(e) Free and suspended pulp. Free and suspended pulp means the percentage of pulp determined by the following method: Graduated centrifuge tubes with a capacity of 50 ml. are filled with juice and placed in a suitable centrifuge. The speed is adjusted, according to diameter, as indicated in Table No. I, and the juice is centrifuged for exactly 10 minutes. As used in this subparagraph, "diameter" means the overall distance between the bottoms of opposing centrifuge tubes in operating position. After centrifuging, the milliliter reading at the top of the layer of pulp in the tube is multiplied by 2 to give the percentage of pulp.

TABLE No. III

Defects..

Flavor..

(SStd) 10-31

Total score..

100

Grade.

[33 F.R. 2501, Feb. 2, 1968, as amended at 33 F.R. 18225, Dec. 7, 1968]

Subpart-U.S. Standards for Grades

§ 52.6202 Kinds, styles, proportions of vegetables.

(a) Peas. Sweet type peas shall comprise not less than 50 percent, by weight, of the drained product.

(b) Carrots. Not less than 25 percent, by weight, of the drained product shall be carrots and shall be one of the following styles:

(1) Sliced. Predominantly of parallel slices which may be in the form of "corrugated," "fluted," "wavy," "scalloped," or "crinkle cut";

(2) Diced. Approximate cube-shaped; (3) Double-diced. Approximate rectangular shaped which resemble the equivalent of two cube-shaped units; or (4) Strips. Cut strips not exceeding three-eighth inch in width and of various lengths and which have four approximately parallel sides.

(c) Determination of proportion of ingredients. The proportion requirement for the respective ingredient is determined by averaging the total drained weight of each ingredient in all 10ounce sample units in the sample: Provided, That any deviation from the requirement for proportions of ingredients in any one 10-ounce sample unit is within the range of variability of good commercial practice. § 52.6203

carrots.

Grades of canned peas and

(a) "U.S. Grade A" or ("U.S. Fancy") is the quality of canned peas and carrots in which the vegetables possess a good color, are practically free from defects, possess a good character, possess a good flavor and odor, and which score not less than 90 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(b) "U.S. Grade B" or ("U.S. Extra Standard") is the quality of canned peas and carrots in which the vegetables have at least reasonably good color, reasonable freedom from defects, a reasonably good character, and fairly good flavor and odor, and which score not less than 80 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(c) "Substandard" is the quality of canned peas and carrots that fail to meet the requirements of U.S. Grade B.

FILL OF CONTAINER, DRAINED WEIGHT

§ 52.6204 Fill of container and drained weights.

(a) General. The recommended fill of container is not incorporated in the grades of the finished product since fill of container, as such, is not a factor of quality for the purpose of these grades. It is recommended that each container be as full of peas and carrots as practicable without impairment of quality and that the product and packing medium occupy not less than 90 percent of the volume of the container.

(b) Method for ascertaining drained weight. The minimum drained weight recommendations in Table I are not incorporated in the grades of the finished product since drained weight, as such, is not a factor of quality for the purpose of these grades. The drained weight of canned peas and carrots is determined by emptying the contents of the container upon a U.S. Standard No. 8 circular sieve of proper diameter containing 8 meshes to the inch (0.0937 inch, ±3 percent, square openings). The product is evenly distributed on the sieve, the sieve inclined slightly to facilitate drainage, and allowed to drain for 2 minutes. The drained weight is the weight of the sieve and the peas and carrots less the weight of the dry sieve. A sieve 8 inches in diameter is used for the No. 21⁄2 size can (401 x 411) and smaller sizes; and a sieve 12 inches in diameter is used for containers larger than the No. 22 size

can.

§ 52.6205 Compliance with recom

mended minimum drained weights. Compliance with the recommended minimum drained weights for canned peas and carrots is determined by averaging the drained weights from all the containers which are representative of a specific lot. Such lot is considered as meeting the recommendations if the following criteria are met:

(a) The average of the drained weights from all of the containers meets the recommended drained weight; and

(b) The drained weights from the containers which do not meet the recommended drained weight are within the range of variability for good commercial practice.

SAMPLE UNIT SIZE, FACTORS OF QUALITY

§ 52.6206 Sample unit size.

Compliance with requirements for factors of quality and for proportions of ingredients shall be based on a sample unit consisting of 10 ounces of drained product. A sample unit may be comprised of:

(a) The entire contents of a container;

(b) A combination of the contents of two or more containers;

(c) A representative portion of the contents of a container;

Provided, That not more than one (1) sample unit is derived from any one single container smaller than a No. 10 can and that no less than two (2) sample units are derived from any one single container of a No. 10 can size or larger. § 52.6207 Ascertaining the grade of a sample unit.

(a) General. The grade of a sample unit of canned peas and carrots is ascertained by considering: The flavor and odor which are not scored; the rating of the factors of color, uniformity of size and shape, absence of defects, and character which are scored; the total score; and the limiting rules which may be applicable.

(b) Definition of flavor and odor. (1) "Good flavor" means that the product and each of the vegetables has a good, characteristic, normal flavor and odor.

(2) "Fairly good flavor" means that the product may be lacking in good flavor and odor but is free from objectionable flavors and objectionable odors of any kind.

(c) Factor not rated by score points. (1) Flavor and odor.

(a) General. The factor of color refers to the overall appearance of the product and to the color and brightness of the vegetables individually.

(b) (A) Classification. Canned peas and carrots which possess a good color may be given a score of 18 to 20 points. "Good color" means that the product possesses an overall color that is at least reasonably bright and each of the vegetables is not more than slightly affected by variations in color; that the carrots possess an orange-yellow color which is bright and typical and the presence of green, white, or orange-brown units does not more than slightly affect the appearance or eating quality of the carrots; that the color of the peas is normal and is typical of at least reasonably young and reasonably tender peas with practically no "blond" or "cream" colored peas.

(c) (B) Classification. Canned peas and carrots which possess a reasonably good color may be given a score of 16 or 17 points. Canned peas and carrots that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B, regardless of the total score for the product (limiting rule). "Reasonably" good color means that the product possesses an overall color which may be slightly dull but is not off color; that the color of each of the vegetables may be variable but not to the extent that the appearance of the product is seriously affected; that the presence of green, white, or orange

brown units does not seriously affect the appearance of the carrots; that the color of the peas is typical of fairly young and fairly tender peas.

If the

(d) (SStd) Classification. canned peas and carrots fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section a score of 0 to 15 points may be given and the product shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (limiting rule).

§ 52.6210 Uniformity of size and shape.

(a) General. Under this factor, consideration is given only to the uniformity of size and shape of the carrot ingredient. The percentage, by weight, of the carrot ingredient consisting of units smaller, or larger, than the required size for a particular style is determined by separating all such units from the other carrot units in the sample unit, weighing such units, and dividing that weight by the total weight of the drained carrot ingredient in the sample unit.

(b) Ascertaining dimensions. Size dimensions of the various units are measured as follows:

(1) Diameter and thickness of sliced carrots. The diameter of a slice is the measurement across the largest cut surface of the slice. The thickness of a slice is measured at the thickest portion between the two cut surfaces of the slice.

(2) Size of diced carrots. The size of a dice is the length of the edge (other than rounded outer edges) which is most representative of the size of the approximate cube.

(3) Width of a strip. The width of a strip is the widest cut surface measured at right angles to the length of the unit.

(c) (A) Classification. Canned peas and carrots that are practically uniform in size and shape may be given a score of 18 to 20 points. "Practically uniform in size and shape" means that:

(1) The carrots comply with the measurement, shape, and uniformity requirements for (A) classification in Table II; and, in addition

(2) The overall appearance of the product is not materially affected by variations or irregularities in size and shape of the units.

(d) (B) Classification. Canned peas and carrots that are reasonably uniform in size and shape may be given a score of 16 or 17 points. Canned peas and carrots that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U.S. Grade B regardless of the total score for the product (limiting rule). "Reasonably uniform in size and shape" means that:

(1) The carrots comply with the measurement, shape, and uniformity requirements for (B) classification in Table II; and, in addition

(2) The overall appearance of the product is not seriously affected by variations or irregularities in size and shape of the units.

(e) (SStd) Classification. Canned peas and carrots that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 15 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (limiting rule).

(a) General. The factor of defects refers to the degree of freedom from harmless extraneous vegetable material, damaged units, seriously damaged units, and any other defect which detracts from the appearance or edibility of the product.

(1) "Harmless extraneous vegetable material" means:

(i) Material common to the pea or carrot plant (such as leaves, stems, or pods); and

(ii) Harmless material from other plants (such as thistle buds or seeds) which are succulent.

(2) "Damaged unit" means any pea or carrot unit that is affected by discoloration or other blemish to the extent that the appearance or edibility of the unit is materially affected and has the following specific meanings with respect to each vegetable:

(i) Peas. Any spotted or off-colored pea (other than blond peas) such as brown or gray discoloration.

(ii) Carrots. Any unit possessing an unpeeled area greater than the area of a circle one-eighth inch in diameter; and any unit blemished by internal or external discoloration, such as sunburn or green color, or other similar color.

(3) "Seriously damaged unit" means a pea or carrot unit that is damaged to the extent that the appearance or edibility of the unit is seriously affected and includes units with very dark spots or serious discoloration or other abnormalities.

(4) "Other defects" means defects not specifically mentioned that affect the appearance or edibility of the product and include, but are not limited to, the following:

(i) Peas. Mashed peas, broken peas, loose cotyledons, loose skins, and any portions thereof;

(ii) Carrots. Crushed, broken, or cracked units or units with excessively frayed edges and surfaces.

(b) (A) Classification. Canned peas and carrots that are practically free from defects may be given a score of 27 to 30 points. "Practically free from defects" means that there may be present:

(1) Not more than one (1) piece of harmless extraneous material per 60 ounces of drained product (average of entire sample); and

(2) Not more than the following per sample unit of 10 ounces:

(i) A total of 8 damaged and seriously damaged units of which not more than one (1) may be seriously damaged: Provided, That damaged and seriously damaged units, either singly or in combination, may no more than slightly affect the appearance or eating quality of the product;

(ii) Harmless extraneous material and/or other defects, individually or collectively, which materially affect the appearance of the product; and

(iii) Any combination of the foregoing which materially affect the appearance or eating quality of the product.

(c) (B) Classification. If the canned peas and carrots are reasonably free from defects a score of 24 to 26 points may be given. Canned peas and carrots that fall into this classification shall not be graded above Grade B, regardless of the total score for the product (limiting rule). "Reasonably free from defects" means that there may be present:

(1) Not more than one (1) piece of harmless extraneous material per 30 ounces of drained product (average of entire sample); and

(2) Not more than the following per sample unit of 10 ounces:

(i) A total of 15 damaged and seriously damaged units of which not more than 3 units may be seriously damaged: Provided, That damaged and seriously damaged units, either singly or in combination, do not seriously affect the appearance or eating quality of the product;

(ii) Harmless extraneous material and/or other defects, individually or collectively, which seriously affect the appearance or eating quality; and

(iii) Any combination of the foregoing which seriously affect the appearance or eating quality of the product.

(d) (SStd) Classification. Canned peas and carrots that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 23 points and shall not be graded above