erage" one, "a full crop,' ," "twenty per cent. better," "one third in advance" of the last years. In New York, too, which ranks next in the amount raised, it seems to have been unusually large-"twenty per cent. more" in some parts of the State than years past. In the New England States, also, the crop was a good one. In Virginia it was subject to the same vicissitudes as the wheat crop. In Kentucky, where considerable quantities are raised, it was better than last year. The same was likewise the case with Ohio. The entire aggregate of this crop amounts to 22,762,952 bushels.

Buckwheat.-Nearly two thirds of this crop is raised in the three States of New York, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. In New York the increase is thought to have been from twenty to thirty per cent. In New Jersey, though it suffered somewhat from the frost, yet it was, on the whole, a good crop. In Pennsylvania it is described as having been in different parts "not so good as in 1841," "an ordinary, a full crop," or "one third in advance of former years." In South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Arkansas, scarcely any is raised. In Ohio it bore about the same per centage as the other crops. The entire crop is estimated at $9,483,409 bushels. McCulloch says that about 10,000 quarters, or 80,000 bushels, are annually imported into Great Britain.

Maize, or Indian Corn.-With slight exceptions, this favorite crop seems to have been a large one the past year. Nearly every State in the Union reports a considerable gain. The notices, however, are modified now and then by allusions to unfavorable seasons, and causes injurious to its growth. In New England it was larger than in the previous years. In Maine it is described as "good," "fifteen" and even "thirty-three" per cent. higher. In New Hampshire, "fine, matured, without frost," "ten per cent.," "twentyfive per cent.," and by some even as double crop," ," and the increase is attributed to the season, as respects the rain, &c., while in other portions of the State the early dry and cold season is said to have nearly ruined many fields, so that it was at least from twenty to fifty per cent. worse. other New England States the report, on the whole, is favorable.

66

a

In the

In New York, in the river counties, and in the southern and northern section for the most part, it was good, perhaps fifteen per cent. better than in the year previous. In the Mohawk valley the first crop is pronounced to have been fifteen per cent. better, but the second one (replanting) ten or fifteen per cent. worse. In the western section of the State, owing to the unusually wet and cold weather of May and June, the crop fell off, it is thought, fifty per cent. In New Jersey, also, there seems to have been a perceptible decrease.

In Pennsylvania, with few exceptions, it appears to have been less than average; in some sections one-half or one fifth decrease, much rain in the planting season having injured it. In other parts, however, it is said to have been an increase of at least from twenty to thirty per cent. on former years, The same diversity existed in Maryland. In some parts of the State the crop was an increased one, or better than in 1841. In the early part of the summer this crop suffered most severely on the eastern shore from the army worm, and in the principal corn-growing counties of Somerset and Worcester the crop has proved an entire failure. These counties have heretofore been considerable exporters, furnishing more than any other two counties in the State, and they now have not enough for home consumption. The extent of the loss may be seen from the statement that where 2,000 bushels usually grows the past year there was but 200; only 10 bushels instead of 800, 80

is now so reduced, that the farmer either singly or by combination, will find his advantage in purchasing the same, thus reducing the expense of their threshing to one half the cost of hiring.

Barley. There is reason to believe that this crop has made, if any, no material advance the past year. The attention of the public has been so successfully directed to the discontinuance of the malt liquor which possesses an intoxicating quality, that the encouragement offered for its cultivation is becoming less from year to year. Except in New York the amount raised is not large. The information gained as to its yield is also less certain than with regard to most other crops. It forms so small a proportion, that it is often passed over as not deserving the notice in the general record, which, in many cases, is confined to the leading products. It is believed, however, to have been similarly affected with the other grains. The aggregate crop of the past year is estimated at 3,871,622 bushels. This species of grain Loudon considers as next in importance to wheat in Great Britain. In Sweden and Lapland it is more cultivated than any other grain, on account of requiring to be so short a period in the soil; sometimes not longer than six weeks, and seldom more than seven and a half. In Spain and Sicily they have two crops a year on the same soil. The climate in which it delights is warm and dry; and it is said there are instances of its being sown and ripened without having enjoyed a single shower of rain. In parts of Great Britain it is in considerable use as a material for bread, and also for fattening black cattle, hogs, and poultry. As it is a tender plant, and more easily injured than wheat, it is also more expensive of cultivation. In a country like ours, where wheat is so abundant, the inducement to raise it is comparatively small.

Oats.-This is a larger crop than all the other cereal grains, as it is also the hardiest of them, except maize or Indian corn. It is one which, to some extent, is affected by the season similarly with that of wheat; though coming into harvest later, it may not suffer to the same extent from the rains of August. The past year has been more favorable to oats than was the year previous. It will be recollected that the crop of 1841 was estimated as under an average one; in 1842, it is thought to have been above an average one. In the New England States, where it ranks higher in amount than any other grain, it was a good crop. In New York, which produces the greatest amount, it was unusually large; a greater quantity was sown, and the yield per acre was estimated at twenty-five, thirty, or even fifty per cent. better than the year previous. The late sowed in some cases were injured by the rains of September; but even with this deduction, the crop was probably the greatest ever known. In New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Maryland, it is described as having been a good crop. In Virginia it was, for the most part, better than an average one; in some sections of the State thirty per cent. more; in some others it was destroyed by the forty days' rain of the summer. In North Carolina, Georgia, and Kentucky, the crop was' "good," an "increased" one, " very fine," twenty or twenty-five per cent. better than in 1841. In Tennessee, Louisiana, and Ohio, with some exceptions, the crop of oats has been estimated by judges at an advance on the' year 1841. The same was the case with Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan, and Missouri, Wisconsin, and Iowa. Arkansas and Louisiana raise but comparatively a small amount. The whole aggregate of this crop the past year, is estimated at 150,883,617 bushels.

Rye.-Pennsylvania is the greatest producer of this crop, and from various sections of the State the report is that it has proved “ a good one," an av

99 66

"

erage" one, a full crop,' 99.66 twenty per cent. better," "" one third in advance" of the last years. In New York, too, which ranks next in the amount raised, it seems to have been unusually large-"twenty per cent. more" in some parts of the State than years past. In the New England States, also, the crop was a good one. In Virginia it was subject to the same vicissitudes as the wheat crop. In Kentucky, where considerable quantities are raised, it was better than last year. The same was likewise the case with Ohio. The entire aggregate of this crop amounts to 22,762,952 bushels.

Buckwheat.-Nearly two thirds of this crop is raised in the three States of New York, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. In New York the increase is thought to have been from twenty to thirty per cent. In New Jersey, though it suffered somewhat from the frost, yet it was, on the whole, a good crop. In Pennsylvania it is described as having been in different parts "not so good as in 1841," "an ordinary, a full crop," or one third in advance of former years." In South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Arkansas, scarcely any is raised. In Ohio it bore about the same per centage as the other crops. The entire crop is estimated at $9,483,409 bushels. McCulloch says that about 10,000 quarters, or 80,000 bushels, are annually imported into Great Britain.

Maize, or Indian Corn.-With slight exceptions, this favorite crop seems to have been a large one the past year. Nearly every State in the Union reports a considerable gain. 'The notices, however, are modified now and then by allusions to unfavorable seasons, and causes injurious to its growth.

In New England it was larger than in the previous years. In Maine it is described as "good," "fifteen" and even "thirty-three" per cent. higher. In New Hampshire, "fine, matured, without frost," "ten per cent.," "twentyfive per cent.," and by some even as 66 a double crop," "and the increase is attributed to the season, as respects the rain, &c., while in other portions of the State the early dry and cold season is said to have nearly ruined many fields, so that it was at least from twenty to fifty per cent. worse. other New England States the report, on the whole, is favorable.

In the

In New York, in the river counties, and in the southern and northern section for the most part, it was good, perhaps fifteen per cent. better than in the year previous. In the Mohawk valley the first crop is pronounced to have been fifteen per cent. better, but the second one (replanting) ten or fifteen per cent. worse. In the western section of the State, owing to the unusually wet and cold weather of May and June, the crop fell off, it is thought, fifty per cent. In New Jersey, also, there seems to have been a perceptible

decrease.

In Pennsylvania, with few exceptions, it appears to have been less than average; in some sections one-half or one fifth decrease, much rain in the planting season having injured it. In other parts, however, it is said to have been an increase of at least from twenty to thirty per cent. on former years, The same diversity existed in Maryland. In some parts of the State the crop was an increased one, or better than in 1841. In the early part of the summer this crop suffered most severely on the eastern shore from the army worm, and in the principal corn-growing counties of Somerset and Worcester the crop has proved an entire failure. These counties have heretofore been considerable exporters, furnishing more than any other two counties in the State, and they now have not enough for home consumption. The extent of the loss may be seen from the statement that where 2,000 bushels usually grows the past year there was but 200; only 10 bushels instead of 800, 80

is now so reduced, that the farmer either singly or by combination, will find his advantage in purchasing the same, thus reducing the expense of their threshing to one half the cost of hiring.

Barley. There is reason to believe that this crop has made, if any, no material advance the past year. The attention of the public has been so successfully directed to the discontinuance of the malt liquor which possesses an intoxicating quality, that the encouragement offered for its cultivation is becoming less from year to year. Except in New York the amount raised is not large. The information gained as to its yield is also less certain than with regard to most other crops. It forms so small a proportion, that it is often passed over as not deserving the notice in the general record, which, in many cases, is confined to the leading products. It is believed, however, to have been similarly affected with the other grains. The aggregate crop of the past year is estimated at 3,871,622 bushels. This species of grain Loudon considers as next in importance to wheat in Great Britain. In Sweden and Lapland it is more cultivated than any other grain, on account of requiring to be so short a period in the soil; sometimes not longer than six weeks, and seldom more than seven and a half. In Spain and Sicily they have two crops a year on the same soil. The climate in which it delights is warm and dry; and it is said there are instances of its being sown and ripened without having enjoyed a single shower of rain. In parts of Great Britain it is in considerable use as a material for bread, and also for fattening black cattle, hogs, and poultry. As it is a tender plant, and more easily injured than wheat, it is also more expensive of cultivation. In a country like ours, where wheat is so abundant, the inducement to raise it is comparatively small.

Oats.-This is a larger crop than all the other cereal grains, as it is also the hardiest of them, except maize or Indian corn. It is one which, to some extent, is affected by the season similarly with that of wheat; though coming into harvest later, it may not suffer to the same extent from the rains of August. The past year has been more favorable to oats than was the year previous. It will be recollected that the crop of 1841 was estimated as under an average one; in 1842, it is thought to have been above an average one. In the New England States, where it ranks higher in amount than any other grain, it was a good crop. In New York, which produces the greatest amount, it was unusually large; a greater quantity was sown, and the yield per acre was estimated at twenty-five, thirty, or even fifty per cent. better than the year previous. The late sowed in some cases were injured by the rains of September; but even with this deduction, the crop was probably the greatest ever known. In New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Maryland, it is described as having been a good crop. In Virginia it was, for the most part, better than an average one; in some sections of the State thirty per cent. more; in some others it was destroyed by the forty days' rain' of the summer. In North Carolina, Georgia, and Kentucky, the crop was' "good," an "increased" one, "very fine," twenty or twenty-five per cent. better than in 1841. In Tennessee, Louisiana, and Ohio, with some exceptions, the crop of oats has been estimated by judges at an advance on the year 1841. The same was the case with Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan, and Missouri, Wisconsin, and Iowa. Arkansas and Louisiana raise but comparatively a small amount. The whole aggregate of this crop the past is estimated at 150,883,617 bushels.

Rye.-Pennsylvania is the greatest producer of this crop, and from various sections of the State the report is that it has proved "a good one,” “an_av

99.66

erage" one, "a full crop,' twenty per cent. better," "one third in advance" of the last years. In New York, too, which ranks next in the amount raised, it seems to have been unusually large-" twenty per cent. more" in some parts of the State than years past. In the New England States, also, the crop was a good one. In Virginia it was subject to the same vicissitudes as the wheat crop. In Kentucky, where considerable quantities are raised, it was better than last year. The same was likewise the case with Ohio. The entire aggregate of this crop amounts to 22,762,952 bushels.

Buckwheat.-Nearly two thirds of this crop is raised in the three States of New York, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. In New York the increase is thought to have been from twenty to thirty per cent. In New Jersey, though it suffered somewhat from the frost, yet it was, on the whole, a good crop. In Pennsylvania it is described as having been in different parts "not so good as in 1841," "an ordinary, a full crop," or "one third in advance of former years." In South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Arkansas, scarcely any is raised. In Ohio it bore about the same per centage as the other crops. The entire crop is estimated at $9,483,409 bushels. McCulloch says that about 10,000 quarters, or 80,000 bushels, are annually imported into Great Britain.

Maize, or Indian Corn.-With slight exceptions, this favorite crop seems to have been a large one the past year. Nearly every State in the Union reports a considerable gain. The notices, however, are modified now and then by allusions to unfavorable seasons, and causes injurious to its growth.

In New England it was larger than in the previous years. In Maine it is described as "good," "fifteen" and even "thirty-three" per cent. higher. In New Hampshire, "fine, matured, without frost," "ten per cent.," "twentyfive per cent.," and by some even as "a double crop," and the increase is attributed to the season, as respects the rain, &c., while in other portions of the State the early dry and cold season is said to have nearly ruined many fields, so that it was at least from twenty to fifty per cent. worse. other New England States the report, on the whole, is favorable.

In the

In New York, in the river counties, and in the southern and northern section for the most part, it was good, perhaps fifteen per cent. better than in the year previous. In the Mohawk valley the first crop is pronounced to have been fifteen per cent. better, but the second one (replanting) ten or fifteen per cent. worse. In the western section of the State, owing to the unusually wet and cold weather of May and June, the crop fell off, it is thought, fifty per cent. In New Jersey, also, there seems to have been a perceptible decrease.

In Pennsylvania, with few exceptions, it appears to have been less than average; in some sections one-half or one fifth decrease, much rain in the planting season having injured it. In other parts, however, it is said to have been an increase of at least from twenty to thirty per cent. on former years, The same diversity existed in Maryland. In some parts of the State the crop was an increased one, or better than in 1841. In the early part of the summer this crop suffered most severely on the eastern shore from the army worm, and in the principal corn-growing counties of Somerset and Worcester the crop has proved an entire failure. These counties have heretofore been considerable exporters, furnishing more than any other two counties in the State, and they now have not enough for home consumption. The extent of the loss may be seen from the statement that where 2,000 bushels usually grows the past year there was but 200; only 10 bushels instead of 800, 80