adjusting the specific duties of its tariff to the incidences contemplated in paragraph 3.

5. The High Contracting Parties shall determine, as soon as possible and before the putting into effect of the present convention, the minimum rates below which the duties applicable to agricultural products must not be reduced.

6. The High Contracting Parties shall come to an agreement, as rapidly as possible and before the putting into effect of the present convention, on the products to which, by reason of exceptional circumstances, the said convention can not be applied except with certain delays and with certain reservations.

AD ARTICLE 3

1. The expression "regulatory measure" which appears in the first and last paragraphs of article 3 contemplates especially the control of bills of exchange.

2. The expression "abnormal circumstance" which appears in the next to the last paragraph of article 3 contemplates especially:

(a) The case in which the currency of one of the contracting countries should depreciate without the level of prices existing in that country adjusting itself to the new currency rates;

(b) The case in which prohibitive or restrictive measures should have the effect of turning certain commercial currents toward the market of one of the High Contracting Parties and thus increase the importations on that market to an abnormal and dangerous degree. In testimony whereof, the plenipotentiaries have signed the present protocol.

Done at Geneva, July 18, 1932.

For Belgium:

PAUL HYMANS

For Luxembourg:

BECH

For the Netherlands:

BEELAERTS VAN BLOKLAND

In signing the protocol annexed to the international convention for the lowering of economic barriers, we declare that, in the interval between the signature and the putting into effect of the said convention,—during which period the committee contemplated in article 6 will not yet exist,-the Belgian-Luxembourg Economic Union will consider itself free to take, if necessary, any customs measures of a fiscal character, as is provided for in the second sentence of the first paragraph ad articles 1 and 2.

Geneva, July 18, 1932.

PAUL HYMANS

BECH

In signing the protocol annexed to the international convention for the lowering of economic barriers, signed on this date at Geneva, I declare that, between the signature and the putting into effect of the said convention, during which period the committee contemplated in article 6 will not exist, my Government will consider itself free to take, if necessary, the measures provided for in the second sentence ad articles 1 and 2 of the protocol.

Geneva, July 18, 1932.

BEELAERTS VAN BLOKLAND

ANNEXED DECLARATION

The High Contracting Parties reserve the privilege of reducing among themselves pursuant to private accords, open to all states, their entry duties on certain goods, in accordance with other modalities than those provided in article 2 of the present convention. Such reductions would be extended to all other states who have adhered to the private accords in question, whether or not they are parties to the present convention.

Done at Geneva, July 18, 1932.

For Belgium:

PAUL HYMANS

For Luxembourg:

BECH

For the Netherlands:

BEELAERTS VAN BLOKLAND

TRADE AGREEMENTS SIGNED BY CANADA AT THE IMPERIAL ECONOMIO CONFERENCE, Ottawa, 1932 2

CANADA-UNITED KINGDOM

2

We, the representatives of His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom and of His Majesty's Government in Canada hereby agree with one another, on behalf of our respective Governments, as follows:

ARTICLE 1.-His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom undertake that Orders shall be made in accordance with the provisions of Section 4 of the Import Duties Act, 1932, which will ensure the continuance after the 15th November, 1932, of entry free of duty

'Texts as published by the Canadian Government in Imperial Economic Con ference, 1932: Report of the Conference: Supplementary Volume (Ottawa, 1932).

into the United Kingdom of goods consigned from any part of the British Empire and grown, produced or manufactured in Canada which by virtue of that Act are now free of duty subject, however, to the reservations set forth in Schedule A appended hereto.

ARTICLE 2.-His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom will invite Parliament to pass the legislation necessary to impose on the foreign goods specified in Schedule B appended hereto, the duties of customs shown in that Schedule in place of the duties (if any) now leviable.

ARTICLE 3.-His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom undertake that the general ad valorem duty of 10% imposed by Section I of the Import Duties Act, 1932, on the foreign goods specified in Schedule C shall not be reduced except with the consent of His Majesty's Government in Canada.

ARTICLE 4.-It is agreed that the duty on either wheat in grain, copper, zinc or lead as provided in this Agreement may be removed if at any time Empire producers of wheat in grain, copper, zinc and lead respectively are unable or unwilling to offer these commodities on first sale in the United Kingdom at prices not exceeding the world prices and in quantities sufficient to supply the requirements of the United Kingdom consumers.

ARTICLE 5.-His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom will invite Parliament to pass the legislation necessary to modify the conditions at present governing the importation into the United Kingdom of live cattle from Canada on the lines already agreed upon in principle between themselves and His Majesty's Government in Canada.

ARTICLE 6.—His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom declare that it is their intention to arrange as soon as possible after receiving the report of the Commission now sitting on the reorganization of the Pig Industry in the United Kingdom, for the quantitative regulation of the supplies of bacon and hams coming on to the United Kingdom market and undertake that in any legislation which they may submit to Parliament for regulating the supplies of bacon and hams from all sources into the United Kingdom, provision will be made for free entry of Canadian bacon and hams of good quality up to a maximum of 2,500,000 cwt. per annum.

ARTICLE 7.-His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom will invite Parliament to pass legislation which will secure for a period of ten years from the date hereof to tobacco, consigned from any part of the British Empire and grown produced or manufactured in Canada, the existing margin of preference over foreign tobacco, so long, however, as the duty on foreign unmanufactured tobacco does not fall below 2/01/2d. per lb., in which event the margin of preference shall be equal to the full duty.

ARTICLE 8.-His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom will invite the Governments of the non-self-governing Colonies and Protectorates to accord to Canada any preference which may for the time being be accorded to any other part of the British Empire, provided that this Clause shall not extend to any preferences accorded by Northern Rhodesia to the Union of South Africa, Southern Rhodesia and the Territories of the South African High Commission by virtue of the Customs Agreement of 1930; and further will invite the Governments of the Colonies and Protectorates shown in Schedule D to accord to Canada new or additional preferences on the commodities and at the rates shown therein.

ARTICLE 9.-His Majesty's Government in Canada will invite Parliament to pass the legislation necessary to substitute for the duties of customs now leviable on the goods specified in Schedule E the duties shown in that Schedule, provided that nothing in this Article shall preclude His Majesty's Government in Canada from reducing the duties specified in the said Schedule so long as the margin of British preference shown in that Schedule is preserved or from increasing the rates under the intermediate or general tariff set out in the said Schedule.

ARTICLE 10.-His Majesty's Government in Canada undertake that protection by tariffs shall be afforded against United Kingdom products only to those industries which are reasonably assured of sound opportunities for success.

ARTICLE 11.-His Majesty's Government in Canada undertake that during the currency of this Agreement the tariff shall be based on the principle that protective duties shall not exceed such a level as will give United Kingdom producers full opportunity of reasonable competition on the basis of the relative cost of economical and efficient production, provided that in the application of such principle special consideration shall be given to the case of industries not fully established.

ARTICLE 12.-His Majesty's Government in Canada undertake forthwith to constitute the Tariff Board for which provision is made in the Tariff Board Act 1931.

ARTICLE 13.-His Majesty's Government in Canada undertake that on the request of His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom they will cause a review to be made by the Tariff Board as soon as practicable of the duties charged on any commodities specified in such request in accordance with the principles laid down in Article 11 hereof and that after the receipt of the Report of the Tariff Board thereon such report shall be laid before Parliament and Parliament shall be invited to vary wherever necessary the Tariff on such commodities of United Kingdom origin in such manner as to give effect to such principles.

ARTICLE 14.-His Majesty's Government in Canada undertake that no existing duty shall be increased on United Kingdom goods except after an inquiry and the receipt of a report from the Tariff Board, and in accordance with the facts as found by that body.

ARTICLE 15.-His Majesty's Government in Canada undertake that United Kingdom producers shall be entitled to full rights of audience before the Tariff Board when it has under consideration matters arising under Articles 13 and 14 hereof.

ARTICLE 16.-His Majesty's Government in Canada undertake that Customs administration in Canada shall be governed by such general principles as will ensure (a) the avoidance, so far as reasonably possible, of uncertainty as to the amount of Customs duties and other fiscal imposts payable on the arrival of goods in Canada; (b) the reduction of delay and friction to a minimum; and (c) the provision of machinery for the prompt and impartial settlement of disputes in matters appertaining to the application of tariffs.

ARTICLE 17.-His Majesty's Government in Canada undertake that all existing surcharges on imports from the United Kingdom shall be completely abolished as soon as the finances of Canada will allow. They further undertake to give sympathetic consideration to the possibility of reducing and ultimately abolishing the exchange dumping duty in so far as it applies to imports from the United Kingdom. ARTICLE 18.-His Majesty's Government in Canada undertake to modify the existing regulations governing the importation of pedigree stock from the United Kingdom into Canada in a manner already agreed upon in principle between themselves and His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom.

ARTICLE 19.-His Majesty's Government in Canada undertake to accord to those non-self-governing Colonies, Protectorates and the Mandated Territories to which the benefits of the British Preferential rates are at present accorded and also to Zanzibar the preferences on the commodities and at the rates shown in Schedule F and also any preferences for the time being accorded to the United Kingdom. Provided that His Majesty's Government in Canada shall not be bound to continue to accord any preferences to any Colony or Protectorate which, not being precluded by international obligations from according preferences, either (i) accords to Canada to preferences or (ii) accords to some other part of the Empire (in the case of Northern Rhodesia, excepting the Union of South Africa, Southern Rhodesia and the Territories of the South African High Commission) preferences not accorded to Canada.

ARTICLE 20.-Nothing in this Agreement shall prejudice or diminish any of the benefits enjoyed by any of the parties thereto under the Canada-West Indies Trade Agreement dated the 6th of July,