New England States. West Virginia is third in point of annual capacity of steel plants and fourth as regards blast furnaces in the Eastern States, and has been included in this geographical division instead of the South for the reasons that the iron and steel producing areas of West Virginia are practically a part of the Pittsburg district and the living and working conditions are in reality the same as those prevailing in Pennsylvania. In the Middle West, although the Michigan blast furnaces are larger in number and annual capacity than those of Indiana and Wisconsin, the steel works of Michigan are of small consequence as compared with the other two States. In the South, Alabama and Maryland stand out prominently above the other States as iron and steel producing localities with the exception Capacity. of Virginia, Tennessee, and Kentucky, which exhibit large numbers of blast furnaces with a large aggregate annual capacity. The furnaces in these States, however, being usually small, detached, and scattered and employing mostly negroes and only a very small percentage of foreign-born persons, were not included in the scope of the investigation. HOUSEHOLDS STUDIED. The following table shows the number and per cent of households studied according to general nativity and race of head of household, the number of households of each race selected for study corresponding to the numerical importance of the members of the race employed in the industry: TABLE 6.-Households studied, by general nativity and race of head of household. MEMBERS OF HOUSEHOLDS FOR WHOM DETAILED WAS SECURED. INFORMATION The following table shows the number and per cent of persons in the households studied and of persons for whom detailed information was secured, by general nativity and race of head of household: TABLE 7.—Persons in households studied and persons for whom detailed information was secured, by general nativity and race of head of household. |