ts ip ages, -in fully some bone -0. and ence, With Symallic the n of gan. ›1 of art ates een K9, ged Led en nd g nd he Do You Know That Fish Will Search for a Certain H-Ior Concentration in Water before being Satisfied to make their home in it? This fact was reported in one of the Fourteen Papers read The American Association for the Advancement of Science on the subject of Hydrogen-Ion Concentration and Its Relation to Living Matter The number of papers on this subject may be taken as a measure of the increasing importance which the Determination of Hydrogen-Ion Concentration is assuming in the minds of men in all branches of science. Of the Fourteen Papers referred to, one was in the field of Zoology, seven in Botany and six in Bacteriology. In practically all of these papers, РH values reported to the first decimal place were found to be entirely adequate to permit correct conclusions to be drawn. Wendt's Electro-Titration Apparatus and The Cooledge Comparator hhhhhh Cooledge Comparator provide the two meth ods by which H-Ion Wendt's be made and, in fact, Electro-Titration Apparatus for all purposes except research investigations demanding high precision of Bulletins 86S and 90S describing these two devices in detail CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC COMPANY 460 East Ohio Street CHICAGO, U. S. viii use $66.50 WITH our large from 300 to 4 pound Microscopesa distribution servi upon immediate shi factory prices, wh proved of great valu atories experiencing pected demand for equipment. We stock and pa recommend the Bausch & Lomb mo F and FF Micro FS and FFS Mic -For students' and CAS and DDS M -For individu Copy of Supplement No. 54, "Microscopes, Microtomes, Photo-M Price subject to change without notice. ARTHUR H. THOMAS COMPA WHOLESALE, RETAIL AND EXPORT MERCHANTS LABORATORY APPARATUS AND REAG WEST WASHINGTON SQUARE PHILADE r d t CONTENTS 3 Origin of Potato Rust: PROFESSOR J. C. ARTHUR Scientific Events: 219 226 228 THE FUTURE OF MINERALOGY IN AMERICA1 INTRODUCTION THIS meeting is the culmination of repeat efforts extending over a period of more th one hundred years to band the mineralogi of America together and to maintain journal devoted primarily to mineralogy a cognate sciences. Although our colleagues England and France organized over for years ago, in 1876 and 1878, respectively, were unable to do so until a year ago. T past year has been primarily one of adju ment and development and of bringing need of such an organization more strong to the attention of those interested. It l also been a period during which our ideas what the society should be have become sor what clarified. The progress made has be most gratifying. We are now a going c cern with some very tangible assets, and th are already strong assurances of a most fluential future. As retiring president, desire to discuss briefly some of the import phases in the development of mineralogy America, and the various efforts made organize a national society, and to found journal; also to interpret, if possible, function of mineralogy in our presenteducational and scientific programs and indicate some probable lines of future de opment. THE PERIOD OF EARLY DEVELOPMENT, 1785–1 The earliest published papers dealing w the mineralogy of America were apparer those which appeared in the Memoirs of American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1785. These were followed two years later 1 Address of the retiring president of the 1 eralogical Society of America, Chicago, Decen 29, 1920. 220 SCIENCE what Merrill characterizes as the first work on American geology although its title was distinctly mineralogical. I refer to Schoepf's Beitraege zur Mineralogischen Kenntniss von des Oestlichen Theils von Nord Amerika und seine Gebirge, which was published in Ger many. An event of far-reaching importance upon Interest in the subject was increasing natural science and especially And further, Dr. Bruce manifested a strong bringing to light the neglected of the United States. He soon b information on these subjects. sent to him from many and dis country, both as donations and f specting their nature. In relati he conversed, he corresponded with Europe and America; he p ogical tours; he sought out an young mineralogists of his own expressed a wish to see a jour mineralogy upon the plan of tha Mines at Paris. This object, as accomplished, and in 1810, pu number of this work. Owing to it was never carried beyond on demonstrated the possibility of a work in the United States, a mentioned in the history of Am the earliest original purely sci America. It is to be sincerely regret ing health and early death this journal to be so short tinuation would have permitt gists of this country to h pride upon the achievemen workers in this direction, for progress in the founding journals had already been n there was the Journal des M But whatever progress may hitherto have b made in mineralogical pursuits, every new adva has opened a wider and more interesting prosp The science is still in its infancy, and in many its paths can only proceed with a faltering uncertain step. In reviewing this pioneer text, Profes Silliman in 1818 said: In our opinion, this work does honor to country and will greatly promote the knowledge mineralogy and geology, besides aiding in the g work of disseminating a taste for science ge ally. . . . The method of execution is maste Discrimination, perspicuity, judicious selection characters and facts, a style chaste, manly, comprehensive, are among the attributes of 1 fessor Cleaveland's performance. . . . In opinion, Professor Cleaveland's work ought to introduced in all our schools of mineralogy ought to be the travelling companion of e American mineralogist. 1795 and which became the Annales des Mines Also, In his introduction, Cleaveland stresses the manner: It may also be remarked that several arts and manufactures depend upon mineralogy for their existence; and that improvements and discoveries in the latter can not fail of extending their beneficial efforts to the aforementioned employments. In fine the study of mineralogy, whether it be viewed as tending to increase individual wealth, to improve and multiply arts and manufactures and thus promote the public good; or as affording a pleasant subject for scientific research, recommends itself to the attention of the citizen and scholar. ... The text was received with great favo second edition in two volumes being issued 1822. Although later a third edition beca necessary, it was never prepared on acco of the failing health of the author. In 1825 Samuel Robinson published elaborate list of American mineral locali entitled "A catalogue of American mine with their localities." The following Emmon's "Manual of Mineralogy and G ogy was issued. This was a text of pages. The part dealing with mineralogy the second general treatise on mineral published in America. Little attention given to crystallography. Descriptive eralogy was emphasized and 297 mine were described. The next work on mineralogy by an Ar ican was the first part of the "Treatise Mineralogy," published in 1832, by Profe C. U. Shepard, who at that time was an sistant to Professor Silliman at Yale 1 versity. It was based on the work of M and was a small volume of 256 pages. was followed in 1835 by Part Two consis of two volumes of 630 pages. A se edition was published in 1844. |