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PAGE 20." As this letter is to be historical, I may as well claim what little belongs to me in the matter; and that is the figure of Pickwick. Seymour's first sketch was of a long, thin man: the present immortal one he made from my description of a friend of mine at Richmond, - a fat old beau, who would wear, in spite of the ladies' protests, drab tights and black gaiters. His name was John Foster."- Extract from a letter of Mr. Edward Chapman (of the firm of Chapman and Hall) to Mr. Dickens, as quoted in FORSTER's Life of Dickens, vol. i, ch. 5 (Philadelphia edition).

PAGE 90. After the death of Mr. Dickens, Dr. R. S. Mackenzie published in the New-York Round Table a statement, that the plan and the main characters of Oliver Twist originated with Cruikshank the artist, who, previously to the writing of that novel, had made a series of drawings, containing portraits of Fagin, Bill Sikes, the Artful Dodger, &c.; the intention being, to show, in this way, the life of a London thief without a single line of letter-press. He further stated, -on the authority of Mr. Cruikshank, that Dickens, on seeing these drawings, changed the whole plot of a story he had in contemplation, and obtained permission to "write up to as many of the designs as he thought would suit his purpose." Mr. Forster, in his Life of Dickens, styles this a "wonderful story," and says that it calumniates the distinguished artist on whom it is fathered, and that it is only to be fitly characterized by an unpolite word of three letters. Mr. Cruikshank, however, in a letter to the London Times, under the date of December 21, 1871, defends Mr. Mackenzie from "such a gross imputation," acknowledges that he did tell that gentleman that he was "the originator of the story of Oliver Twist," and proceeds to substantiate his claims to the honor.

PAGE 166.-The Garlands in The Old Curiosity Shop are portraits of a family with whom Dickens, when a boy, had lodgings during a portion of the time that his father was confined in the Marshalsea Prison. Mr. Garland was an insolventcourt agent, who lived in Lant Street, in the Borough: "he was a fat, goodnatured, kind old gentleman. He was lame, and had a quiet old wife; and he had a very innocent grown-up son, who was lame too."- See FORSTER'S Life of Dickens, vol. i, pp. 59, 60.

PAGE 172.

In the same novel, the character of the Marchioness is also drawn from life. She represents an orphan-girl, from the Chatham Workhouse, who waited on Mr. John Dickens and his family in the Marshalsea, and who was remarkable for her sharp little worldly yet kindly ways.- See FORSTER's Life of Dickens, vol. i, p. 59.

PAGE 266. -"Captain Cuttle was one David Mainland, master of a merchantman, who was introduced to Dickens on the day when, with Thomas Chapman, Daniel Maclise, John Leech, Thomas Powell, and Samuel Rogers, he went to see Crosby Hall, Bishopgate Street, the restoration of which had then (1842) been completed with great taste and skill. This is all that remains of the dwelling of Richard III, repeatedly mentioned by Shakspeare. The party, my exact informant tells me, proceeded from Crosby Hall to the adjacent London Tavern, where, at the proper charge of Mr. Thomas Chapman, Bathe and Breach supplied a lunch. Of the six who constituted that social party, only one [Mr. Powell] survives. On that day, however, Dickens booked' Captain Cuttle; though he did not appear in Dombey and Son until five years later."- MACKENZIE, Life of Dickens, p. 202.

...

PAGE 271. Mr. Dombey is supposed to represent Mr. Thomas Chapman, ship-owner, whose offices were opposite the Wooden Midshipman. I had the honor of meeting Mr. Chapman, at dinner (at Lough's the sculptor); and the rigidity of his manner was only equalled by that of his form; he sat or stood, as the case might be, bolt upright, as if he knew not how to bend, — as stiff, in fact, as if he had swallowed the drawing-room poker in his youth, and had never digested it. As if to make Mr. Chapman undoubtedly identical with Dombey, we have, as messenger of the commercial house of Dombey & Son, one Perch, actually taken from a funny little old chap, named Stephen Hale, who was part clerk, part messenger, in Mr. Chapman's office."— MACKENZIE, Life of Dickens, pp. 201, 202.

PAGE 272. — “Old Sol Gills was intended for a little fellow named Norie, who kept a very small shop in Leadenhall Street, exactly opposite the office of John Chapman & Co., in which the stock in trade comprised chronometers, barometers, telescopes, compasses, charts, maps, sextants, quadrants, and specimens of every kind of instruments used in the working of a ship's course, or the keeping of a ship's reckoning, or the prosecuting of a ship's discoveries.' In front of this small shop stands a figure, carved in wood, and curiously painted. of a miniature midshipman, with a huge quadrant in his hand, as if about taking an observation. What is more, the little shop and the Wooden Midshipman may be seen, by the curious, adorning Leadenhall Street, to this day. I speak of the Wooden Midshipman as I saw him in 1852. He may have been swept away by what is called⚫ improvement.'"- MACKENZIE, Life of Dickens, p. 202.

PAGE 318.- - Dora Spenlow had an original in the person of a young lady with whom Dickens fell in love in his youthful days, while practising as a law-reporter. "He, too," says Forster (Life of Dickens, vol. i, p. 3), "had his Dora at apparently the same hopeless elevation, striven for as the only thing to be attained, and even more unattainable, for neither did he succeed, nor, happily, did she die; but the one idol, like the other, supplying a motive to exertion for the time, and otherwise opening out to the idolater, both in fact and fiction, a highly unsubstantial, happy, foolish time. I used to laugh, and tell him I had no belief in any but the book Dora, until the incident of a sudden re-appearance of the real one in his life, nearly six years after Copperfield was written, convinced me there had been a more actual foundation for those chapters of his book than I was ready to suppose." Of the lady referred to, Mr. Dickens himself told Mr. Forster, "Without, for a moment, sincerely believing that it would have been better if we had never got separated, I cannot see the occasion of so much emotion as I should see any one else. No one can imagine, in the most distant degree, what pain the recollection gave me in Copperfield; and, just as I can never open that book as I open any other book, I

cannot see the face (even at four and forty), or hear the voice, without going wandering away over the ashes of all that youth and hope in the wildest manner." In Little Dorrit, however, he afterwards drew, from the same original, the very different portrait of Flora Finching.

PAGE 324.- According to Dr. R. S. Mackenzie (Life of Dickens, p. 203), Traddles, David Copperfield's schoolmate and friend, is supposed to have been intended for the late Sir Thomas Noon Talfourd, one of Mr. Dickens's oldest and most intimate friends.

PAGE 411.

This name is everywhere incorrectly written by Mr. Dickens St. Evrémonde or Evrémonde. The proper orthography is Évremonde, which represents a decidedly different pronunciation.

46*

A Classed List of Characters, Etc.

NOTE.-The following list embraces only a portion of the names contained in Dickens's novels and shorter tales. Not a few names are omitted, as being quite unclassifiable; others, as belonging to persons, places, or things altogether insignificant; others again, because, if brought together at all, they could only be so under headings of very little interest or importance. Incomplete - designedly incomplete -as the list is, however, it is thought that the groupings it presents will be found to be both curious, and useful for reference.

The tales in which the names occur may easily be ascertained by means of the General Index on page 557.

Actors. -Master Crummles; Master Percy Crummles; Vincent Crummles; Mr. Folair; Jem Hutley; Alfred Jingle; John; Jem Larkins; Thomas Lenville; Mr. Loggins; Nicholas Nickleby; Mr. Pip; P. Salcy Family; Smike; Mr. Snevellicci; Mr. Snittle Timberry; Mr. Wopsle.

Actresses. -Miss Belvawney; Miss Bravassa; the Compact Enchantress; Ninetta Crummles; Miss Gazingi; Mrs. Grudden; Miss Ledrook; Mrs. Lenville; Henrietta Petowker; Miss Suevellicci.

Actuary.-Mr. Meltham.

Adventurers. Mr. Jinkins; Alfred Lammle.

Aeronauts. Mr. Green; Mr. Green, junior.
Alderman. - Mr. Cute.

Amanuensis.-Caddy Jellyby.

Americans.- Mr. Bevan; Julius Washington Merryweather Bib; Jefferson Brick: Mrs. Jefferson Brick; Oscar Buffum; Cyrus Choke; Hannibal Chollop; Miss Codger; Colonel Diver; Doctor Ginery Dunkle; General Fladdock; Colonel Groper; Mrs. Hominy; Mr. Izzard; Mr. Jodd; Captain Kedgick; La Fayette Kettle; Mr. Norris and family; Major Pawkins; Mrs. Pawkins; Professor Piper; Elijah Pogram; Zephaniah Scadder; Putnam Smif; Miss Toppit.

Apprentices. - Noah Claypole; Mark Gilbert; Hugh Graham; Sim Tappertit; Oliver Twist; Dick Wilkins.

Architects. - Martin Chuzzlewit; Seth Pecksniff; Tom Pinch; John Westlock. Articulator of bones, etc.- Mr. Venus.

Astrologer. - Mr. Mooney.

Auctioneer. Thomas Sapsea.

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