CONJUGAL CONDITION.

The

The table next presented shows the percentage of male iron and steel workers in the community in each conjugal condition. exhibit is by age groups and general nativity and race.

TABLE 309.-Per cent of male employees 20 years of age or over in each conjugal condition, by general nativity and race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[This table includes only races with 40 or more males reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

Of a grand total of 7,443 employees reporting complete data, 29.2 per cent are single, while a very small percentage are widowed. The iron and steel workers native-born of foreign father show a larger percentage single and widowed than do those native-born of native father or foreign-born, while the employees native-born of native father report a larger percentage of married than do the native-born of foreign father or foreign-born. A comparison of the members of separate races who were 20 years of age or over shows every race except the foreign-born North Italians to have more than half of their number married. The North Italians report the greater part of their number single.

48296-VOL 8-11-28

The following table shows per cent of male employees in each conjugal condition, by age groups and general nativity and race:

TABLE 310.-Per cent of male employees in each conjugal condition, by age groups and by general nativity and race.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[This table includes only races with 100 or more males reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

In the group including persons 20 to 29 years of age, 44.7 per cent are married and 0.3 per cent are widowed, and of those males who are from 30 to 44 years of age, 86.7 per cent are married and 2.3 cent per are widowed, while in the group including males 45 years of age or over, 87.5 per cent are married and 8.4 per cent are widowed. In the group from 20 to 29 years of age persons native-born of native father report the highest percentage married; the foreign-born follow with somewhat smaller proportions, while native-born of foreign father show less than 40 per cent married. In the group from 30 to 44 years of age foreign-born show the highest percentage married, followed by native-born of native father and native-born of foreign father in the order mentioned. The two last named nativity groups show a slightly higher percentage of males who are widowed than do the foreign-born. In the group showing males 45 years of age or over, the native-born of native father show the largest proportions married, closely followed by foreign-born, while native-born of foreign father show a somewhat smaller percentage married. In this group, native-born of foreign

father show over 10 per cent widowed, followed by foreign-born and native-born of native father with smaller proportions.

Of the persons native-born of foreign father, those whose fathers were born in England show a considerably higher percentage of males who were married than do those whose fathers were born in Germany or Ireland, the last-named race showing the highest percentage widowed. Of the foreign-born races, Germans show the highest percentage married, and North Italians the greatest proportion single, while Irish show the highest percentage widowed.

The next table submitted shows the percentage of persons in each conjugal condition, within the households studied, by sex, age groups, and by general nativity and race of individual:

TABLE 311.-Per cent of persons in each conjugal condition, by sex and age groups, and by general nativity and race of individual.

(STUDY OF HOUSEHOLDS.)

[This table includes only races with 80 or more persons reporting. The totals, however, are for all races.]

TABLE 311.—Per cent of persons in each conjugal condition, by sex and age groups, and by general nativity and race of individual-Continued.

Of 1,045 persons reporting in the above table, 70.9 per cent are married, 26.7 per cent single, and a very small proportion widowed. Of 963 foreign-born persons, 72.5 per cent are married and 2.4 per cent widowed. In direct contrast, 66 per cent of the native-born of foreign father are single and but 30 per cent are married. A comparative analysis of the persons foreign-born and the native-born of foreign father, by age groups, shows that the majority of the foreignborn 20 to 29 years of age are married, while but 12.5 per cent of the native-born of foreign father are similarly placed. In the case of those 30 to 44 years of age, 90 per cent of the foreign-born are married, and but 45.5 per cent of the native-born of foreign father are married. Of the former but 2.6 per cent are widowed, as contrasted with 18.2 per cent of the latter.

It will be seen that of the males from 50 per cent to 73.7 per cent of the South Italians, Slovaks, Magyars, Croatians, and Poles, respectively, from 20 to 29 years of age, are single, as are 93.3 per cent of the native-born of foreign father. In the case of the females, the difference in proportions shown for these two nativity groups is even more pronounced. Of the foreign-born males 30 to 44 years of age, from 4.7 per cent to 15.1 per cent of the Slovaks, South Italians, Croatians, Magyars, and Poles, in the order given, are single. In sharp contrast, 50 per cent of the males native-born of foreign father are single. In this same age group there are no single foreign-born females.

Of the females less than 1 per cent of those of foreign birth are single, as compared with 55.6 per cent of the native-born of foreign father.

The table next presented exhibits the location of the wives of married males of foreign birth by showing the percentage of foreign-born husbands who report wife in the United States and the per cent who report wife abroad, by race of husband.

TABLE 312.-Per cent of foreign-born husbands who report wife in the United States and per cent who report wife abroad, by race of husband.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[This table includes only races with 40 or more husbands reporting. The total, however, is for all foreignborn.]

A very large proportion, 65.5 per cent, of the total of 2,857 married males furnishing complete data in the above table, report their wives to be in the United States and slightly less than 35 per cent report their wives as being abroad. It will be noted that only four racesthe Slovenians, Servians, Russians, and Croatians-report less than 50 per cent of wives of married males in the United States. Of those reporting wives abroad the Servians lead with a little more than 80 per cent; the Croatians are second, with 62.7 per cent, followed by the Russians and Slovenians, each with slightly more than 50 per cent. The other races report less than 50 per cent of wives abroad, the English having the smallest, or less than 2 per cent.

The table next presented shows the percentage of foreign-born husbands who report wife abroad, by race of husband and by years husband has been in the United States.

TABLE 313.-Per cent of foreign-born husbands who report wife abroad, by race of husband and by years husband has been in the United States.

(STUDY OF EMPLOYEES.)

[By years in the United States is meant years since first arrival in the United States. This table includes only races with 100 or more husbands reporting.]